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Background: Parents' experiences and their relationship to their baby undergo various changes over the course of the first year. This is particularly the case for mothers, who still tend to take on the primary caregiver role in most families in the UK. Better understanding the changes mothers experience in the first year is of importance given the impact of the parent-infant relationship for children's socio-emotional development.
Methods: This qualitative longitudinal study explored first-time mothers' experience of parenting confidence and relationship with their baby from their third trimester of pregnancy to the end of their babies' first year of life. This study also examined trajectories of relevant consistent parenting factors: perceived social support, relationship with partner, expectations, and coping mechanisms. The sample consisted of ten first-time expectant mothers from a low-risk community urban sample, all White, the majority married or in committed relationships and with higher education. Participants were interviewed at four time periods (prenatal, 1-, 6-, and 12-months).
Results: The findings indicate that in this homogenous, low-risk sample, most mothers' parenting confidence improved with time, as did their relationship with their baby. However, most faced many changes in their experiences where, overall, the first six months after birth were the most challenging with many mothers feeling disconnected or having strong shifts in their views of relationship with their baby, feeling unsure about how to parent, having unmet prenatal expectations, and diminished partner support.
Conclusion: This study demonstrates the complexity of change at multiple levels, both within individuals and within the 15 months of transitioning to motherhood. Consideration of these changes can help inform maternity services and mental health and social care professionals working with expectant parents and those in early parenthood to improve parenting confidence and mother-infant relationships.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12884-025-07683-0 | DOI Listing |
J Affect Disord
September 2025
Department of Psychology, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada; Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute (ACHRI), Calgary, AB, Canada; Department of Educational and Counselling Psychology, and Special Education (ECPS), University of British Columbia, BC, Canada.
Background: Perinatal depression has been linked to higher negative affectivity (NA) in children, though the strength of this association is variable. Infant sleep, a known protective factor, may moderate this relationship though this has not been tested.
Objective: To examine whether within-person changes in depressive symptoms across pregnancy and postpartum were linked to child NA, and whether infant sleep duration moderated these effects.
J Nutr
September 2025
Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, Centre National de Recherche en Génomique Humaine (CNRGH), 91057 Evry, France. Electronic address:
Background: Breast milk represents the optimal feeding strategy for newborns, supporting not only nutrition but also the establishment of a unique microbiota. The bacterial composition and diversity of this microbiota are shaped by various maternal and infant-related factors.
Objectives: This single-center prospective study aimed to examine the breast milk microbiota and determine the maternal and infant-related factors influencing its composition and diversity over the time.
Ann Epidemiol
September 2025
School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, China. Electronic address:
Purpose: We estimated the association between maternal sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) and the risk of specific birth defects among live singleton births in the United States (US).
Methods: We conducted a population-based study using data from birth certificates for 14,602,822 live singleton births occurring from 2016 to 2019 in the US. We used logistic regression to estimate the associations between three maternal STDs (chlamydia, gonorrhea, and syphilis) and the risk of four specific birth defects (gastroschisis, cleft lip with or without cleft palate, spina bifida, and hypospadias), adjusting for socio-demographic and pregnancy-related factors.
Int J Obstet Anesth
August 2025
Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, United States. Electronic address:
Introduction: Patient priorities for anesthesia during a cesarean delivery are not well defined. Previous studies have explored patient preferences for cesarean delivery anesthesia but have not evaluated patient-centered endpoints unrelated to the physical experience which are known to be important to patients' birth experiences, such as being treated with respect, communication, and emotional support. The purpose of this study was to compare patients' and providers' priorities for cesarean delivery anesthesia care.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSoc Psychiatry Psychiatr Epidemiol
September 2025
Centre for Global Mental Health, Health Service and Population Research Department, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK.
Purpose: Understanding the mechanisms through which poverty influences perinatal depression can provide insight into how to develop interventions to improve maternal mental health. To address this question, we aim to estimate indirect effects of important mediators on the causal relationship between food insecurity and symptoms of postnatal depression.
Methods: We used data from the control arm of the Africa Focus on Intervention Research for Mental health - South Africa (AFFIRM-SA) trial that included pregnant women with perinatal depression.