Optimizing noise control in flexible shells with bridging membrane discs variations.

This study explores the acoustic behavior of flexible cylindrical shells incorporating membrane discs at structural interfaces, focusing on their influence on wave propagation characteristics. The dynamics of the embedded membrane discs are modeled at the junctions between different shell segments, and the resulting boundary value problem is addressed using a combination of the Mode-Matching (MM) and Galerkin methods. The governing equations comprise the Helmholtz equation in the fluid domain and the Donnell-Mushtari shell equations in the elastic guiding regions.

ESG performance and financial distress risk: Does the overseas experience of executives play a role?

Existing literature generally focuses on ESG disclosure and performance in relation to deterring financial distress risk (FDR), neglecting the potential impact of executives' foreign experience on financial stability. This study empirically examines how ESG performance affects the risk of financial distress and investigates the role of executives with overseas experience within this relationship. Data from Saudi-listed firms (2010-2022) shows that companies with higher ESG ratings tend to have lower FDR.

Exploring the Therapeutic Potential of Bovine Colostrum for Cancer Therapies.

Colostrum is a nutrient-rich fluid secreted by mammals shortly after birth, primarily to provide passive immunity and support early immune development in newborns. Among its various sources, bovine colostrum is the most widely used supplement due to its high bioavailability, safety profile, and clinically supported health benefits. Rich in immunoglobulins, lactoferrin, growth factors, and antimicrobial peptides, bovine colostrum exhibits diverse biological activities that extend beyond neonatal health.

A Global Account of Established Non-Native Fish Species.

The introduction of non-native aquatic species has fundamentally transformed aquatic assemblages, primarily due to human activities, such as aquaculture, fisheries enhancement, aquarium trade, the creation of artificial corridors, and deliberate and accidental releases. Despite growing concern for biological invasions, there is no overall global appraisal of successful non-native fishes. This study compiled a comprehensive dataset from several global sources to examine the taxonomic diversity, geographical distribution, introduction pathways, and ecological impacts of non-native freshwater and marine fishes.

The Role of Sex in the Impact of Sleep Restriction on Appetite- and Weight-Regulating Hormones in Healthy Adults: A Systematic Review of Human Studies.

Short sleep has been linked to overweight, possibly via alterations in appetite-regulating hormones, but findings are inconsistent. Sex differences may contribute to this variability. This systematic review examines whether sex modifies the hormonal response to sleep curtailment.

The role of personality traits in predicting educational use of generative AI in higher education.

Generative Artificial Intelligence (Gen-AI) systems offer significant opportunities for personalized learning in higher education. Studying the effects of personality traits on the use of Gen-AI is crucial for understanding the role of individual differences in integrating this innovative technology into education. Therefore, this study investigated how the Big Five personality traits, age, and gender predict the educational use of Gen-AI in higher education.

Investigation of Mn dopant-induced crystal defects in photoactive CuSe nanosheets for enhanced visible-NIR range absorption and natural solar-driven photocatalysis.

Limited light absorption and inefficient charge separation remain key challenges in achieving effective natural solar-driven photocatalysis using low-bandgap CuSe nanosheets (NSs). Introducing crystal defects within a certain concentration range has been recognized as an effective strategy to tackle these issues and to design a high-performance photocatalyst. Herein, Mn is uniformly incorporated into the CuSe lattice, inducing crystal defects, resulting in efficient natural solar spectrum-driven photocatalysis.

Spatial and seasonal patterns in fish assemblages of the Bakırçay river are associated with physicochemical and habitat parameters.

The significance of long-term biodiversity monitoring studies for the protection of natural biodiversity and human well-being is well recognised by the Turkish scientific community. Despite understanding the ecological importance of freshwater ecosystems, spatially or temporally congruent studies using high resolution biodiversity monitoring data from Turkish freshwater resources remain scarce. To determine a biodiversity baseline for future studies, biological and environmental sampling was carried out in 15 different locations from the highly anthropogenically impacted Bakırçay River and its catchment in Western Anatolia between 2017 and 2018.

Trust and explainability in robotic hand control via adversarial multiple machine learning models with EEG sensor data fusion: A fuzzy decision-making solution.

In the field of brain‒computer interfaces (BCIs), developing a reliable machine learning (ML) model for real-time robotic hand control systems based on motor imagery (MI) brain signals requires substantial research. For this purpose, a set of ML models has been developed and tested to identify robust models via MI sensor data fusion under both nonadversarial and adversarial attack conditions. This paper addresses numerous essential areas, including the development of ML models for electroencephalography (EEG) MI signal datasets, with a focus on proper preprocessing and evaluation under both nonadversarial and adversarial attack conditions.

Bridging short- and long-distance dispersal in individual animal movement.

Random walks (RW) provide a useful modelling framework for the movement of animals at an individual level. If the RW is uncorrelated and unbiased such that the direction of movement is completely random, the dispersal is characterised by the statistical properties of the probability distribution of step lengths, or the dispersal kernel. Whether an individual exhibits short- or long-distance dispersal can be distinguished by the rate of asymptotic decay in the end-tail of the distribution of step-lengths.

The impact of climate policy uncertainty on green mergers and acquisitions.

Green mergers and acquisitions (GM&A) represent a critical strategy for firms to align with environmental constraints objectives of sustainable development. This paper leverages data from A- -share listed companies spanning 2007 to 2021 to examine the impact of climate policy uncertainty (CPU) on green mergers and acquisitions activities and their underlying mechanisms. This paper reveals that climate policy uncertainty catalyzes green mergers and acquisitions, with a pronounced effect observed among non-state-owned enterprises, firms within the non-energy sector and high-tech sector.

Assessing the rebound effects of clean energy sectors and carbon tax on fossil fuels: A dynamic CGE-based analysis.

Improving the efficiency of clean energy sectors is widely recognized as a key strategy for accelerating the low-carbon transition. While efficiency gains in fossil fuels often raise concerns about rebound effects, similar effects in clean energy may instead support cleaner production and energy structure optimization. This study aims to quantify the macroeconomic and environmental impacts of rebound effects resulting from clean energy efficiency improvements, with particular attention to sectoral differences and policy interactions.

Polyphenols as Antiviral Agents: Their Potential Against a Range of Virus Types.

Polyphenols are structurally diverse plant metabolites that have attracted significant interest. Their compositions are versatile, depending on their structures, including the number of rings in the polyphenol composition. Based on these attributes, polyphenols can be classified as flavanols, anthocyanins, flavones, phenolic acids, stilbenes, and lignans.

Tailoring innovative silver nanoparticles for modern medicine: The importance of size and shape control and functional modifications.

Silver nanoparticles (Ag NPs) play a significant role in modern medicine, with their size, shape, and surface chemistry strongly influencing their biological performance. Smaller nanoparticles (1-100 nm) can penetrate cells more easily, while different shapes such as spheres, rods, cubes, triangles, wires, and stars impact their antimicrobial activity and drug delivery efficiency. This review highlights the importance of precise control over these properties during synthesis to optimize their therapeutic potential.

Overconfidence and insider trading with correlated signals.

This study extends the framework of Jain and Mirman (1999) model to the case of overconfident market makers à la Zhou (2011). We characterize the linear equilibrium outcomes and derive explicit formulas for the model parameters. A comparative statics analysis is then conducted with respect to the Jain and Mirman (1999) and Zhou (2011) models.

Protective Effects of as a Natural Remedy to Counteract Pregabalin-Induced Toxicity: Insights From Chemical Profiling, In Vivo, and In Silico Analyses.

This study explores the therapeutic potential of extract in alleviating pregabalin (PGB)-induced toxicity in male Wistar rats, with a focus on hepatic, renal, and reproductive health. PGB exposure led to significant biochemical disturbances, including elevated liver enzymes (AST, ALT, LDH), impaired kidney markers (urea, creatinine, uric acid), reduced reproductive hormones (testosterone, FSH, LH), and notable histopathological damage in liver, kidney, and testicular tissues. Treatment with extract effectively restored liver and kidney functions and partially corrected hormonal imbalances.

Conceptual and ethical considerations in invasion science.

Invasion science addresses interconnected ecological, economic, and social challenges posed by the introduction of nonnative species. Therefore, invasion scientists have to consider and reconcile interdisciplinary needs while addressing the potential implications of their findings. Navigating diverse disciplines, including environmental sciences, ecology, economics, and the humanities, invasion scientists seek to arrive at informed decisions on invasion risk, impact, and management.

Psychometric properties of the Arabic generalized anxiety disorder scale (GAD-5) in a non-clinical sample of Arabic-speaking adults.

Background: generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) is a highly prevalent psychological disorder with a frequent distribution among the general population and in primary care configurations. GAD-5 is one of the many present scales with little research on, but has the potential to orient clinical decisions due to its unique features. Validating a simple and cost-effective tool to assess the GAD in the Arabic-speaking population, primarily residing in the Middle-East and North-Africa (MENA) region, would be highly beneficial.

A minimal deterministic model reveals integration of spindle assembly and position checkpoints in mitosis.

The spindle assembly checkpoint (SAC) and spindle position checkpoint (SPOC) are essential surveillance systems that ensure accurate chromosome segregation and proper spindle orientation during mitosis. While their individual mechanisms have been extensively studied, their functional integration remains poorly understood. Here, I present a minimal deterministic mathematical model that captures key interactions between SAC and SPOC, incorporating central components such as Mad2, Cdc20, APC/C, Bfa1, Bub2, Tem1, Kin4, and the mitotic kinase Cdc5.

Hierarchically Structured Ti-TiO Membranes Fabricated by Femtosecond Laser Ablation and Atomic Layer Deposition for Enhanced Photoelectrochemical Water Splitting.

Efficient and scalable photoelectrodes are essential for advancing solar-driven hydrogen production via photoelectrochemical (PEC) water splitting. This work presents a novel binder-free Ti-TiO membrane photoanode engineered by the synergy of femtosecond laser ablation and atomic layer deposition (ALD). Laser processing produced a highly ordered array of micro pyramids on titanium foil, significantly increasing the surface area and light-trapping capability.

Enhancing IoT cybersecurity through lean-based hybrid feature selection and ensemble learning: A visual analytics approach to intrusion detection.

The dynamical growth of cyber threats in IoT setting requires smart and scalable intrusion detection systems. In this paper, a Lean-based hybrid Intrusion Detection framework using Particle Swarm Optimization and Genetic Algorithm (PSO-GA) to select the features and Extreme Learning Machine and Bootstrap Aggregation (ELM-BA) to classify the features is introduced. The proposed framework obtains high detection rates on the CICIDS-2017 dataset, with 100 percent accuracy on important attack categories, like PortScan, SQL Injection, and Brute Force.

Validity and reliability of the Persian version of the emotional labour scale for nurses.

Background: Emotional labour plays a critical role in nurses' daily responsibilities and is deeply embedded in the fabric of professional nursing care. This study aims to assess the reliability and validity of the Persian version of the Emotional Labour Scale (ELS) for nurses.

Methods: The study population consisted of nurses working in hospitals in Amol, Iran, and a methodological cross-sectional approach was applied using a convenience sampling method.

Comprehensive Genomic, Mutation, Phylogenetic, and Statistical Analysis of the Monkeypox Virus Across Multiple Countries.

Our study offers a comprehensive Monkeypox virus (MPXV) analysis, utilizing innovative protocols to uncover potential vulnerabilities. We examine MPXV's epidemiology, link to smallpox, genomics, mutation landscape, clinical features, diagnostics, therapeutics, FDA-approved drugs, clinical trials, and preventive strategies. We used various analytical methods to analyse genome data from the NCBI database (2019-2023) to assess sequence alignment, protein identification, and genome diversity.

Green Synthesis of Silver Nanoparticles Using Plant Extracts: A Comprehensive Review of Physicochemical Properties and Multifunctional Applications.

Green synthesis of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) using plant extracts has emerged as a sustainable and eco-friendly alternative to conventional physical and chemical methods. This review provides a comprehensive overview of plant-mediated synthesis routes, emphasizing the influence of phytochemicals on nanoparticle formation, morphology, and stability. The physicochemical properties of AgNPs, such as size, shape, and surface characteristics, are critically examined in relation to synthesis parameters, summarizing the plant species employed and associated reaction conditions.