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The precise estimation of blood vessel centerline and width is a prerequisite condition for the quantitative and visualized diagnosis of blood vessel disease in fundus images. In this paper, a retinal blood vessel segmentation algorithm based on centerline extraction is proposed. According to the characteristics of the fundus image and retinal blood vessels, the image is convoluted with the masks of discrete Gaussian partial derivative kernels. The centerline is determined by differential geometric properties of the blood vessels and the width is also calculated. The precision of our method can reach sub-pixel level with a fast computation speed. The experiments on several kinds of fundus images showed that the method worked quickly and accurately.
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Surv Ophthalmol
September 2025
Department of Ophthalmology, Affiliated Hospital of Shandong Second Medical University, School of Clinical Medicine, Weifang 261041, China.
Lipid metabolism plays a critical role in maintaining normal physiological functions and is strongly linked to the pathogenesis of ocular vascular diseases. This review examines how disorders of lipid metabolism drive progression in ocular vascular diseases, including diabetic retinopathy, age-related macular degeneration, retinal vascular occlusive diseases, and retinopathy of prematurity. These disorders are classified as a related group due to their common feature of impaired ocular vascularization.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFGraefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol
September 2025
Department of Ophthalmology, Emory University School of Medicine, 1365B Clifton Road, NE, Suite 2400, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA.
Purpose: Congenital X-linked retinoschisis (XLRS) has limited treatment options. Gene augmentation via pars plana vitrectomy (PPV) and subretinal RS1 gene delivery is promising, yet it is unclear how PPV may impact outcomes. We explored literature to better understand PPV outcomes in XLRS.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFInt Ophthalmol
September 2025
Beijing Tongren Eye Center, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Beijing key Laboratory of Intraocular Tumor Diagnosis and Treatment, Beijing Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences Key Lab, Medical Artificial Intelligence Research and Verification Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Industry and Information Technolog
Purpose: To analyze macular microvascular networks and investigate correlations between visual acuity and quantitative parameters in patients with Leber's hereditary optic neuropathy (LHON) using optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA).
Methods: An observational, cross-sectional study was conducted, including 25 eyes from 25 genetically confirmed chronic LHON patients and 25 eyes from 25 age-matched healthy controls. Images were obtained using a spectral domain OCTA system.
Ophthalmol Glaucoma
September 2025
NIHR Moorfields Biomedical Research Centre, Moorfields Eye Hospital and UCL Institute of Ophthalmology, London, England; Discipline of Clinical Ophthalmology and Eye Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.
Purpose: To compare the long-term safety of MicroShunt implantation with trabeculectomy in eyes with primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG).
Methods: This was a 3-year observational extension of a 2-year prospective randomized trial comparing clinical outcomes of MicroShunt implantation with trabeculectomy, both augmented with mitomycin C. Adverse events (AEs), intraocular pressure (IOP), and IOP-lowering medication use were recorded 36, 48, and 60 months after initial randomization.
Ocul Immunol Inflamm
September 2025
Manchester Royal Eye Hospital, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK.
Purpose: To report a rare case of bilateral necrotising retinitis caused by a potentially novel human adenovirus D (HAdV-D) in a post-bone marrow transplant patient and to highlight the diagnostic challenges and therapeutic role of intravenous cidofovir, alongside a review of previously reported cases of human adenovirus (HAdV) retinitis.
Methods: Retrospective case report.
Results: A 60-year-old man with a history of acute myeloid leukaemia, in remission post-bone marrow transplant, presented with bilateral hypertensive granulomatous panuveitis and necrotising retinitis.