Naturally high fatigue performance of a 3D printing titanium alloy across all stress ratios.

Three-dimensional printing of structural materials, namely, additive manufacturing (AM), has notable advantages in fabricating structurally complex engineering components. These complex components usually endure comprehensive fatigue examination due to their complex stress distribution with varying stress ratios during service. Therefore, it is important to ensure the fatigue reliability of additive manufactured materials across all stress ratios.

Observations and potential source regions of HFC-152a in southeastern China.

Under the global HFCs reduction framework of the Kigali Amendment (KA) to the Montreal Protocol (MP), although HFC-152a is widely used as an ozone-friendly alternative in fields such as refrigeration and foam blowing agents, its production volume has gradually increased in recent years, prompting regulatory attention. In this study, we conducted a continuous daily in-situ observation of HFC-152a at a remote site in southeastern China from May 2023 to May 2024. HFC-152a exhibits seasonal variations in mixing ratios and enhancements, with summer values being lower than in other seasons.

XthA phospholipase contributes the cell-wall functionality of pathogenic mycobacteria by increasing the synthesis of mycolic acid.

The mycobacterial cell wall is a complex structure that plays a critical role in resisting external environmental stress and contributing to pathogenesis, with mycolic acid being a key component in maintaining cell wall integrity. Moreover, the enzymes involved in cell wall synthesis are frequently targeted in antimycobacterial drug research. In this study, we demonstrate that the conserved extracellular DNase XthA from mycobacteria exhibits phospholipase A (PLA) activity, whereas this activity is absent in non-pathogenic mycobacteria.

Cancer disrupts sex hormone-inflammation relationships: Analysis of ALI in males from NHANES 2007-2018.

Background: To investigate the correlation between sex hormone levels and Advanced Lung Cancer Inflammation Index (ALI) in male cancer populations, and compare with non-cancer male populations, in order to elucidate the potential regulatory role of sex hormones in cancer-related inflammation.

Methods: We analyzed data from NHANES 2007-2018, including 11,280 males (1,135 cancer patients, 10,145 non-cancer controls). Serum testosterone and estradiol were measured using ID-LC-MS/MS.

Machine learning predicts selectivity of green synthesized iron nanoparticles toward typical contaminants: critical factors in synthesis conditions, material properties, and reaction process.

Green synthesized iron nanoparticles (FeNPs) have gained popularity in contaminant removal due to their low cost and environmentally friendly properties. However, a gap remains in understanding how synthesis conditions (SC), material properties (MP), and reaction processes (RP) affect their removal capacities on typical contaminants. This study utilizes advanced machine learning methods to explore complex dependencies in contaminant removal, achieving high predictive accuracies with R rankings of XGBoost (0.

Research progress of silicon-based anode materials for lithium-ion batteries.

In recent years, with the rapid development of fields such as portable electronic devices, electric vehicles, and energy storage systems, the performance requirements for lithium-ion batteries have been continuously rising. Among the numerous key components of lithium-ion batteries, the performance of the anode materials plays a crucial role, as it is directly related to core indicators such as the energy density, cycle life, and safety of the batteries. Among them, silicon-based anode materials have stood out among many anode materials by virtue of their extremely high theoretical specific capacity, becoming one of the hot research directions in the field of lithium-ion battery anode materials at present.

How nitrate and ammonium impact soil organic carbon transformation with reference to aggregate size.

While nitrogen (N) deposition and over-fertilization enrich N in soil, it is unclear how it impacts soil organic carbon (SOC) transformation at the aggregate scale. Herein, a 90-day study reveals the transformation mechanisms of SOC in soil aggregates under nitrate and ammonium enrichment conditions. Results showed that nitrate treatment (NT) and ammonium treatment (AT) significantly increased SOC content by 15.

Rare earth elements redistribution in mine tailings soil: A comparative study of sunlit and shady slopes after in-situ leaching.

The in-situ leaching of rare earth minerals results in ecological differences between sunlit and shady slopes, which may be related to differences in the distribution REEs in the associated soil matrices. Studies of REEs mine tailings in Southern China indicated higher total concentrations of REEs on sunlit slopes compared to shady ones. Specifically, the exchangeable REEs fraction (F1-REEs) was higher on the shady slopes, whereas the Fe/Mn oxides bound REEs fraction (F3-REEs) was higher on the sunlit slopes.

What are the different biomolecules involved in the selective recovery of REEs from mining wastewater using FeNPs synthesized from two plant extracts?

Extracting rare earth elements (REEs) from wastewater is crucial for saving the environment, sustainable use of natural resources and economic growth. Reported here is a simple, low cost and one-step synthesis of Fe nanoparticles (FeNPs) based on two plant extracts having the ability to recover REEs. The synthesis of FeNPs using Excoecaria cochinchinensis leaves extract (Ec-FeNPs) exhibited high selectivity for heavy rare earth due to unique biomolecules, achieving separation coefficients (K) of 3.

Deciphering silver nanoparticles perturbation effects and risks for soil enzymes worldwide: Insights from machine learning and soil property integration.

Globally extensive research into how silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) affect enzyme activity in soils with differing properties has been limited by cost-prohibitive sampling. In this study, customized machine learning (ML) was used to extract data patterns from complex research, with a hit rate of Random Forest > Multiple Imputation by Chained Equations > Decision Tree > K-Nearest Neighbors. Results showed that soil properties played a pivotal role in determining AgNPs' effect on soil enzymes, with the order being pH > organic matter (OM) > soil texture ≈ cation exchange capacity (CEC).

High fatigue resistance in a titanium alloy via near-void-free 3D printing.

The advantage of 3D printing-that is, additive manufacturing (AM) of structural materials-has been severely compromised by their disappointing fatigue properties. Commonly, poor fatigue properties appear to result from the presence of microvoids induced by current printing process procedures. Accordingly, the question that we pose is whether the elimination of such microvoids can provide a feasible solution for marked enhancement of the fatigue resistance of void-free AM (Net-AM) alloys.

Predicting the effect of silver nanoparticles on soil enzyme activity using the machine learning method: type, size, dose and exposure time.

In this study, machine learning models predicted the impact of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) on soil enzymes. Artificial neural network (ANN) optimized with genetic algorithm (GA) (MAE = 0.1174) was more suitable for simulating overall trends, while the gradient boosting machine (GBM) and random forest (RF) were ideal for small-scale analysis.

CircRANBP17 modulated KDM1A to regulate neuroblastoma progression by sponging miR-27b-3p.

Neuroblastoma (NB) is a common childhood cancer. Circular RNA RAN binding protein 17 (circRANBP17) has been identified to participate in diverse tumor progression. This study aims to explore the function and mechanism of circRANBP17 in NB.

MicroRNA-519d-3p antagonizes osteosarcoma resistance against cisplatin by targeting PD-L1.

Accumulating evidence indicates that a ligand of programmed cell death receptor-1 (PD-L1) participates in the progression and recurrence of multiple malignancies, including osteosarcoma. Nevertheless, the role of PD-L1 in chemoresistance development is not fully understood. In the current study, we aim to clarify the interaction of miR-519d-3p and PD-L1 in the development of cisplatin resistance.

LncRNA NEAT1 Acts as an miR-148b-3p Sponge to Regulate ROCK1 Inhibition of Retinoblastoma Growth.

Background: It is reported that long non-coding RNA nuclear paraspeckle assembly transcript 1 (LncRNA NEAT1) is involved in the occurrence and development of various cancers. However, the detailed biological function and mechanism of LncRNA NEAT1 in retinoblastoma are still unclear. So we will explore the biological function and possible mechanism of LncRNA NEAT1 in retinoblastoma.

Silencing of the Long Non-Coding RNA TTN-AS1 Attenuates the Malignant Progression of Osteosarcoma Cells by Regulating the miR-16-1-3p/TFAP4 Axis.

Objectives: Osteosarcoma (OS) is a type of bone malignancy. This study attempted to explore the effect of long non-coding RNA TTN-AS1 (TTN-AS1) on OS and to determine its molecular mechanisms.

Methods: The expression of TTN-AS1, microRNA-16-1-3p (miR-16-1-3p), and transcription factor activating enhancer binding protein 4 (TFAP4) in OS was assessed using qRT-PCR.

Discriminative Multi-View Dynamic Image Fusion for Cross-View 3-D Action Recognition.

Dramatic imaging viewpoint variation is the critical challenge toward action recognition for depth video. To address this, one feasible way is to enhance view-tolerance of visual feature, while still maintaining strong discriminative capacity. Multi-view dynamic image (MVDI) is the most recently proposed 3-D action representation manner that is able to compactly encode human motion information and 3-D visual clue well.

Study on fracture of tungsten wire induced by acoustic cavitation at different hydrostatic pressures and driving electric powers.

The near-solid wall multi-bubble cavitation is an extremely complex phenomenon, and cavitation has strong erosiveness. The melting point (about 3410 °C) of tungsten is highest among all pure metals, and its hardness is also very high (its yield strength is greater than 1 GPa). What would happen to pure tungsten wire under extreme conditions caused by collapsing cavitation bubbles at high hydrostatic pressure? In this paper, we have studied the fracture process of pure tungsten wire with diameter of 0.

[Effect of bilateral superior cervical sympathetic ganglion occlusion on pathological process of aortic dissection and its mechanism].

Objective: To investigate the effect of bilateral superior cervical sympathetic ganglion occlusion (SCG) on aortic dissection and its possible mechanism.

Methods: Forty-five SD rats were randomly divided into three groups with 15 in each:blank control group, sham operation group and SCG group. β-aminopropione (666 mg·kg·d) was given by subcutaneous injection for 4 weeks to establish the aortic dissection model.

Contribution of biomarkers for pancreatic cancer-associated new-onset diabetes to pancreatic cancer screening.

Background: Pancreatic cancer (PaC) is one of the deadliest types of tumor, and it is regarded as a fatal disease, with a 5-year survival rate less than 10%. Most clinical diagnoses for PaC are made at an advanced stage because of the insidious onset of the disease, which leads to an extremely poor prognosis.

Recent Findings: The relationship between diabetes mellitus (DM) and PaC has been established by several decades of research, and the prevalence of DM in patients with PaC has been reported to be 40%, with half of the patients having developed new-onset DM within 2 years or less.

Biomechanical evaluation of four surgical scenarios of lumbar fusion with hyperlordotic interbody cage: A finite element study.

Background: Lumbar spinal fusion in the interbody space is augmented with interbody fusion cages to provide structural support while arthrodesis occurs. Subsidence is a serious complication of interbody fusion. However, the biomechanical influence of anterior longitudinal ligament (ALL) and pedicle screws on subsidence has not been fully understood.