Refining the friction force through periodically grooved surfaces.

Preparing textured surfaces is an effective method for regulating friction; however, the influence of surface geometry on friction remains ambiguous. In this study, we measure the friction force on silicon samples with various periodic grooves using atomic force microscopy. Our findings indicate that the friction increases with groove width under a fixed groove coverage ratio of 50%.

Phononic perspective of anisotropic friction: Universal laws from the frictional phonon spectrum.

Friction, defined as the resistance to relative motion between two contacting objects, has historically been regarded as a consequence of mechanical energy dissipation. However, the precise mechanism by which it operates in the context of phonon excitation has not been fully elucidated. In this study, we present a theoretical framework based on the atomistic Green's function method that connects friction-excited phonons to the resulting friction force.

Preparation and weather-resistant study of poly(butylene adipate-co-terephthalate)/poly(butylene carbonate-co-terephthalate)/modified cotton stalk lignin composite film.

The development of composites for food packaging that have good mechanical and antimicrobial characteristics is still a major challenge. In this study, lignin (VL) was grafted with vinyl triethoxysilane (VTES) via a solvothermal method in an alcohol-water system. The modified lignin (VL) was then melt-blended and co-extruded with poly(butylene adipate-co-terephthalate) (PBAT) along with various ratios of poly(butylene carbonate-co-terephthalate) (PBCT), all within a non-catalyzed system, to fabricate bio-based fully biodegradable composite films.

Internal Secondary Structural Conformational States of Silk Fibroin Studied by Raman Spectroscopy with Band Deconvolution Analysis.

Silk fibroin (SF) is an extensively utilized biofiber recognized for its excellent mechanical properties across various applications. However, the relationship between its internal structure and mechanical behavior remains inadequately understood. In this work, we employed polarized Raman spectra to investigate how SF's secondary structures respond to external tensile loads.

remodels the tumor microenvironment and promotes immune escape through enhancing tumor stemness and modulating the fibrinogen beta chain-neutrophil extracellular trap signaling axis in lung adenocarcinoma.

Background: Despite the recent advancements in the treatment of cancer, the 5-year survival of patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) remains unsatisfactory. Lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) is NSCLC's most common subtype, and metastasis is the major cause of death in patients with cancer. Therefore, identifying novel targets associated with metastasis in NSCLC is crucial to improving treatment.

Androgen receptor expression and clinical significance in breast cancer.

Purpose: This study aimed to investigate the expression and clinical relevance of the androgen receptor (AR) in breast cancer.

Methods: This retrospective study examined the expression of AR in breast cancer and its correlation with patients' clinicopathological and immunohistochemical characteristics. A total of 521 patient records were gathered and assessed.

Development of poly(butylene oxalate-co-furanoate) copolymers with enhanced sustainability and hydrolytic degradability.

Polyoxalate, a novel intrinsically hydrolysable polyester, garners significant interest for its high cost-effectiveness and versatility. However, concerns persist regarding its durability in practical applications. This study integrates bio-based poly(butylene furanoate) (PBF), which possesses remarkable barrier performance, into the poly(butylene oxalate) (PBOx) framework to synthesize poly(butylene oxalate‑co‑furanoate) (PBOF) with tunable degradation rates.

Partially Bio-Based and Biodegradable Poly(Propylene Terephthalate-Co-Adipate) Copolymers: Synthesis, Thermal Properties, and Enzymatic Degradation Behavior.

A series of partially bio-based and biodegradable poly(propylene terephthalate-co-adipate) (PPTA) random copolymers with different components were prepared by the melt polycondensation of petro-based adipic acid and terephthalic acid with bio-based 1,3-propanediol. The microstructure, crystallization behavior, thermal properties, and enzymatic degradation properties were further investigated. The thermal decomposition kinetics was deeply analyzed using Friedman's method, with the thermal degradation activation energy ranging from 297.

A biomass phosphonamide enables biodegradable polylactide with favorable flame retardancy and rapid crystallization.

PLA is widely known as biodegradable plastics whose further application in fields such as automotive and architectural is still constrained by its flammability and unsatisfactory crystallization properties. To address the aforementioned concerns, a novel biomass phosphonamide PDPA was synthesized with chemical structure confirmed by FTIR, NMR and elemental analysis tests. Immediately thereafter, PLA/PDPA composites were prepared by melting blending, with a focus on flame retardancy, crystallization properties and flame-retardant mechanism.

NHH promotes Sepsis-associated Encephalopathy with the expression of AQP4 in astrocytes through the gut-brain Axis.

Sepsis-associated encephalopathy (SAE) is a significant cause of mortality in patients with sepsis. Despite extensive research, its exact cause remains unclear. Our previous research indicated a relationship between non-hepatic hyperammonemia (NHH) and SAE.

Poly(butylene oxalate-co-terephthalate): A PBAT-like but rapid hydrolytic degradation plastic.

Concerns over worldwide plastic pollution have led to the development of biodegradable polyester materials with excellent physical and chemical properties through the copolymerization of poly(butylene oxalate) (PBOx). As a result, poly(butylene oxalate-co-terephthalate)s (PBOTs) with varying compositions, were prepared by incorporating aromatic units. Studies have indicated that PBOT-47 (with a 47% molar terephthalate), exhibits exceptional mechanical properties.

Reexamination of Damping in Sliding Friction.

Friction is responsible for about one-third of the primary energy consumption in the world. So far, a thorough atomistic understanding of the frictional energy dissipation mechanisms is still lacking. The Amontons' law states that kinetic friction is independent of the sliding velocity while the Prandtl-Tomlinson model suggests that damping is proportional to the relative sliding velocity between two contacting objects.

Dynamic monitoring of neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio, APACHE II score, and SOFA score predict prognosis and drug resistance in patients with complex bloodstream infection: a single-center retrospective study.

Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the clinical value of dynamic monitoring of neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio (NLR), APACHE II (Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation II) score, and Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (SOFA) score in predicting 28-day prognosis and drug resistance in patients with bloodstream infection with complex (Abc complex).

Patients And Methods: In this research, individuals admitted to Tianjin Medical University General Hospital from January 2017 to March 2023 with bloodstream infections and a minimum of one Abc complex positive blood culture were chosen. The risk factors for the 28-day prognosis and drug resistance were analyzed using logistic regression.

Modified cellulose nanocrystals enhanced polycaprolactone multifunctional films with barrier, UV-blocking and antimicrobial properties for food packaging.

The packaging industry demands improved eco-friendly materials with new and enhanced properties. In this context, bio-nanocomposite films with antimicrobial and UV-shielding properties based on modified cellulose nanocrystals/polycaprolactone (MCNC/PCL) were fabricated via solution casting method, and then food packaging simulation was carried out. CNCs were obtained by acid hydrolysis followed by successful functionalization with Quaternary ammonium surfactant, confirmed by FTIR, XPS, XRD, TEM, and DLS analyses.

BushenHuoxue formula promotes osteogenic differentiation via affecting Hedgehog signaling pathway in bone marrow stem cells to improve osteoporosis symptoms.

Background: The BushenHuoxue formula (BSHX) has been previously demonstrated to ameliorate osteoporosis, but the mechanisms underlying this phenomenon are currently unclear. The present study aims at investigating the mechanisms that BSHX induces osteogenesis.

Methods: We established an osteoporosis model in rats by bilateral ovariectomy and then treated the rats with an osteogenic inducer (dexamethasone, β-sodium glycerophosphate and Vitamin C) and BSHX.

3D-printing of biomass furan-based polyesters with robust mechanical performance and shape memory property.

3D-printing provides a feasible technique for realizing new materials into structural and intelligent parts. In this work, biomass furan-based polyesters poly (ethylene furanoate) (PEF), poly (trimethylene furanoate) (PTF), and poly (butylene furanoate) (PBF) were successfully synthesized in a 5 L reactor through the melt polycondensation process and fabricated into 3D-printing feedstocks. It was demonstrated that the three furan-based polyesters were additively-manufactured into complicated structures.

Rapid marine degradable poly(butylene oxalate) by introducing promotion building blocks.

The design and development of high-performance marine-degradable plastics have long been considered a superior strategy to address marine plastic pollution. To achieve a balance between rapid marine degradability and high performance of polyester plastics, this work designed two series of poly(butylene oxalate) (PBOx) copolymers with intrinsic hydrolysis ability using poly(ethylene oxalate) (PEOx) and poly(glycolic acid) (PGA) as promotion building blocks. The synthesis process, crystallization properties, barrier performance, and mechanical properties of copolymers were comparatively investigated.

Tricyclic Diester and 2,5-Furandicarboxylic Acid for the Synthesis of Biobased Hydrolysis Copolyesters with High Glass Transition Temperatures.

The reluctance of a polyester with high glass transition temperature () and mechanical properties to hydrolyze is a well-known fact, for instance, the high hydrolysis resistance of aromatic polyesters based on terephthalic acid and 2,5-furandicarboxylic acid (FDCA). The synthesis of polyesters that have a high (>100 °C) and a fast hydrolytic degradation quality at the same time is a valuable topic. Herein, a renewable rigid diester, ,'--1,4-cyclohexane-bis(pyrrolidone-4-methyl carboxylate) (CBPC), was obtained via Michael addition.

Modulating Friction by the Phase of the Vertical Vibrational Excitation at Washboard Frequency.

Applying external vibrations at the resonant frequencies of the frictional system has been a highly effective approach to suppress friction but usually requires additional energy consumption. In this study, we find that in addition to exerting the vibration at the resonant frequency of the frictional system, the friction force on the atomically flat silicon surface can also present a local minimum when the oscillation frequency of the vertical vibrational excitation equals the washboard frequency with respect to the sliding velocity. Moreover, compared with the additional energy consumption at the resonant frequency, applying vertical vibrational excitation at the washboard frequency requires much less energy consumption.

Chemically Recyclable Biobased Non-Isocyanate Polyurethane Networks from CO -Derived Six-membered Cyclic Carbonates.

Non-isocyanate polyurethanes (NIPUs) are widely studied as sustainability potential, because they can be prepared without using toxic isocyanates in the synthesis process. The aminolysis of cyclic carbonate to form NIPUs is a promising route. In this work, a series of NIPUs is prepared from renewable bis(6-membered cyclic carbonates) (iEbcc) and amines.

Emerging trends and research foci in autophagy of pancreatic cancer: a bibliometric and visualized study.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to analyze the trends by year, country, institution, journal, reference and keyword in publications on the autophagy of pancreatic cancer (PC) and to predict future research hotspots.

Methods: The Web of Science Core Collection was used to search for publications. The contributions of various countries/regions, institutes, authors, identified research hotspots, and promising future trends were analyzed using the VOSviewer1.

Chromosome-scale genomics, metabolomics, and transcriptomics provide insight into the synthesis and regulation of phenols in grapes.

is a wild grape unique to China. It exhibits well resistance to heat, humidity, fungal disease, drought, and soil infertility. Here, we report the high-quality, chromosome-level genome assembly of GH6 ().

The blood pressure targets in sepsis patients with acute kidney injury: An observational cohort study of multiple ICUs.

Background: The maintenance of blood pressure is pivotal in preventing sepsis with acute kidney injury (AKI). Especially in sepsis patients treated with vasopressors. The optimal the blood pressure has been controversial to maintain renal perfusion.

Mechanically Robust and Chemically Recyclable Polyhydroxyurethanes from CO-Derived Six-Membered Cyclic Carbonates.

In the current context of sustainable chemistry development and new regulations, aminolysis of cyclic carbonate is one of the most promising routes to nonisocyanate polyurethanes, also called polyhydroxyurethanes (PHU). In this study, a new kind of shape memory PHU vitrimers with outstanding mechanical properties and chemical recyclability is prepared. The monomer employed for aminolysis to form the PHUs is bis(six-membered cyclic carbonate) of 4,4'-biphenol (BCC-BP), which is synthesized by bi(1,3-diol) precursors and CO.