Single-cell multi-stage spatial evolutional map of esophageal carcinogenesis.

Cancer development involves the co-evolution of cancer cells and their surrounding microenvironment, yet the dynamics of this interaction within the physical architecture remains poorly understood. Here, we present a spatial transcriptomic map at single-cell resolution, encompassing 127 multi-stage fields of view from 43 patients, to chart the evolutionary trajectories of human esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). By analyzing 6.

A Comprehensive Review of Advances in Molecular Mechanisms and Targeted Therapies for the Specific Type of Cystic Lung Cancer.

Background And Objective: Cystic lung cancer (CLC) presents diagnostic and treatment challenges due to its complex imaging features and unclear molecular mechanisms. Although surgery and standard chemotherapy are frequently used, there is limited information on targeted therapy and other precision treatments. It is crucial to comprehensively understand the molecular mechanisms and explore precision treatments based on targeted therapy.

The relationship between prognosis and temporal muscle thickness in 102 patients with glioblastoma.

Temporal muscle thickness measured on 3D MRI has recently been linked to prognosis in glioblastoma patients and may serve as an independent prognostic indicator. This single-center study looked at temporal muscle thickness and prognosis in patients with primary glioblastoma. Overall survival was the major study outcome.

Accuracy of Thoracic Ultrasonography for the Diagnosis of Pediatric Pneumonia: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

As an emerging imaging technique, thoracic ultrasonography (TUS) is increasingly utilized in the diagnosis of lung diseases in children and newborns, especially in emergency and critical settings. This systematic review aimed to estimate the diagnostic accuracy of TUS in childhood pneumonia. We searched Embase, PubMed, and Web of Science for studies until July 2023 using both TUS and chest radiography (CR) for the diagnosis of pediatric pneumonia.

Advances in the relationship between temporal muscle thickness and prognosis of patients with glioblastoma: a narrative review.

The most dangerous variety of glioma, glioblastoma, has a high incidence and fatality rate. The prognosis for patients is still bleak despite numerous improvements in treatment approaches. We urgently need to develop clinical parameters that can evaluate patients' conditions and predict their prognosis.

Role of Takeda G protein‑coupled receptor 5 in microvascular endothelial cell dysfunction in diabetic retinopathy (Review).

Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is a frequent microvascular complication of advanced-stage diabetes. Endothelial cell dysfunction (ED) induced by diabetes plays an important role in the development of DR. It is considered that inflammation and mitochondrial homeostasis are associated with the progression of ED.

The Regiocontrollable Enantioselective Synthesis of Chiral Trifluoromethyl-Containing Spiro-Pyrrolidine-Pyrazolone Compounds via Amino-Regulated 1,3-Proton Migration Reaction.

An amino-controlled regiodivergent asymmetric synthesis of CF-containing spiro-pyrrolidine-pyrazolone compounds is described. With alkaloid-derived squaramide as catalyst, the 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition of α,β-unsaturated pyrazolone with diethyl 2-((2,2,2-trifluoroethyl)imino) malonate offered adducts in excellent yields, dr, and ee. While the cyclohexanediamine-derived squaramide was employed, the reaction afforded a series of structure isomers through a switched umpolung reaction.

Upregulation of thioredoxin contributes to inhibiting diabetic hearing impairment.

Aims: Hair cell reduction was related to diabetes-induced hearing loss. Oxidative stress, endoplasmic reticulum stress, and autophagy participate in this process. Thioredoxin (Trx) is a protein with many biological functions which can regulate them.

Asymmetric synthesis of CF-containing tetrahydroquinoline via a thiourea-catalyzed cascade reaction.

An organocatalytic asymmetric method for the synthesis of 2-CF tetrahydroquinoline has been achieved. The cascade reaction of 2-aminochalcones with β-CF nitroalkenes afforded the products bearing three contiguous stereogenic centers in good yields with excellent diastereoselectivities and enantioselectivities.

Asymmetric Synthesis of α-Trifluoromethyl Pyrrolidines through Organocatalyzed 1,3-Dipolar Cycloaddition Reaction.

The optically active α-trifluoromethyl pyrrolidines have been achieved through organocatalyzed 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition reaction first. With diphenylprolinol trimethylsilyl ether as catalyst and in the presence of 3,5-dinitrobenzoic acid, the reaction of trifluoroethylamine-derived ketimine with 2-enals gave α-trifluoromethyl pyrrolidines bearing three contiguous stereogenic centers in excellent diastereoselectivies, stereoselectivities, and yields.

Asymmetric Synthesis of CF3- and Indole-Containing Thiochromanes via a Squaramide-Catalyzed Michael-Aldol Reaction.

A Michael-aldol reaction of 2-mercaptobenzaldehyde with β-indole-β-CF3 enones catalyzed by a squaramide has been realized. The method affords a series of 2-CF3-2-indole-substituted thiochromanes featuring a CF3-containing quaternary stereocenter in excellent yields, diastereoselectivities, and enantioselectivities.

Synthesis of Chiral α-Trifluoromethylamines with 2,2,2-Trifluoroethylamine as a "Building Block".

The β-isocupreidine, a cinchonine derived alkaloid, catalyzed asymmetric SN2'-SN2' reaction between N-2,2,2-trifluoroethylisatin ketimines and MBH type carbonates was realized in a simple and efficient way. A series of chiral α-trifluoromethylamines were prepared with excellent yields and stereoselectivities. A subsequent and easy process of deprotection gave γ-trifluoromethyl-α-methylenelactam in a stereoselective manner.