Using robotic single-port vNOTES for gynaecological oncology: omentectomy in a patient with an ovarian granulosa cell tumor-a case study.

Background: Robotic single-port transvaginal natural orifice transluminal endoscopic surgery (RSP-vNOTES) is an emerging minimally invasive approach that combines the advantages of robotic surgery with scarless transvaginal access. Its application in gynecologic oncology remains limited, particularly for omentectomy during ovarian cancer staging.

Methods: We present the case of a 45-year-old woman with an ovarian granulosa cell tumor (GCT) who underwent supplemental staging surgery following unilateral oophorectomy.

Association of preoperative nocturnal hypoxaemia nadir and fentanyl ventilatory sensitivity in children with obstructive sleep apnoea undergoing general anaesthesia: multicentre clinical cohort study.

Background: Obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) has been thought to increase the risk of respiratory depression from opioids. The primary aim of this study was to assess whether preoperative hypoxaemia by sleep study pulse oximetry imparts greater opioid sensitivity.

Methods: A multicentre observational cohort study with in-cohort dose randomisation was performed in children 2-8 yr of age with OSA undergoing adenotonsillectomy.

Exploration of zileuton protective mechanisms against vancomycin-associated nephrotoxicity.

Vancomycin is one of the most commonly used parenteral antibiotics for treating drug-resistant bacterial infections, however, it is hindered by nephrotoxicity. We previously demonstrated that zileuton could delay the onset of vancomycin-associated nephrotoxicity in rats. Here, we sought to understand the mechanism(s) of zileuton renal protection.

The microstructure of metastatic bone lesions suggests tumor mediated alterations in bone mineralization.

Breast, prostate and lung cancer cells frequently metastasize to bone, leading to disruption of the bone microstructure. This study utilized mechanical testing with micro-CT imaging, digital volume correlation (DVC), and atomic force microscopy (AFM) nanomechanical testing to examine the mechanical property variations in mouse long bones (tibia) with metastatic lung cancer cell involvement, spanning from the whole-bone scale to the microstructural level. In addition, we also investigated how metastatic invasion alters the morphology of hydroxyapatite nanocrystals in bone at the nanometer scale.

Impact of obesity on surgical outcomes for robotic‑assisted transvaginal natural orifice transluminal endoscopic surgery (RA-vNOTES) hysterectomy.

Objective: To investigate the impact of obesity on surgical outcomes following robotic-assisted transvaginal natural orifice transluminal endoscopic surgery (RA-vNOTES) for hysterectomy.

Design: Retrospective cohort.

Setting: Single academic tertiary care hospital in Houston, Texas, USA.

Health-Related Quality-of-Life Outcomes for Upper Blepharoplasty and Blepharoptosis Surgery: A Report by the American Academy of Ophthalmology.

Purpose: To review the literature and identify the health-related quality-of-life (HRQL) outcomes that used a validated instrument in the assessment of upper blepharoplasty, blepharoptosis surgery, or combination surgery.

Methods: A literature search was last conducted in the PubMed database in January 2025 to identify all studies in the English language investigating HRQL outcomes that used a validated instrument in the assessment of upper blepharoplasty, blepharoptosis surgery, or combination surgery. The literature search yielded 773 citations, and 20 studies met the inclusion criteria.

Time-Series Elemental Imaging Reveals CAX-Dependent Redistribution Patterns for Anoxia Recovery.

Flooding-induced oxygen deprivation (anoxia) is a challenge to plant survival, necessitating adaptive mechanisms for recovery. This study investigates elemental redistribution during anoxia recovery using time-series elemental imaging to show changes in nutrient distribution. Focusing on the role of Cation/H⁺ Exchangers (CAXs) in Arabidopsis thaliana, we show how mutants deficient in specific CAX transporters (cax1 and the cax1-4 quadruple mutant; qKO) respond to anoxia and metal stress.

Association of PM Exposure on Birthweight: Racial and Ethnic Disparities.

Background: The few studies that have examined the impact of PM on reduced birthweight across different percentiles of the conditional birthweight distribution have produced equivocal findings, and only two assessed whether these associations varied by race/ethnicity or by racial/ethnic composition of the neighbourhood where mothers lived.

Objective: We evaluated racial/ethnic differences in the association between prenatal PM exposure and birthweight across the birthweight distribution in a retrospective cohort study comprising 102,986 full-term singleton births in Harris County, Texas (2019-2020).

Methods: Census tract-level daily PM concentrations were estimated using 'XGBoost-IDW Synthesis', and averaged exposures over pregnancy.

Advanced Glycation End-Product Carboxymethyl-Lysine and Incident Heart Failure and Atrial Fibrillation in Older Adults.

Background: Advanced glycation end-products result from chemical modification of proteins under conditions of hyperglycemia or oxidative stress common with advancing age. Advanced glycation end-product (AGE) formation alters vascular and cardiac structure and function, yet the prospective associations of circulating AGEs with heart failure (HF) and atrial fibrillation (AF) have not been studied.

Methods: We evaluated the associations of serum N-carboxymethyl-lysine (CML), a major AGE in tissue proteins, and incident HF and AF in the CHS (Cardiovascular Health Study), a population-based cohort of older adults.

Clinical exome sequencing efficacy and phenotypic expansions involving non-isolated congenital anomalies of kidney and urinary tract (CAKUT+).

Congenital Anomalies of Kidney and Urinary Tract (CAKUT) can occur in isolation or in conjunction with one or more non-CAKUT associated congenital anomalies or neurodevelopmental disorders (CAKUT+). A molecular cause is not identified in most individuals with CAKUT+. This is due, in part, to uncertainty regarding the efficacy of genetic testing and an incomplete understanding of the genes that cause CAKUT+.

Guidelines for the Standardization of Adult Echocardiography Reporting: Recommendations From the American Society of Echocardiography.

The American Society of Echocardiography (ASE) plays a vital role in establishing practice standards and guidelines within the echocardiography field. Its influence is comprehensive, covering training, image acquisition, nomenclature, measurements, diagnosis, and quality improvement. This report focuses on the final phases of the diagnostic imaging process, specifically reporting and communicating exam results.

Upper gastrointestinal symptoms and Gulf War Illness in a clinical cohort of US veterans: a retrospective, cross-sectional study.

Objective: Approximately 30% of the 700 000 US Gulf War Veterans (GWVs) report symptoms collectively termed Gulf War Illness (GWI), a multisymptom illness of uncertain pathophysiology. Prior studies in GWI focus on overlap with irritable bowel syndrome. This study examines the associations between upper gastrointestinal (UGI) symptoms, GWI and specialty GI care.

Coalescing single-cell genomes and transcriptomes to decode breast cancer progression.

Understanding epithelial lineages of breast cancer and genotype-phenotype relationships requires direct measurements of the genome and transcriptome of the same single cells at scale. To achieve this, we developed wellDR-seq, a high-genomic-resolution, high-throughput method to simultaneously profile the genome and transcriptome of thousands of single cells. We profiled 33,646 single cells from 12 estrogen-receptor-positive breast cancers and identified ancestral subclones in multiple patients that showed a luminal hormone-responsive lineage, indicating a potential cell of origin.

The evolving landscape of targets for lipid lowering: from molecular mechanisms to translational implications.

Cardiovascular disease remains a major global health challenge, with dyslipidaemia being a key modifiable risk factor. While low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) is the primary target for lipid-lowering therapies, recent evidence highlights the importance of triglycerides, apolipoprotein B (apoB), and lipoprotein(a) [Lp(a)] for residual cardiovascular risk. Current lipid-lowering therapies target key enzymes and proteins involved in cholesterol and lipid metabolism.

Chronic Ocular Surface Pain: An Optometrist and Ophthalmologist Survey.

Introduction: Chronic ocular surface pain (COSP) is defined as ocular pain that is perceived to originate from the ocular surface and persists for more than 3 months. Clear epidemiological data on COSP prevalence are lacking.

Methods: In 2025, a total of 100 eye care providers were surveyed, including 50 optometrists and 50 ophthalmologists.

Exposing the Risk: Identifying Perspectives on Skin Cancer Awareness and Prevention Opportunities Among Hispanic Outdoor Workers.

Introduction: Hispanics are over-represented in outdoor occupations; therefore they face an elevated risk of skin cancer. However, there is limited research examining these workers' self-risk perceptions and sun-protective behaviors. This study explores Hispanic outdoor workers' knowledge, attitudes, barriers, and facilitators for engaging in sun-protective behaviors to inform a culturally-tailored intervention.

What Is Clinical Empathy in Anesthesiology? Perspectives From Practicing Anesthesiologists.

Background: To train and encourage providers to be more empathic, it is crucial to first understand what behaviors providers consider acts of empathy in clinical practice. Research has asked this important question of patients and certain physician specialties, but has left out a unique physician population-anesthesiologists. Given the link between patients' preoperative anxiety and poorer postoperative outcomes, anesthesiologists' ability to address patients' needs effectively, particularly during shorter interactions with new patients, may impact patient outcomes.

Epidemiology of Early-onset Colorectal Cancer in a Safety-net Hospital System in Texas.

Goals: We aimed to characterize risk factors for early versus advanced-stage early-onset colorectal cancer (eoCRC) at our safety-net hospital system.

Background: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third leading cause of cancer-related deaths in the United States. Rates of CRC diagnosis in young adults (age below 50) have been rising despite an overall decrease in CRC.

Establishing best practices guidelines for collaborative research in global surgery: developing a Delphi survey.

Background: Collaborative research in global surgery has resulted in the rapid development of the field via knowledge creation and dissemination, research capacity building, and direct improvements in the delivery of clinical care. Yet the establishment and maintenance of trans-boundary collaborations carries significant risk to health systems, clinicians, patients, and researchers, particularly if such collaborations are not developed thoughtfully and with appropriate guardrails. In recent years, there has been significant growth in the literature on the pervasiveness and impact of neocolonialism on global health research.