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The molten salt electrochemical method was used to reduce the Co in spent LiCoO. The reduction mechanism of Co (III) in LiCoO was analyzed by cyclic voltammetry, square wave voltammetry, and open circuit potential. The reduction process of Co (III) on Fe electrode was studied in NaCl-CaCl-LiCoO molten salt system at 750 °C. The results show that the reduction process of Co (III) is a two-step reduction: Co (III) → Co (II) → Co (0) and they are all quasi-reversible processes controlled by diffusion. Phase analysis (XRD) shows that Li and Cl in the molten salt form LiCl electrolysis experiments with different voltages were carried out, which proved the stepwise reduction of Co in LiCoO.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma14206110 | DOI Listing |
J Phys Chem B
September 2025
Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Data-Driven High-Safety Energy Materials and Applications, Ningbo Key Laboratory of Special Energy Materials and Chemistry, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, China.
This study developed a high-precision deep potential (DP) model based on density functional theory (DFT) and the DP-GEN workflow to efficiently simulate the microscopic structures and thermophysical properties of LiF-NaF-KF molten salt systems with varying compositions. Through iterative optimization of the training data set using the DP-GEN active learning strategy, our DP model demonstrated excellent agreement with DFT calculations in predicting energies, forces, and stresses. Leveraging this model, we systematically investigated the local structures and properties of 22 FLiNaK molten salt compositions, including radial distribution functions (RDFs), coordination numbers (CNs), density (ρ), heat capacity (), self-diffusion coefficients (SDCs), electrical conductivity, and shear viscosity.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNano Lett
September 2025
Yangtze Delta Region Institute (Huzhou), University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Huzhou, Zhejiang 313001, P. R. China.
Electrochemical CO reduction to formic acid, powered by renewable electricity, enables a sustainable carbon cycle by providing a versatile chemical feedstock and energy carrier. Bismuth-based catalysts are known for their high formate selectivity but face challenges in balancing selectivity and stability at industrial current densities. In this study, we present a two-step approach that combines molten-salt synthesis with in situ reduction to fabricate polycrystalline bismuth catalysts with rich exposed grain boundaries (GB-Bi).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFLangmuir
September 2025
College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Yangtze University, Jingzhou 434023, Hubei, PR China.
Transition metal sulfides are promising electrocatalysts for water electrolysis. This work develops an innovative rapid low-temperature molten-salt template approach that enables one-step fabrication of free-standing Mo-doped sulfide nanowire arrays (Mo-NiS@NiS/NF) on nickel foam (NF) within merely 30 min, substantially reducing synthesis time compared to conventional methods. XRD and Raman analyses show that the doping of Mo makes the original NiS convert into NiS with higher catalytic activity.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAngew Chem Int Ed Engl
September 2025
Department of Chemical Engineering, Shanghai Electrochemical Energy Devices Research Center, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China.
High-energy lithium-ion batteries necessitate stable Ni-rich layered cathodes, yet critical challenges such as lattice distortion and surface structure collapse remain unresolved. While conventional high-valence doping greatly alleviates surface degradations, it is ineffective in stabilizing bulk lattice due to dopant segregation. Here, we propose a slightly Li-rich (SLR) lattice design by partially substituting transition-metal (TM) ions with Li ions in TM layers, reducing electrostatic repulsion against high-valence dopants.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFACS Appl Mater Interfaces
September 2025
Department of Environment and Energy Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju 61005, Republic of Korea.
Thermochemical energy storage using Mg(OH) is attractive due to its high energy density, low cost, and nontoxicity. However, its practical application is limited by the high dehydration temperature required to achieve sufficient reaction rates. Although metal salt additives are known to enhance dehydration kinetics, prior studies have mainly focused on powders, with limited research on pellets.
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