Neuroprotective potential of fortunellin against titanium dioxide nanoparticles induced neurotoxicity via regulating NLRP3, HMGB1/RAGE, and NF-κB pathway: A biochemical, histological and in-silico experimentation.

Titanium dioxide nanoparticles (TiO-NPs) are used in the production of various industrial and commercial products and reported to cause neurotoxicity in Sprague Dawley rats. Fortunellin (FRN) is a potent flavonoid with diverse biological properties. This research experiment was performed to explore the protective role FRN against TiO-NPs induced brain damage.

Biogenic synthesis of ZnO NPs, CuO NPs, and ZnO/CuO nanocomposites for facile degradation of organic pollutants and biomedical applications.

The continuous increase in population and industrial activity in several areas, including textiles, leather, plastics, cosmetics, and food processing, produces harmful organic pollutants such as azo dyes, which are harmful to aquatic life and cause water pollution. The remediation of these dyes using photo-responsive metallic nanoparticles (NPs) has become a viable technique for the purification of water. This study synthesized ZnO NPs, CuO NPs, and ZnO/CuO nanocomposites using leaf extract.

Comparative Effectiveness of Dual Antiplatelet Therapy Versus Single Antiplatelet Therapy in Patients With Acute Stroke.

This retrospective observational cohort study aimed to evaluate the comparative effectiveness of dual antiplatelet therapy (DAPT) versus single antiplatelet therapy (SAPT) in patients presenting with acute stroke at a tertiary care center in Muzaffarabad. A total of 250 patients aged 40-89 years (mean age=63.89; n=136; 54.

Casuarinin modulates renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system to counter ephedrine-induced myocardial damage in rats.

Ephedrine (EPH) is a sympathomimetic drug that showed adverse effects on different body organs such as heart. Casuarinin (CAS) is a polyphenolic agent that exhibits various biological as well as pharmacological properties. The current research was performed to explore the mitigative attributes of CAS against EPH instigated sub-chronic cardiotoxicity.

Green Synthesis of Zinc Oxide-Graphene Oxide Composite via and Methods for the Photoassisted Removal of Congo Red Dye: A Comparative Study.

Industrial chemical pollutants, such as Congo red (CR) dye, are released into water in large amounts, posing a serious threat to the ecosystem. To deal with this issue, we aimed to synthesize an environmentally friendly nanocatalyst, especially zinc oxide (ZnO) and ZnO-decorated graphene oxide (I-ZnO@GO), using extract as a reducing agent, graphene oxide (GO) was synthesized by a modified hummer method, while ZnO-decorated-GO (E-ZnO@GO) was prepared via a simple coprecipitation method. These nanocomposites were then used for the photoassisted removal of Congo red dye from wastewater.

One-Pot Approach Towards Peptoids Synthesis Using 1,4-Dithiane-2,5-Diol via Multicomponent Approach and DFT-Based Computational Analysis.

Peptoids are peptidomimetics in which the side chain is attached to the nitrogen of the amide group rather than the -carbon. This alteration in the backbone structure is highly valued because it endows beneficial properties, including enhanced resistance to proteolysis, greater immunogenicity, improved biostability, and superior bioavailability. In this current study, we focused on the Ugi-4CR-based one-pot synthesis of peptoids using 1,4-dithiane-2,5-diol as the carbonyl component together with amine, carboxylic acid, and isocyanides.

Proteomic characterization of major fish allergy responsive protein parvalbumins in Hilsa ( ): A commercially important fish in Southeast Asia.

The protein parvalbumin (PRV)-beta (PRVB) is the primary cause of food allergies to bony fish. Although PRVB is a well-characterized protein in many bony fishes, little is known about the Hilsa, an anadromous fish with great economic importance and predominantly found in Southeast Asia. In this study, we characterized the Hilsa PRV utilizing various proteomic approaches in response to two major riverine habitats and developmental stages.

Syringetin ameliorates thallium sulphate induced renal dysfunction via regulating Nrf2/Keap-1, TLR4/HMGB1/RAGE and NF-κB pathway.

Thallium sulphate (TLM) is a highly hazardous metal known to induce severe renal damage. Syringetin (SGN) is a naturally derived polyphenolic compound that demonstrates excellent medicinal properties. This research trial was conducted to determine the nephroprotective ability of SGN to inhibit TLM induced renal toxicity in rats by assessing different parameters including oxidative stress, apoptotic and inflammatory markers as well as histo-morphological parameters.

Toward resilient cities: Mapping the interconnected factors shaping urbanization in a dual analysis framework.

Utilizing the Push and Pull theory, this study examines the impact of socio-economic disparities and natural disasters on migration and urbanization. With a global significance, the shift of population from rural to urban areas carries profound implications for societies and economies. In the specific context of Pakistan, the research delves into the driving forces behind the rapid urbanization in Karachi and Quetta.

Conservation from the root: awareness-raising activities to conserve the Endangered Bengal slow loris (Nycticebus bengalensis) in Bangladesh.

Bengal slow loris (Nycticebus bengalensis) is the only nocturnal primate of Bangladesh, classed as Endangered both regionally and globally. One of the barriers to conserving this species is that its wild behaviour is little known, alongside local people being less aware of it due to its nocturnal habits. As part of our long-term ecological studies of the species, from June 2020 to November 2022, we arranged three awareness programs in three forest patches of northeast and one in southeast Bangladesh to overcome these issues.

Excessive fluid resuscitation is associated with intensive care unit mortality in Pakistani patients with dengue shock syndrome.

Background: The mortality of severe dengue infections is approximately 23%. In the management of dengue shock syndrome (DSS), aggressive fluid resuscitation is recommended. The primary objective of our study was to assess the factors associated with 30-day mortality in DSS patients.

based green synthesis of multifunctional silver nanoparticles for dual sensing of mercury and ferric ions, photocatalysis, and biomedical applications.

Health and environmental concerns are often raised by the development of antibiotic resistance and water contamination from various aquatic contaminants, including antibiotic residues, dyes, and heavy metal ions. This paper outlines a facile, affordable, and eco-friendly way to address these issues by green synthesis of silver nanoparticles (CT@AgNPs) under sunlight irradiation using leaf extract (CTLE), known for its medicinal properties. The greenly synthesized CT@AgNPs exhibited antioxidant, antibacterial, and photocatalytic properties and were an effective nanoprobe for the selective detection of Fe and Hg in water.

Pharmacotherapeutic role of astringin against chromium induced nephrotoxicity via modulating TLR4/MyD88, HMGB1/RAGE and NF-κB pathway: A biochemical and pharmacokinetic approach.

Background: Chromium (Cr) is a noxious heavy metal that is reported to induce various organ damages including the kidneys. Astringin (ATN) is a polyphenolic flavonoid that demonstrates immense pharmacological potential.

Aim: This research was planned to assess the potential palliative efficacy of ATN against Cr induced renal toxicity via regulating biochemical and histological parameters.

Global Trends and Insights Into the Neurological Manifestations of Sjögren's Syndrome: A Bibliometric Review.

Neurological symptoms in Sjögren's syndrome (SS) present across a spectrum of severity, posing diagnostic and therapeutic challenges. This bibliometric review adopts a comprehensive approach to analyze the research landscape related to these symptoms. The data source utilized for this bibliometric review was the Web of Science Core Collection.

Study Protocol for Applying Trend Impact Analysis in Health Futures Studies: A Methodological Approach Illustrated by HIV/AIDS Forecasting in Iran.

Background: Future planning is critical in the health sector. Data-driven strategies, such as forecasting, assume that past influential forces will persist under similar conditions. Acknowledging significant events and examining their effects can enhance understanding of potential consequences, improving health system planning.

A new natural Cyperol A together with five known compounds from L.: isolation, structure elucidation, DFT analysis, insecticidal and enzyme-inhibition activities and study.

One new natural benzaldehyde derivative (1), together with five known compounds, was isolated from the methanolic extract of the whole plant of L., which is a globally distributed noxious weed. The structure of compound (1) (named Cyperol A) was determined using various NMR methods, including H, C, COSY, HMBC, HSQC and NOESY, and mass spectrometric techniques, including EIMS.

Unraveling a novel FBN1 variant in Marfan syndrome with dilated aortic root manifestation.

Background: Marfan syndrome (MFS) is a genetic disorder affecting connective tissue, with variable incidence rates. A significant portion of cases stems from novel genetic variants, while others inherit it from affected parents.

Objective: This study focuses on identifying the genetic cause of MFS in a specific family, using whole-exome sequencing (WES).

Elaidic acid induces testicular oxidative stress, inflammation, Wnt/β-catenin disruption and abnormalities in steroidogenesis, spermatogenesis and histo-architecture in Sprague Dawley rats.

Elaidic Acid (EA) is a major trans-fatty acid that has garnered significant attention due to its potential role in inducing systemic toxicity. The current investigation was conducted to assess the toxic effects of EA (50 mg/kg, 100 mg/kg, and 150 mg/kg) on testicular tissues of Sprague Dawley rats. EA intoxication disrupted Wnt/β-catenin via downregulating the expression of WNT3A and TCF7L2 while upregulating the expression of AXIN1 and GSK-3β.

Comprehensive transcriptomic analysis of myostatin-knockout pigs: insights into muscle growth and lipid metabolism.

Pigs are a vital source of protein worldwide, contributing approximately 43% of global meat production. Recent genetic advancements in the myostatin (MSTN) gene have facilitated the development of double-muscling traits in livestock. In this study, we investigate the transcriptomic profiles of second-generation MSTN-knockout (MSTN) pigs, generated through CRISPR/Cas9 gene editing and somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT).

Structural Analysis of Inhibitor Binding to Enterovirus-D68 3C Protease.

Enterovirus-D68 (EV68) continues to present as a global health issue causing respiratory illness and outbreaks associated with long-lasting neurological disease, with no antivirals or specific treatment options. The development of antiviral therapeutics, such as small-molecule inhibitors that target conserved proteins like the enteroviral 3C protease, remains to be achieved. While various 3C inhibitors have been investigated, their design does not consider the potential emergence of drug resistance mutations.

Cystic fibrosis in Pakistan: population harbouring rare variants non-responsive to CFTR modulators and the dilemma of poor health facilities.

Background: Pathogenic mutations in the CFTR gene disrupt the normal function of the chloride ion channel CFTR protein, resulting in Cystic Fibrosis (C.F.).

Bromoxynil induced hepatic toxicity via dysregulating TLR4/MyD88, JAK1/STAT3 and NF-κB signaling pathways: A dose-dependent investigation.

Bromoxynil (BML) is a toxic herbicide that is reported to cause various organ toxicities. However, there is not a single investigation conducted to elucidate the adverse impacts of BML on hepatic tissues at different dose concentrations. Therefore, the current investigation was planned to assess the deleterious effects of BML on liver against different dose concentrations.

Evaluating the Effectiveness of Shockwave Lithotripsy vs Ureteroscopic Lithotripsy for Treatment of Renal Stones: A Prospective Cohort Study.

Background: Renal stones are a prevalent condition requiring effective treatment strategies. This study evaluates the comparative effectiveness of shockwave lithotripsy (SWL) and ureteroscopic lithotripsy (URSL) in treating renal stones in a Pakistani cohort, focusing on stone clearance, recurrence, and complications.

Methods: This prospective cohort study involved 250 patients aged 18-55 diagnosed with renal stones.