Colorimetric detection of hydrogen peroxide and cholesterol using FeO-brominated graphene nanocomposite.

FeO-brominated graphene (FeO-GBR) nanocomposites were synthesized via an in situ method using the precursors FeSO.7HO and GBR in different (1:1, 1:2, 2:1, 1:5, 1:10, 1:20, and 5:1) weight ratios at pH 11.5. The FeO-GBR (1:5) nanocomposite in combination with HO and 3,3,5,5-tetramethylbenzidine (TMB) showed swift and superior intrinsic peroxidase mimetic enzyme activity compared with the other FeO-GBR composites, GBR and FeO, as observed by colorimetry. It was characterized using high-resolution scanning electron microscopy (HRSEM), energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD), and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). Its catalytic activity was optimized by varying different parameters, and the optimum conditions for peroxidase mimetic activity were observed using 100 μL FeO-GBR (1 mg/mL), 50 μL TMB (1 mg/mL), and 200 μL HO(1 mM) in 400 μL of acetate buffer of pH 2.3 at 30 °C temperature. Kinetic analysis has revealed the Michaelis-Menten kinetic behavior of peroxidase activity with Michaelis-Menten constants (K) and maximum initial velocities (V) of 0.082 mM and 14.1 nMs respectively, for HO and 0.086 mM and 5.1 nMs, respectively for TMB. The limit of detection and linear range were found to be 49.6 μM and 100-880 μM, respectively, for HO and 41.9 μM and 47.6-952.3 μM, respectively, for cholesterol. On this basis, a simple, swift, sensitive, selective, and reproducible colorimetric assay to detect cholesterol levels in blood serum samples using FeO-GBR nanocomposite has been developed. Thus, FeO-GBR composite as compared to FeO and GBR has shown better peroxidase mimicking activity for biosensing.