Cohort profile: The Multiethnic Lifestyle, Obesity and Diabetes Registry in Malaysia (MeLODY) retrospective cohort in a middle-income country in Southeast Asia.

There is a lack of longitudinal data on type 2 diabetes (T2D) in low- and middle-income countries. We leveraged the electronic health records (EHR) system of a publicly funded academic institution to establish a retrospective cohort with longitudinal data to facilitate benchmarking, surveillance, and resource planning of a multi-ethnic T2D population in Malaysia. This cohort included 15,702 adults aged ≥ 18 years with T2D who received outpatient care (January 2002-December 2020) from Universiti Malaya Medical Centre (UMMC), Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.

Spatiotemporal disparities and dynamic transition characteristics of China's national standard development contribution levels-Based on machine splitting and location assignment technology.

This study examines China's national standard development from 2001 to 2023. Using machine splitting and location assignment technology, the Dagum Gini coefficient and its decomposition methods, and traditional and spatial Markov chain estimation methods, we identify the spatiotemporal disparities and dynamic transition characteristics of the contribution levels to national standard development across China's eight comprehensive economic zones. The findings provide a reference for promoting regional coordinated sustainable development and high-quality economic transformation.

Measuring High-sensitive Cardiac Troponin Concentrations Predicted Hospital Deaths in Children With Severe Coronavirus Disease 2019.

Background: Antiviral drugs and coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccines have significantly reduced COVID-19-related hospitalizations and deaths in infected children. However, COVID-19 continues to pose a major mortality risk in young children. High-sensitive cardiac troponin (Hs-cTn) is a specific marker of myocardial cell damage.

Multi-sphere Cascade DNA Reaction Amplified "On-Super On-Off" PEC Sensor for Sensitive Detection of Pax-5a Gene.

Pax-5a gene, as a nucleic acid biomarker closely associated with B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (B-ALL), holds significant potential for early disease diagnosis. In this study, we developed a highly accurate and efficient "on-super on-off" photoelectrochemical (PEC) biosensor based on a dual-photoelectrode heterojunction system integrated with a multisphere cascade DNA amplification strategy. The designed heterojunction dual-photoelectrode platform, comprising a InO/CdS photoanode (on state) and an in situ-formed MIL-68(In)/InO (MIO) photocathode, effectively extends the electron-hole transport pathway, enhances photogenerated charge separation, and produces high-amplitude signal output (super on state), thereby providing a robust baseline for signal transduction.

Medication multiple experiences of elderly patient with multiple chronic condition: A qualitative meta-synthesis.

Purpose: To determine the experience of medication multiple in elderly patients with multiple chronic condition by systematically reviewing, retrieving, and synthesizing data from qualitative studies.

Methods: Nine databases were systematically searched for relevant contributions from the time of construction until October 30, 2024. All qualitative studies in English and Chinese exploring the real-life experiences, feelings, etc, of medication multiple in elderly patients with multiple chronic condition were included.

Praeruptorin A alleviates DSS-induced acute ulcerative colitis in mice via the STAT-1/-3 pathway.

Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a serious inflammatory bowel disease with a significantly increasing incidence globally. Current treatment options often exhibit unstable efficacy and notable side effects, making the exploration of alternative therapies particularly important. Peucedanum praeruptorum Dunn, a traditional Chinese medicine, contains various bioactive compounds, among which praeruptorin A (PA) has garnered attention for its anti-inflammatory potential.

Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor pathway and key genes in cerebellar dysfunction induced by chronic intermittent alcohol exposure: a transcriptomic study.

Background: We conducted a transcriptomic analysis to examine cerebellar transcriptional changes in a mouse model of chronic intermittent alcohol exposure.

Methods: We established a mouse model of chronic intermittent alcohol exposure and conducted a cerebellar transcriptomic analysis. After identifying differentially expressed genes, we analyzed pathway enrichment using the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes and Gene Ontology.

Spindle Cell Spindle Sarcoma Harboring a Novel Gene Fusion.

Soft tissue sarcomas are a heterogeneous group of malignancies arising from mesenchymal cells. Recent advancements in genomic profiling have identified novel gene fusions in these tumors, offering new insights into their pathogenesis and potential therapeutic targets. Here, we describe a spindle cell sarcoma harboring a novel gene fusion.

Tunable Aggregate Morphologies from Perfluorodecanoic Acid and Hydroxyalkylamines: Role of Amine Architecture in Fluorocarbon-Hydrocarbon Self-Assembly.

The study of the self-assembly of surfactants in aqueous solutions, though a traditional field, remains fascinating and full of novelty. In this article, the anionic perfluorodecanoic acid surfactant (PFA) is separately complexed with three hydroxyalkylamines (monoethanolamine (MEA), diethylamine (DEA), and triethanolamine (TEA)) in aqueous solutions. The transformation of aggregate morphologies from spherical unilamellar to nanotubes and then to spherical bilamellar is observed at room temperature, which is confirmed by cryo-transmission electron microscopy (cryo-TEM).

Microbial Physiological Adaptation to Biodegradable Microplastics Drives the Transformation and Reactivity of Dissolved Organic Matter in Soil.

The turnover of dissolved organic matter (DOM) in soil regulated by biodegradable microplastics (MPs) has garnered much attention due to its profound impact on the storage and stability of soil organic matter. However, the transformation and reactivity of plant-derived and microbially derived DOM by microorganisms adapted to biodegradable MPs, and the involved microbial physiological processes, remain nearly unknown. Here, we added virgin and aged polylactic acid (PLA) and polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA) to agricultural soils and incubated for 56 days.

Integrating kidney function assessment into the clinical interpretation of plasma Alzheimer's disease biomarkers.

As plasma biomarkers like p-tau217 move towards clinical use in Alzheimer's disease (AD), it is important to understand how kidney function may influence their accuracy. Even mild chronic kidney disease (CKD) can alter biomarker levels, potentially impacting test performance. While accounting for renal function may improve specificity, it could reduce sensitivity without greatly changing overall diagnostic accuracy.

sp. nov., a novel halotolerant, flexirubin-type pigment-producing bacterium of the family .

A Gram-staining-negative, non-motile, aerobic, rod-shaped bacterium, designated 14752, was isolated from a saline lake in Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, China. The strain was subjected to a taxonomic study using a polyphasic approach. Strain 14752 was able to grow at 4-40 ℃ (optimum 28 ℃), pH 6.

Unraveling the link: Is Parkinson's disease a causal factor for glaucoma? Insights from Mendelian randomization.

BackgroundGlaucoma is recognized as the second-leading cause of complete blindness in developed countries and a significant contributor to irreversible vision loss worldwide. Understanding the potential genetic links between neurodegenerative diseases, such as Parkinson's disease, and glaucoma is crucial for developing preventive strategies.MethodsThis study utilized data from Genome-Wide Association Studies databases, focusing on European populations without gender restrictions.

Molecular engineering for bitterness masking of natural products: from decoding structure-taste relationships to structure-driven bitterness suppression.

Natural products have emerged as a vital source of active ingredients in medicine, food, and cosmetics due to their unique biological activities, safety profiles, and sustainability. However, most bioactive compounds in natural products are intensely bitter, limiting their use in pharmaceuticals and foods. The bitter taste attributes vary markedly among different compound classes, predominantly due to their structural characteristics.

Strategic Design of Aptamer-Guided Aggregation-Induced Emission Nanoparticles for Targeted Photodynamic Therapy in Breast Cancer.

Breast cancer (BC), characterized by its heterogeneity and diverse subtypes, necessitates personalized treatment strategies. This study presents MF3Ec-TBPP nanoparticles (NPs) as a promising approach, integrating an aggregation-induced emission (AIE)-based photosensitizer, TBPP, with the MF3Ec aptamer to enhance targeted photodynamic therapy (PDT) for Luminal A subtype BC cells. The nanoparticles also feature a 1, 2-distearoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine-poly(ethylene glycol) shell and dipalmitoyl phosphatidylcholine (DPPC), which stabilize the structure and inhibit singlet oxygen generation, effectively reducing off-target effects and protecting healthy tissues.

Global burden of osteoarthritis in middle-aged adults (40-59 years): estimates from the global burden of disease 2021 study.

Objectives: Osteoarthritis (OA) is a leading cause of chronic pain and disability worldwide, traditionally viewed as a disease of aging. However, emerging evidence highlights its increasing prevalence among middle-aged adults (40-59 years), a population critical to socioeconomic stability. This study is designed to assess the burden of OA among middle-aged adults.

Digital image encryption utilizing high-dimensional cellular neural networks and lower-upper triangular decomposition of matrix.

At present, significant progress has been made in the research of image encryption, but there are still some issues that need to be explored in key space, password generation and security verification, encryption schemes, and other aspects. Aiming at this, a digital image encryption algorithm was developed in this paper. This algorithm integrates six-dimensional cellular neural network with generalized chaos to generate pseudo-random numbers to generate the plaintext-related ciphers.

Prognostic value of combined monitoring of serum S100A12 and optic nerve sheath diameter in patients with traumatic intracranial hematoma: a single-center prospective observational study.

Objective: To investigate the prognostic significance of concurrent monitoring of serum S100 calcium-binding protein A12 (S100A12) and optic nerve sheath diameter (ONSD) in patients with traumatic intracranial hematoma.

Methods: This prospective observational study included 198 patients with traumatic intracranial hematoma from Xingtai Central Hospital (February 2022-June 2024). Serum S100A12 and ONSD were measured at admission and postoperatively, and patients received minimally invasive therapy.

Multimode neural population coding of diverse innate fear response by mitral and tufted cells.

Neurons that encode odor information are fundamental to innate fear processes, yet how mitral/tufted (M/T) cells encode innate fear remains unknown. Here, we identify three different response patterns of M/T cells in the dorsal olfactory bulb (dOB) during active avoidance elicited by non-dehydrogenated 2,4,5-trimethylthiazole (nTMT) through in vivo calcium imaging and multielectrode recordings in mice, including enhanced responses, suppressed responses, and no response. Remarkably, suppressed response M/T cells encode active avoidance, whereas suppressed and enhanced response M/T cells jointly encode passive freezing.

Small-scale in situ Hi-C protocol for early embryos to resolve the three-dimensional genome structure.

High-throughput chromosome conformation capture (Hi-C) provides genome-wide insights into chromatin interactions within the three-dimensional structure of the nucleus, making it a powerful tool for studying genome architecture. Here, we provide a modified in situ Hi-C protocol for small cell numbers, utilizing 50-100 embryonic cells at the 8-cell stage to investigate chromatin organization during bovine early embryonic development. This protocol overcomes the challenges of limited sample availability and offers valuable insights into chromatin dynamics during bovine early embryogenesis.

Preparation, Characterization and Drug Release Properties of 5-(p-Carboxyphenoxy) valeric Anhydride Microspheres Loaded with Nimodipine.

Nimodipine (NMP), a poorly water-soluble small-molecule agent, demonstrates notable therapeutic limitations in addressing cerebral vasospasm secondary to subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH). Owing to its inherent physicochemical properties characterized by low oral bioavailability, rapid elimination half-life, and extensive first-pass metabolism, conventional formulations necessitate frequent dosing regimens to sustain therapeutic plasma concentrations. These pharmacological challenges collectively result in suboptimal patient adherence, marked plasma concentration fluctuations, and recurrent vascular irritation.

Signal Peptide-Guided Delivery of a Mucin-Like Collagen Analogue for Periplasmic Barrier Reinforcement: A Platform for Enhancing Microbial Survival.

The environmental resistance exhibited by microorganisms is concerned with their ability to withstand and adapt to an array of detrimental environmental conditions, with their survival and reproductive success being threatened. Within the realm of biotechnology, which emphasizes stress resistance, a critical role in bacterial adaptive strategies to environmental fluctuations is assumed to be in the periplasmic space. An innovative methodology to augment bacterial tolerance to stress by employing a mucin-mimetic collagen analogue, designated as S1552 (which is secreted into the periplasmic compartment), is introduced by this investigation.

Silicate Enhances the Long-Term Dechlorination Performance of Sulfidized Zero-Valent Iron: Trade-Off between Passivation and In Situ Oxidation.

Sulfidized zero-valent iron (S-ZVI) holds promise in the remediation of chlorinated hydrocarbons. However, S-ZVI is susceptible to corrosion in aquifers with elevated dissolved oxygen (DO) levels. This study demonstrates, for the first time, that a trade-off between the passivation and oxidative corrosion of aged S-ZVI can be achieved in the presence of silicate to promote its dechlorination performance on trichloroethylene.

Calycosin improves insulin resistance by regulating the hsa-miR-324-3p/AKT pathway to inhibit FOXO3a nuclear transfer.

To study the effects of calycosin on palmitic acid-induced HepG2 cells, as well as the potential mechanisms of action. Potential targets of calycosin for the alleviation of insulin resistance were predicted by network pharmacology. Glucose concentration in the culture medium was determined by the GOD-POD method.