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The immunoregulator β-glucan produces antidepressant effects through microglia-mobilized astrocytic P2Y1R-BDNF signaling in the dentate gyrus.
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β-Glucan, a polysaccharide from Saccharomyces cerevisiae with immunomodulatory activities that may not trigger pro-inflammatory responses in microglia, has been reported to show rapid antidepressant effects in chronically stressed animals by restoring microglial function in the dentate gyrus. However, the mechanisms underlying this effect of β-glucan are still largely unclear. Considering the importance of astrocytic purinergic 2Y1 receptors (P2Y1Rs) and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) in the antidepressant effects of microglial stimulation, we hypothesize that β-glucan produces antidepressant effects by mobilizing astrocytic P2Y1R-triggered BDNF signaling in the hippocampus.
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