Clinical-oriented 3D visualization and quantitative analysis of gingival thickness using convolutional neural networks and CBCT.

Objective: Traditional gingival thickness (GT) assessment methods provide only point measurements or simple classifications, lacking spatial distribution information. This study aimed to develop a CBCT-based 3D visualization system for gingival thickness using deep learning, providing a novel spatial assessment tool for implant surgery planning.

Methods: CBCT and intraoral scanning (IOS) data from 50 patients with tooth loss were collected to establish a standardized dataset.

Fine mapping and prediction of a candidate gene for wrinkled rind in melon (Cucumis melo L.).

The Cmwr locus was fine mapped to chromosome 2 in wrinkled-rind melon, and MELO3C010304.2 (CmNaa35, encoding an N-α-acetyltransferase) was identified as the most likely candidate gene for wrinkled rind in melon. The wrinkled rind (wr) phenotypic trait in melon is rare, and the regulatory mechanisms and genes governing this feature remain unclear.

Association of glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists with atrial fibrillation, cardiac arrest, and ventricular fibrillation: Casual evidence from a drug target Mendelian randomization.

Background: Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RAs) have shown benefits for cardiorenal outcomes in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Although some observational studies suggest that GLP-1RAs protect against arrhythmias, the evidence remains inconclusive.

Methods: This study aimed to assess the causal relationship between GLP-1RAs and arrhythmias, including atrial fibrillation (AF), cardiac arrest, and ventricular fibrillation.

Guaranteeing Performance Robust Control for Human-Machine Systems With Optimal Human Decision.

Human-machine systems (HMSs) are dedicated to integrating intelligent human decisions with machine operations to achieve synergistic operational functionality. We focus on constraint-following control within the HMS, considering potential uncertainties, environmental disturbances, and limited operational space. A hierarchical hybrid control scheme is proposed, consisting of a preemption algorithm and a human decision algorithm.

Understanding Problematic Gaming Through Self-Determined Versus Non-Self-Determined Motivation: Two Mediating Pathways of Harmonious and Obsessive Passion.

Problematic gaming has detrimental effects on individuals' mental and physical health. Adopting the self-determination theory as a theoretical framework and differentiating two types of game motivation (self-determined vs. non-self-determined), this study examined how these two types of game motivation may be oppositely associated with gamers' problematic gaming behaviors.

The association between TyG index and cardiovascular mortality is modified by antidiabetic or lipid-lowering agent: a prospective cohort study.

Background: The triglyceride-glucose (TyG) index is recognized as an alternative measure of insulin resistance (IR) and has been linked to the risks of cardiovascular disease (CVD) and mortality. This study aimed to evaluate whether the association between the TyG index and CVD mortality is influenced by the use of antidiabetic and hypolipidemic agents, given their potential modifying effects on the TyG index.

Methods: Participants from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (1999-2018) were included in the study.

Exploring the progress and trends of immunotherapy for type 1 diabetes: A comprehensive bibliometric analysis spanning nearly two decades.

Introduction: Immunotherapy is a crucial treatment for type 1 diabetes (T1D), yet analyses focusing on research priorities and trends in this field are limited. Therefore, this study employs bibliometric methods to systematically explore the current research status of immunotherapy for T1D.

Methods: Based on the Web of Science Core Collection Database, 1573 articles and review articles related to immunotherapy for T1D published from 2004 to 2023 were screened for bibliometric analysis.

Taurine alleviates dysfunction of cholesterol metabolism under hyperuricemia by inhibiting A2AR-SREBP-2/CREB/HMGCR axis.

Dysfunctional cholesterol metabolism is highly prevalent in patients with hyperuricemia. Both uric acid and cholesterol are independent risk factors for atherosclerosis, contributing to an increased incidence of cardiovascular disease in hyperuricemia. Investigating the pathological mechanisms underlying cholesterol metabolism dysfunction in hyperuricemia is essential.

Intestinal FXR deficiency induces dysregulation of xanthine oxidase and accounts for sex difference in hyperuricemia.

Overproduction of uric acid caused by increased expression and/or enhanced activity of xanthine oxidase (XO) is one of the major etiologies of hyperuricemia, which had a significant sex differences. As an important enzyme involved in production of reactive oxygen species and uric acid, activity of XO is highly correlated with hyperuricemia and its complications. However, the mechanisms underlying XO dysregulation remain unclear, and sex difference in the prevalence of hyperuricemia has been well known.

Ropivacaine synergizes with sorafenib to induce apoptosis of hepatocellular carcinoma cells via the IL-6/STAT3 pathway.

The development of resistance in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cells limits the effectiveness of sorafenib, but combination therapy with other drugs may have a positive effect. However, the effect of ropivacaine combined with sorafenib on the treatment of HCC cells and its potential regulatory mechanisms remain unclear. The proliferation and apoptosis of HCC cells treated with ropivacaine, sorafenib, and ropivacaine plus sorafenib were analyzed by cell-counting kit 8 and flow cytometry.

Mild therapeutic hypothermia upregulates the O-GlcNAcylation level of COX10 to alleviate mitochondrial damage induced by myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury.

Objective: Mild therapeutic hypothermia (MTH) is an important method for perioperative prevention and treatment of myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury (MIRI). Modifying mitochondrial proteins after protein translation to regulate mitochondrial function is one of the mechanisms for improving myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury. This study investigated the relationship between shallow hypothermia treatment improving myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury and the O-GlcNAcylation level of COX10.

Identification of Chromosomal Regions and Candidate Genes for Locus in L.

Leaf morphology plays a crucial role in plant classification and provides a significant model for studying plant diversity while directly impacting photosynthetic efficiency. In the case of melons, leaf shape not only influences production and classification but also represents a key genetic trait that requires further exploration. In this study, we utilized forward genetics to pinpoint a recessive locus, dubbed (), which is responsible for regulating melon leaf shape.

Food-derived peptides as novel therapeutic strategies for NLRP3 inflammasome-related diseases: a systematic review.

NLRP3 (NOD-, LRR- and pyrin domain-containing protein 3), a member of the nucleotide-binding domain (NOD) and leucine-rich repeat sequence (LRR) protein (NLR) family, plays an essential role in the inflammation initiation and inflammatory mediator secretion, and thus is also associated with many disease progressions. Food-derived bioactive peptides (FDBP) exhibit excellent anti-inflammatory activity in both and models. They are encrypted in plant, meat, and milk proteins and can be released under enzymatic hydrolysis or fermentation conditions, thereby hindering the progression of hyperuricemia, inflammatory bowel disease, chronic liver disease, neurological disorders, lung injury and periodontitis by inactivating the NLRP3.

Genome-Wide Identification, Evolutionary Analysis, and Functional Studies of Genes in Melon ( L.).

The antioxidative enzyme ascorbate peroxidase (APX) exerts a critically important function through scavenging reactive oxygen species (ROS), alleviating oxidative damage in plants, and enhancing their tolerance to salinity. Here, we identified 28 genes that display an uneven distribution pattern throughout the 12 chromosomes of the melon genome by carrying out a bioinformatics analysis. Phylogenetic analyses revealed that the gene family comprised seven different clades, with each clade of genes exhibiting comparable motifs and structures.

Role of NLRP3 inflammasome in diabetes and COVID-19 role of NLRP3 inflammasome in the pathogenesis and treatment of COVID-19 and diabetes NLRP3 inflammasome in diabetes and COVID-19 intervention.

2019 Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19) is a global pandemic caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2). A "cytokine storm", i.e.

Examining the Persuasive Effects of Health Communication in Short Videos: Systematic Review.

Background: The ubiquity of short videos has demonstrated vast potential for health communication. An expansion of research has examined the persuasive effect of health communication in short videos, yet a synthesis of the research is lacking.

Objective: This paper aims to provide an overview of the literature by examining the persuasive effect of health communication in short videos, offering guidance for researchers and practitioners.

Encodes Carotenoid Isomerase and Regulates Orange Flesh Color in Watermelon ( L.).

Flesh color is a significant characteristic of watermelon. Although various flesh-color genes have been identified, the inheritance and molecular basis of the orange flesh trait remain relatively unexplored. In the present study, the genetic analysis of six generations derived from W1-1 (red flesh) and W1-61 (orange flesh) revealed that the orange flesh color trait was regulated by a single recessive gene, (orange flesh).

Future Directions in Optimizing Anesthesia to Reduce Perioperative Acute Kidney Injury.

Background: Perioperative acute kidney injury (AKI) is common in surgical patients and is associated with high morbidity and mortality. There are currently few options for AKI prevention and treatment. Due to its complex pathophysiology, there is no efficient medication therapy to stop the onset of the injury or repair the damage already done.

Effects of high-intensity interval training, moderate-intensity continuous training, and guideline-based physical activity on cardiovascular metabolic markers, cognitive and motor function in elderly sedentary patients with type 2 diabetes (HIIT-DM): a protocol for a randomized controlled trial.

Background And Objective: Sedentary behavior is of increasing concern in older patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) due to its potential adverse effects on cardiovascular health, cognitive function, and motor function. While regular exercise has been shown to improve the health of individuals with T2DM, the most effective exercise program for elderly sedentary patients with T2DM remains unclear. Therefore, the objective of this study was to assess the impact of high-intensity interval training (HIIT), moderate-intensity continuous training (MICT), and guideline-based physical activity programs on the cardiovascular health, cognitive function, and motor function of this specific population.

Intervention effects and related mechanisms of glycyrrhizic acid on zebrafish with Hirschsprung-associated enterocolitis.

Background: The prevention and treatment of Hirschsprung-associated enterocolitis (HAEC) is a serious challenge in pediatric surgery. Exploring the mechanism of HAEC is conducive to the prevention of this disease.

Aim: To explore the possible mechanism of glycyrrhizic acid (GA) and its therapeutic effect on HAEC.

Elucidation of interactions between myofibrillar proteins and κ-carrageenan as mediated by NaCl level: Perspectives on multiple spectroscopy and molecular docking.

The present study was aimed to investigate the intermolecular interaction between myofibrillar proteins (MP) and κ-carrageenan (KC) as mediated by KC concentration (0.1, 0.2, 0.

Genetic algorithm-based optical proximity correction for DMD maskless lithography.

We present an optical proximity correction (OPC) method based on a genetic algorithm for reducing the optical proximity effect-induced pattern distortion in digital micromirror device (DMD) maskless lithography. Via this algorithm-assisted grayscale modulation of the initial mask at the pixel level, the exposure pattern can be enhanced significantly. Actual exposure experiments revealed that the rate of matching between the final exposure pattern and the mask pattern can be increased by up to 20%.

Insights into monkeypox pathophysiology, global prevalence, clinical manifestation and treatments.

On 23rd July 2022, the World Health Organization (WHO) recognized the ongoing monkeypox outbreak as a public medical crisis. Monkeypox virus (MPV), the etiological agent of monkeypox, is a zoonotic, linear, double-stranded DNA virus. In 1970, the Democratic Republic of the Congo reported the first case of MPV infection.