Enhanced corrosion inhibition of S235JR steel using anionic clay-phenolic extract hybrids: findings of synergistic action.

Corrosion of mild steel in marine environments poses a major challenge for industrial sustainability. This study aims to develop an eco-friendly corrosion protection approach by combining phenolic extracts (PE) from extremophile plants with Zn₂-Al-layered double hydroxides (LDH) to form hybrid inhibitors for S235JR steel in artificial seawater (3.5% NaCl).

Phosphatidylserine translocation, cholesterol spatial distribution, and acrosome reaction reliably distinguish sperm capacitation from cryoinjury in bovine sperm.

Sperm capacitation is a critical process for successful fertilization, involving multiple regulated cellular changes. On the other hand, cryopreservation induces membrane changes that can mimic capacitation, potentially leading to misinterpretation of sperm function. Distinguishing true capacitation from cryoinjury remains challenging, as both share surface markers despite involving distinct mechanisms and impacts on fertilization.

Enabling Fluorescence Lifetime Imaging Multiplexing Using UnaG through Its Modification with Canonical and Noncanonical Amino Acids.

Fluorogen-activating proteins are powerful molecular tools for microscopy, including functional imaging. These proteins serve as an alternative to GFP-like proteins, as they do not require oxygen for chromophore maturation. However, the restricted selectivity of proteins to chromophores, combined with the limited number of spectral channels of conventional fluorescent microscopes, hinders the development of multicolor synthetic dyes.

Taxonomic and metabolic diversity of microbial communities in a thermal water stream in Uzbekistan and proposal of two new classes of uncultivated bacteria, Desulfocorpusculia class. nov. and Tepidihabitantia class. nov., named following the rules of SeqCode.

Thermal ecosystems in Uzbekistan remain poorly characterized, particularly through culture-independent approaches. In this study, we performed 16S rRNA gene metabarcoding and metagenomic sequencing of microbial communities from a hot stream formed by the discharge of thermal artesian groundwater in the Navoiy region. The taxonomic composition of microbial communities varied with temperature and sample type, with the phylum Chloroflexota abundant in most samples.

Global trends, regional variations, and future projections of type 1 diabetes mellitus burden among women of reproductive age: A comprehensive analysis from 1990 to 2040.

Background And Aim: Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) is an autoimmune disease, which has a heavy disease burden and seriously affects the reproductive health of women of reproductive age. Therefore, this study assessed the disease burden of T1DM among women of reproductive age worldwide.

Methods And Results: This study extracted the incidence, prevalence, disability adjusted life years (DALYs) and deaths data of T1DM in women of reproductive age from the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) database from 1990 to 2021.

Isolation of Ultra-Small -Affiliated Verrucomicrobia from a Methane-Fed Bioreactor.

The bacterial phylum accommodates free-living and symbiotic microorganisms, which inhabit a wide range of environments and specialize in polysaccharide degradation. Due to difficulties in cultivation, much of the currently available knowledge about these bacteria originated from cultivation-independent studies. A phylogenetic clade defined by the free-living bacterium from oilsands tailings pond, , and the symbiont of the tunicate sp.

Attempt to Quantify Molecules of Host Plant Volatiles Evoking an Electroantennographic Response in Antennae.

, is one of the most devastating wood borers of many broad leaf trees. Our previous results indicated that antennae of showed electroantennogram (EAG) responses to several host plant volatiles. However, the quantities of active compounds necessary to trigger an EAG response remains unclear.

Role of Tpm Isoforms Produced by the Gene in the Regulation of Actin Filament Dynamics by Cofilin.

The actin cytoskeleton determines a huge number of intracellular processes, as well as maintaining the cell shape, transport, formation of intercellular contacts, etc. The actin cytoskeleton's function is largely determined by actin-binding proteins. Here, the mutual influence of two actin-binding proteins, cofilin (cof) and tropomyosin (Tpm), is studied.

Transposable element expression and sub-cellular dynamics during hPSC differentiation to endoderm, mesoderm, and ectoderm lineages.

Transposable elements (TEs) are genomic elements present in multiple copies in mammalian genomes. TEs were thought to have little functional relevance but recent studies report roles in biological processes, including embryonic development. To investigate the expression dynamics of TEs during human early development, we generated long-read sequence data from human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs) in vitro differentiated to endoderm, mesoderm, and ectoderm lineages to construct lineage-specific transcriptome assemblies and accurately place TE sequences.

Proteomic Insights Into the Mitigating Effects of Grape Seed Extract on High-Fat Diet-Induced Cardiac Metabolic Alterations.

Prevention and treatment of obesity using nutritional supplements became a realistic and effective approach. The present work aims at the assessment of the potential protection afforded by grape seed extract (GSE) on the rat cardiac proteome using a proteomic approach. Using a rodent model of obesity, we performed a comparative quantitative proteomic approach of heart samples from standard, high-fat diet (HFD) and HFD+GSE groups.

Fungal Laccases with High and Medium Redox Potential: Is the T1 Center Potential a Key Characteristic of Catalytic Efficiency in Heterogeneous and Homogeneous Reactions?

Catalytic and bioelectrocatalytic properties of four white rot fungal laccases (, ThL; , CcL; , SmL; and , AfL) from different orthologous groups were comparatively studied in homogeneous reactions of electron donor substrate oxidation and in a heterogeneous reaction of dioxygen electroreduction. The ThL and CcL laccases belong to high-redox-potential enzymes (E = 780 mV), while the AfL and SmL laccases are medium-redox-potential enzymes (E = 620 and 650 mV). We evaluated the efficiency of laccases in mediatorless bioelectrocatalytic dioxygen reduction by the steady-state potential (E), onset potential (E), half-wave potential (E), and the slope of the linear segment of the polarization curve.

Exploring Urinary Tract Injuries in Gynecological Surgery: Current Insights and Future Directions.

Iatrogenic urinary tract injury is a known complication of pelvic surgery, most commonly occurring during gynecological procedures. The bladder and ureters are particularly vulnerable due to their close anatomical proximity to the uterus. Urinary tract damage can result from various mechanisms, including laceration, ligation, and thermal injury.

Deciphering crop-specific rhizobacteriome assembly in cotton, sorghum, and soybean under hot semi-arid field conditions in Texas.

Background: Different crops may recruit specific rhizosphere microbiomes that support their survival under unfavorable conditions, including hot semi-arid climates. However, the processes driving microbiome assembly within different crops and their adaptation to such extreme environmental conditions remain poorly understood. This study investigates whether upland cotton (Gossypium hirsutum), sorghum (Sorghum bicolor), and soybean (Glycine max) recruit distinct or overlapping rhizospheric bacterial communities under hot semi-arid conditions in Lubbock, Texas, United States, with a focus on their potential role in enhancing crop resilience.

Investigation into relationship between etiology of dilated cardiomyopathy and type, patterns and course of fibrosis reveals fibrosis progression in genetic patients.

Background: Dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) is a highly heterogenous condition, resulting from both genetic and non-genetic mechanisms. However, little is known about the amount, pattern and time course profile of fibrosis in DCM patients and different etiology.

Aims: To evaluate the type, pattern and course of fibrosis assessed with late gadolinium enhancement (LGE) and extracellular volume (ECV) on cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) in patients with DCM of different etiologies.

Highly porous biochar engineered from agricultural waste for efficient removal of sulfonylurea herbicides in aqueous systems.

Pesticide contamination in aquatic environments, particularly due to sulfonylurea herbicides, has become a growing concern. Herein, a highly porous biochar was synthesized using potassium bicarbonate (KHCO) as a green activating agent through a one-step pyrolysis and acid washing process. Among the different samples, KBC-6 exhibited the highest specific surface area (3548.

Adaptive responses of IEGM 1277 to the action of meloxicam and its efficient biodegradation.

Introduction: Pharmaceutical contaminants such as meloxicam pose significant environmental risks due to their persistence and toxicity. The biodegradation potential of actinomycetes, particularly representatives of , offers promising avenues for eco-friendly wastewater treatment. However, the ability of to fully degrade meloxicam has not been previously demonstrated.

Cyanobacterial mats and their associated microbiomes in saline and freshwater lakes from the Bolivian Altiplano.

The Bolivian Altiplano presents extreme environmental conditions, including high altitude, intense UV radiation, low precipitation, freezing temperatures, and saline to alkaline waters. Despite these harsh settings, cyanobacteria thrive in microbial mats, although their diversity remains poorly characterized. This study aimed to explore the morphological and molecular diversity of cyanobacterial mats and their associated microbiomes in saline and freshwater ecosystems of the Bolivian Altiplano.

Behavioral Analysis of Locomotor Dysfunction in Drosophila melanogaster as a Readout for Neurotoxicity.

This protocol presents a high-throughput, cost-effective method for assessing neurotoxicity in the fruit fly (Drosophila melanogaster) by quantifying locomotor dysfunction. Traditional mammalian models, while effective, are resource-intensive and ethically constrained, highlighting the need for alternative in vivo models. The present approach integrates the classic climbing assay with real-time monitoring platform to capture motor impairments in individual flies.

Molecular, Phylogenetic, and Chemistry Characterization and In Vitro Evaluation of the Antioxidant and Cytotoxicity Potential of Cyclocybe cylindracea Strain TMES42 (Agaricomycetes) from Algeria.

The current study is a first report on the phylogenetic and the medicinal properties of an Algerian mushroom Cyclocybe cylindracea strain TMES42. Different extracts were obtained from sequential liquid-liquid extraction using three solvents of increasing polarity (chloroform, ethyl acetate and butanol). Antioxidant potential was evaluated using different methods (DPPH, ABTS, FRAP, and phenanthroline assays).

Interleukin Activity in Miscarried Women with Toxoplasmosis and Anti Thyroid Peroxidase (Anti-TPO).

Background: We aimed to investigate the presence of thyroid peroxidase antibodies (anti-TPO) in women with spontaneous abortion, both with and without toxoplasmosis. This was achieved by evaluating and comparing the serum levels of interleukins IL-4, IL-6, IL-10, IL-17, and TNF-α in women who experienced abortion due to toxoplasmosis, categorized by positive and negative anti-TPO status, with those who were toxoplasmosis-negative and also negative for anti-TPO.

Methods: We evaluated the serological presence of IgG and IgM antibodies to using an ELISA method, in Samarra City, Salah al-Din Governorate, Iraq in 2021-2022.

Antifungal and anti-toxigenic activities of Origanum onites and Thymus capitatus essential oils and ethanolic extracts against mycotoxigenic fungi isolated from barley.

With the purpose of identifying biological substances for controlling Aspergillus-caused aflatoxin B1 and ochratoxin A contamination in cereals, particularly in barley, we assessed the efficiencies of Origanum onites and Thymus capitatus essential oils (EOs) and ethanolic extracts (EEs) under in vitro conditions. NMR and GC-TOF-MS analysis revealed the metabolite profiles with carvacrol being the major component in both EOs, and various terpenes, carbohydrates, phenols, flavonoids, and alcohols in the complex EEs. All tested EOs and EEs completely inhibited mycelial growth, sporulation, and mycotoxin production in vitro, albeit at different concentrations: O.

Genome MLST scheme for tracing genetic diversity and multidrug resistance of food animal-derived .

is an important food-borne anaerobic bacterium that can cause chronic disease in humans and animals. The complex toxins that it produces can cause diarrhea, necrotizing enteritis, and even death. This study aimed to evaluate the presence of antibiotic resistance genes and determinants of toxin production in various strains of , derived from different geographical locations and animal sources, through whole-genome sequencing (WGS) and bioinformatics analysis.

Effects of Endosymbionts on the Nutritional Physiology and Biological Characteristics of Whitefly .

Insects and their endosymbionts have a close mutualistic relationship. However, the precise nature of the bacterial endosymbiont-mediated interaction between host plants and whitefly MEAM1 is still unclear. In the present study, six populations of MEAM1 sharing the same genetic background were established by rearing insects for ten generations on different host plants, including poinsettia, cabbage, cotton, tomato, and tobacco, and an additional population was reared on cotton and treated with antibiotics.

Enhanced immunochromatographic assay of tetracycline using intrinsic peroxidase-like activity of gold nanoparticles.

Tetracycline (TC) is a broad-spectrum antibiotic widely used in animal husbandry that may contaminate foodstuffs. In this study, a highly sensitive immunochromatographic assay (ICA) for TC was developed and applied to test meat samples. The assay utilized an indirect competitive format, with conjugates of anti-species antibodies and gold nanoparticles (GNPs) used to label specific immune complexes.