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Green synthesis of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) using plant extracts has emerged as a sustainable and eco-friendly alternative to conventional physical and chemical methods. This review provides a comprehensive overview of plant-mediated synthesis routes, emphasizing the influence of phytochemicals on nanoparticle formation, morphology, and stability. The physicochemical properties of AgNPs, such as size, shape, and surface characteristics, are critically examined in relation to synthesis parameters, summarizing the plant species employed and associated reaction conditions. The wide-ranging applications of plant-based AgNPs are explored, including antimicrobial, agricultural, environmental, industrial, and biomedical uses, such as drug delivery and wound healing. The section is supported with recent application-specific studies to their corresponding nanoparticle properties, highlighting the relationship between structure and function. Finally, this review discusses current challenges, particularly potential toxicity considerations, and outlines future perspectives for standardization, mechanistic understanding, and translational potential in wide-ranging applications.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms26136222 | DOI Listing |
Microb Cell Fact
September 2025
Biochemistry Division, Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Tanta University, Tanta, 31257, Egypt.
Background And Aim: Synthetic dyes in the textile industry pose risks to human health and environmental safety. The current study aims to examine the efficacy of a novel esterase derived from an endophyte fungus in decolorizing diverse dyes, focusing on its production, purification, optimization, and characterization.
Results: Trichoderma afroharzianum AUMC16433, a novel fungal endophyte with esterase-producing ability, was first detected from the cladodes of Opuntia ficus indica by ITS-rRNA sequencing.
Biotechnol Lett
September 2025
Department of Chemical Engineering, Hongik University, Sangsu-dong, Mapo-gu, Seoul, 04066, Republic of Korea.
The cell surface display system employs carrier proteins to present target proteins on the outer membrane of cells. This system enables functional proteins to be exposed on the exterior of living cells without cell lysis, allowing direct interaction with the surrounding environment. A major limitation of conventional approaches is the difficulty in displaying large-sized enzymes or antibodies, despite their critical roles in applications requiring functional domains that must remain intact, such as catalytic or antigen-binding sites.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Org Chem
September 2025
Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Green Synthetic Chemistry for Functional Materials, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221116, PR China.
A convenient protocol for the synthesis of selenated benzoxepine derivatives via iron(III)-catalyzed 7-endo-trig cyclization has been first established via reaction of 1,7-diene containing nonactivated allyl and dialkyl diselenides under room temperature and air conditions. Research has shown that different dialkyl diselenides could react with a wide range of 1,7-diene to achieve seven-membered products in good to excellent yields. Furthermore, this synthesis was directed to obtain the desired target products, indicating that this approach has an excellent chemical selectivity.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMar Environ Res
September 2025
College of Oceanography and Ecological Science, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, 201306, China. Electronic address:
This review examines the chemical and ecological interactions between filter-feeding mussels and the green macroalga Ulva prolifera in integrated multi-trophic aquaculture (IMTA) systems. Mussels are crucial for nutrient recycling, as they filter water and release bioavailable compounds such as ammonium (NH), urea (CO(NH)), and dissolved organic matter (DOM). These compounds promote Ulva growth and enhance microbial activity.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBioorg Chem
September 2025
Post Graduate and Research Department of Botany, A.V.V.M. Sri Pushpam College (Affiliated to Bharathidasan University), Poondi 613 503, Thanjavur, India. Electronic address:
The research employed zirconyl oxychloride as a catalyst in a reaction involving pyrazole aldehyde, (thio)urea, and acetyl acetone to establish an aqueous approach for synthesizing 3,4-dihydropyrimidinone derivatives (compounds 4a-j) with potential claims as antidiabetic agents. FT-IR, HR-MS, H NMR and C NMR were employed to analyze the synthesized compounds. The HOMO-LUMO analysis was performed to evaluate the stability of the synthesized derivatives.
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