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Rationale: The distribution of rape honey is among the largest and most diverse of all honeys available to humankind with respect to the geographical origin. Accurate isotopic reference values for rape honey are therefore important for precise verification of honey origin and its traceability. New combined rape honey δ C, δ H, and δ O values in combination with values on its compounds (protein and saccharides) were used to complement existing databases to better identify the geographical origin of Chinese rape honey.
Methods: Traceability methods based on elemental analyzer isotope ratio mass spectrometry and liquid chromatography isotope ratio mass spectrometry were established for geographical origin of rape honey.
Results: Rape honey harvested in the high-altitude region (QH; Qinghai) had significantly higher values (1.4 to 5.3‰ for δ C, 7.9 to 12.9‰ for δ H ) for the δ C of whole honey (-23.8‰), its protein (-24.4‰), fructose (-23.5‰), glucose (-23.6‰), and disaccharide (-24.7‰), and also δ H of the protein (103.5‰) than those in low-altitude regions (HB; Hubei, SC; Sicuan, and JS; Jingsu). The δ O was a useful index to differentiate whether rape honey from coastal (JS) or non-coastal (HB, SC, and QH) regions. The δ C, δ H, and δ O values in rape honey are affected by geographical factors, such as temperature and altitude. The δ C and δ C values were better to identify the geographical origin of rape honey than δ C . The δ O and δ H values of rape honey protein were more suitable for traceability than those of rape honey. The combination of the δ C, δ H, and δ O values of rape honey and its extracted protein and saccharides improved the precision of three models (linear discriminant analysis, SVM, and random forest) used to discriminate rape honey from different regions in China. The SVM model obtained the best accuracy (93.2%).
Conclusions: Stable isotopes could be significant predictors in determining the geographical origin of rape honey.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/rcm.9539 | DOI Listing |
J AOAC Int
August 2025
Yueyang Minggong Honey Industry Co. LTD, Yueyang, 414200 China.
Rationale: Qinghai-Tibet Plateau (QTP) rape honey, recognized as a Protected Geographical Indication (PGI) product in China, has faced significant challenges due to fraudulent mislabeling of its origins in the market. To ensure the authenticity of PGI honey products and uphold market integrity, it is crucial to develop a rapid, precise, and efficient geographical traceability technology.
Methods: A total of 208 honey samples were collected from QTP (n = 71) and 5 provinces in the southern region (SR, n = 137) of China.
J Environ Sci Health B
June 2025
National Agricultural and Food Center, Research Institute of Animal Production Nitra, Institute of Apiculture Liptovský Hrádok, Liptovský Hrádok, Slovak Republic.
The study investigates the transfer of pesticides from crops to the beehive and its individual components. Two categories were examined: bee products (pollen pellets, beebread, and honey) and living biological materials (forager bees, nurse bees, and larvae). Pesticide residues were detected, with varying concentrations across different time points and sample types.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFInsects
April 2025
State Key Laboratory of Resource Insects, Institute of Apicultural Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China.
In recent years, honey bees have been stressed by multiple factors, with malnutrition posing a significant threat to the healthy development of honey bee colonies. To keep a colony healthy and productive, beekeepers supply their colonies with supplementary pollen or commercial pollen substitutes during periods of pollen dearth or insufficient pollen quantity or quality. In this study, we evaluated the effects of four natural pollen types (oilseed rape pollen, camellia pollen, lotus pollen and buckwheat pollen) and two commercial pollen substitutes (Diet 1 and Diet 2) against a control group (sucrose solution) on through cage experiments.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFood Chem
September 2025
College of Agriculture and Biology, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng 252059, China. Electronic address:
To determine the authenticity of honey, a deep learning network based on the Canny-GoogLeNet architecture combined with three-dimensional (3D) fluorescence spectroscopy was established. The canny edge detection algorithm was used to extract 3D spectral data from two distinct monofloral honeys, rape honey and wolfberry honey, as well as adulterated honey samples with corn syrup or other types of honey. The dataset was divided into training (133 samples), validation (33 samples), and test sets (12 samples).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFInsects
March 2025
Ecological Security and Protection Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Mianyang Normal University, Mianyang 621000, China.
Cadmium (Cd) is a heavy metal present in pollen and nectar that affects pollinator attributes. Honey bees possess the ability to eliminate Cd from honey. Consequently, the concentration of Cd in pollen, rather than nectar, is the critical factor influencing the growth and foraging behavior of honey bees.
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