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Article Abstract
Methanogens play a critical role in global methane (CH) emissions from rice paddy ecosystems. Through the integration of metagenomic analysis and meta-analysis, we constructed a CRISPR spacer database comprising 14 475 spacers derived from 351 methanogenic genomes. This enabled the identification of viruses targeting key methanogenic families prevalent in rice paddies, including , , , , and . We identified 419 virus-host linkages involving 56 methanogenic host species and 189 viruses, spanning the families , , , , and , along with 126 unclassified viral entities. These findings highlight a virome composition that is markedly distinct from those observed in gut environments. Cross-infection patterns were supported by the presence of specific viruses predicted to infect multiple closely related methanogenic species. Evidence for potential virus-host coevolution was observed in 24 viruses encoding anti-CRISPR proteins, likely facilitating evasion of host CRISPR-mediated immunity. Collectively, this study reveals a complex and dynamic network of virus-host interactions shaping methanogen communities in rice paddy ecosystems.
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| http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12143468 | PMC |
| http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ismeco/ycaf088 | DOI Listing |
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