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http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.immuni.2025.08.012 | DOI Listing |
Brain Behav Immun
September 2025
A.I. Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, 70211 Kuopio, Finland. Electronic address:
Microglia, brain-resident immune cells, are involved in pathophysiology of several neurodegenerative diseases, including Parkinson's disease. Given significant species-specific differences in microglia gene expression, particularly in disease-risk genes, as well as the highly reactive nature of these cells, studying human microglia in a whole brain environment is essential. Here, we established a humanized mouse model by transplanting human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived hematopoietic progenitor cells into the striatum of immunodeficient adult mice and injected human alpha-synuclein preformed fibrils to model Parkinson's disease pathology.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCNS Neurosci Ther
September 2025
Medical College of Acu-Moxi, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, China.
Aim: The occurrence of myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury (MIRI) is accompanied by neuroinflammatory reactions and is closely related to the overactivation of microglia. Currently, effective clinical strategies to prevent MIRI are unclear. This study investigated potential therapeutic targets and the mechanisms of electroacupuncture pretreatment (EA-pre) for MIRI.
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August 2025
Department of Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, 14642, USA.
The hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus (PVN) integrates neuroendocrine and autonomic signals that regulate blood pressure and metabolism. Although the renin-angiotensin system (RAS) is implicated in neurogenic hypertension and obesity, cell-type-specific expression and regulation of its components within the PVN remain poorly understood. Here, we employed single-nucleus RNA sequencing (snRNA-seq) to profile the transcriptomic landscape of the PVN in male mice under baseline conditions and in models of DOCA-salt-induced hypertension and high-fat diet (HFD)-induced obesity.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFHistol Histopathol
August 2025
Stem Cells and Biotherapy Engineering Research Center of Henan, National Joint Engineering Laboratory of Stem Cells and Biotherapy, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China.
Microglia are innate immune cells in the central nervous system (CNS) and play critical roles in proper brain development and function. During postnatal development, microglia have a highly plastic morphology and change rapidly in response to the temporal brain environment. However, their dynamics and phenotypes during this period are still not fully elucidated.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFInt J Mol Sci
August 2025
Department of Environmental Medicine, University of Rochester Medical School, Rochester, NY 14642, USA.
Currently regulated per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) have been associated with immune, endocrine, and neurotoxicity following gestational exposures. As a result, industries have effectively replaced them with next-generation PFAS, including perfluorohexanoic acid (PFHxA). PFHxA is increasingly found in the serum of pregnant women and in breast milk, and adult human post-mortem studies indicate that PFHxA is found in the brain, with the highest concentrations in the cerebellum and hypothalamus.
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