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Extracellular signal-regulated kinase 5 (ERK5) is recognized as a key member of the mitogen-activated protein kinase family and is involved in tumor growth, migration, and angiogenesis. However, the results of ERK5 inhibition in multiple studies are controversial, and a highly specific ERK5-targeting agent is required to confirm physiological functions. Using proteolysis-targeting chimera technology, we designed the selective ERK5 degrader and examined its biological effect on cancer cells. Interestingly, the selective degradation of ERK5 with did not influence tumor cell growth directly. Based on proteomics analysis, the ERK5 deletion may be associated with tumor immunity. influences tumor development by affecting the differentiation of macrophages. Therefore, is an effective small-molecule tool for studying ERK5 and a promising immunotherapy drug candidate.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acs.jmedchem.3c00864 | DOI Listing |
PLoS One
September 2025
Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Center for Shoulder and Elbow Surgery, Konkuk University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
Purpose: We aimed to compare the effects of atelocollagen (AC) and individual growth factors on the expression of key molecular markers associated with tendon healing.
Methods: C2C12 myoblasts were cultured in Dulbecco's Modified Eagle Medium (DMEM) containing 5% fetal bovine serum (FBS) and treated with 1 nM or 10 nM of Atelocollagen (AC), bone morphogenetic protein-2 (BMP-2), transforming growth factor-beta 1 (TGF-β1), insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1), or vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) for 5 days. After 5 days of treatment, cells were harvested from the culture medium, and Western blot analysis was performed to quantify the expression of phosphorylated extracellular signal-regulated kinase (p-ERK), Collagen type I (Col I), Collagen type Ⅲ (Col Ⅲ), and Tenascin C (TnC).
Dig Dis Sci
September 2025
Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.
Background And Aims: Liver metastasis significantly contributes to poor survival in patients with colorectal cancer (CRC), posing therapeutic challenges due to limited understanding of its mechanisms. We aimed to identify a potential target critical for CRC liver metastasis.
Methods: We analyzed the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) and the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) databases and identified EphrinA3 (EFNA3) as a potential clinically relevant target.
J Enzyme Inhib Med Chem
December 2025
Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Natural Products, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda, India.
The mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway-also known as the RAS/RAF/MEK/ERK pathway-is a critical signalling cascade involved in regulating cell growth, proliferation, and survival. First discovered in the early 1980s, the pathway's extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) subfamily was identified in the 1990s. The ERK family includes several isoforms-ERK1, ERK2, ERK3, ERK5, and ERK6-with ERK1 (MAPK3) and ERK2 (MAPK1) being the most well-characterised and playing central roles in MAPK signalling.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Integr Neurosci
August 2025
Department of Anesthesiology, The First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, 100853 Beijing, China.
Neurocognitive disorders represent a significant global health challenge and are characterized by progressive cognitive decline across conditions including Alzheimer's disease, mild cognitive impairment, and diabetes-related cognitive impairment. The hippocampus is essential for learning and memory and requires intact neuroplasticity to maintain cognitive function. Recent evidence has identified the brain insulin signaling pathway as a key regulator of hippocampal neuroplasticity through multiple cellular processes including synaptic plasticity, neurotransmitter regulation, and neuronal survival.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFront Biosci (Landmark Ed)
August 2025
Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, 750004 Yinchuan, Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, China.
Background: Mediator complex subunit 10 (MED10) serves as a critical regulator of eukaryotic gene expression by facilitating RNA polymerase II activity. Our investigation aims to characterize MED10's functional contributions and underlying molecular pathways in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) development.
Methods: MED10 expression patterns in HCC and their correlation with clinicopathological parameters and patient outcomes were examined using bioinformatics databases and immunohistochemistry.