Genetic diversity and relationships of broomcorn millet based on trnT-trnL and GBSSI sequences.

Broomcorn millet (Panicum miliaceum L.) is the oldest crop originating in China. The routes of transmission have been the focus of broomcorn millet research.

The B1-TaHDA6 module negatively regulates root hair length through reactive oxygen species homeostasis in wheat.

Root hairs serve as a crucial interface between plants and soil, facilitating efficient water and nutrient uptake. However, the genetic mechanisms governing root hair traits in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) remain largely unexplored.

Prevalence and factors with potentially inappropriate prescribing among older outpatients with depression: a multicentre study across China.

Background: Older outpatients with depression are at high risk for potentially inappropriate prescription (PIP). This investigation sought to determine the frequency and associated factors of PIP within Chinese older adults.

Methods: This cross-sectional study used prescription data from older outpatients with depression from 90 hospitals in seven cities in China from January-December 2021.

Trends of potentially inappropriate prescribing among older outpatients in China between 2015-21.

Background: Potentially inappropriate medication (PIM) remains a significant global concern due to its association with adverse drug events in older adults. The prevalence of potentially inappropriate prescriptions (PIPs) varies considerably across different countries. However, there is a lack of evidence using standardised Chinese national criteria to explore variations in prescribing trends.

A natural variation in the promoter of TaGDSL-7D contributes to grain weight and yield in wheat.

Grain weight (GW) is a critical agronomic trait that greatly impacts wheat yield, yet the underlying genetic factors remain largely unknown. Here, we identify and characterize a candidate gene TaGDSL-7D controlling GW in wheat through map-based cloning, which encodes an ER-located GDSL-family protein. Natural variations within the promoter of the GW-enhancing TaGDSL-7D allele result in a differential transcriptional response by promoting the binding of the TaGT1 transcription factor, a positive GW regulator.

Lifetime Cost-Effectiveness of Using the Chinese Diabetes Risk Score for Prediabetes Screening in China.

Objectives: To more comprehensively evaluate the lifetime cost-effectiveness of different prediabetes screening strategies based on the Chinese Diabetes Risk Score (CDRS) from a societal perspective and to explore the impact of different CDRS cutoff values on the evaluation.

Methods: A Markov model encompassing the complete natural history of type 2 diabetes was developed to compare costs, cumulative prevalence of type 2 diabetes complications, mortality rates, and quality-adjusted life years of 3 screening strategies: (1) the control group, the current screening strategy; (2) strategy 1, CDRS screening for all adults; and (3) strategy 2, supplemental CDRS screening for adults without annual health checkups. It was assumed that the individual exited the model upon reaching 80 years old or death in the model.

Identifying the mediating role of brain atrophy on the relationship between DNA damage repair pathway and Alzheimer's disease: A Mendelian randomization analysis and mediation analysis.

BackgroundDNA damage and repair (DDR) and structural atrophies in different brain regions were recognized as critical factors in the onset of Alzheimer's disease (AD).ObjectiveWe utilized Mendelian randomization (MR) to examine the causal effects of the DDR-related molecular traits on AD and the potential mediating roles of different brain region volumes.MethodsIn primary analysis, we utilized public genome-wide association studies of AD and summary data from existing molecular traits datasets, including gene expression, DNA methylation, and protein levels quantitative trait loci (eQTL, mQTL, and pQTL) in both blood and brain to examine their causal associations by summary-data-based MR analysis and additional five two-sample MR methods.

Prevalence and Factors with Potentially Inappropriate Prescribing among Older Surgical Outpatients in China: A Nationwide Cross-sectional Study in 100 Hospitals.

Background: Older outpatients face a heightened risk of potentially inappropriate prescribing (PIP). However, there is a paucity of evidence evaluating PIP in older outpatients attending surgical outpatient departments in China using Chinese-specific criteria. This study aimed to assess the prevalence of PIP and identify associated factors within this population.

Effects of different rearing systems on the development of uropygial gland in three goose breeds.

This study aimed to investigate and compare the age-dependent effects of net-floor mixed rearing system (MRS) and cage rearing system (CRS) on the development-related parameters of uropygial glands among three economically important goose breeds, including Sichuan White goose (SW), Gang goose (GE), and Landes goose (LD). All goslings were reared under the similar environmental conditions during the first 10 post-hatching weeks, and the goslings of each breed were then equally divided into the MRS and CRS groups. At weeks 30 and 43, eight geese from each experimental group per breed were randomly selected for morphometric and histological measurements of the uropygial glands, including Hematoxylin and Eosin (H&E) and oil red O-staining.

Impact of Chinese criteria on potentially inappropriate medication use in China.

Background: In 2018, China issued a set of criteria for effectively identifying and managing potentially inappropriate medication (PIM) use in older adults. However, there is currently a lack of evidence regarding the impact of these criteria on PIM use among older Chinese adults.

Methods: We used interrupted time series analysis on the prescription data of older outpatients from 59 hospitals in six major geographic regions of China to compare changes in the overall prevalence of PIM use, the prevalence of PIM use stratified by different numbers of PIMs, and the prevalence of top five PIMs (i.

Identification of the crucial circ-mi-mRNA interaction networks regulating testicular development and spermatogenesis in ganders.

Semen quality has an important impact on the reproductive performance of ganders, and the quantity and quality of spermatozoa in semen are the determinants of semen quality. In our practical work, a small number of azoospermic ganders were observed in adult goose breeding populations, but the underlying regulatory mechanisms remain unknown. In the present study, we firstly compared the morphological and histological differences in the testes of ganders from normozoospermic group (NG) and azoospermic group (AG), and then analyzed the testicular expression patterns of circRNAs, miRNAs, and mRNAs between the two groups by using whole-transcriptome sequencing technology.

Modification of gemcitabine with oxaliplatin in China for unresectable gallbladder cancer: a cost-effectiveness analysis.

Background: The incidence of gall bladder cancer (GBC), one of the most prevalent bile duct malignancies, differs with ethnicity and geographic location. To treat unresected GBC in the Chinese setting, this study aimed to assess the financial effectiveness of a combination of modified gemcitabine and oxaliplatin.

Methods: Data from a randomized controlled study in which individuals with metastatic GBC were treated with oxaliplatin and gemcitabine demonstrated improved survival.

The prevalence and factors associated with potentially inappropriate medications in Chinese older outpatients with heart failure.

Background: Potentially inappropriate medications (PIMs) can lead to adverse outcomes. This study aimed to investigate the prevalence of PIMs in older Chinese outpatients with heart failure according to the 2019 Beers criteria and the factors associated with PIMs.

Methods: A cross-sectional retrospective study was conducted using electronic medical data during January 1, 2020 to December 31, 2020 from 9 tertiary medical institutions in Chengdu, China.

Study on the embryotoxic effects and potential mechanisms of Aconitum diterpenoid alkaloids in rat whole embryo culture through morphological and transcriptomic analysis.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: The lateral root of Aconitum carmichaelii Debeaux, or Fuzi, is recognized in Asia for its anti-inflammatory, analgesic, and cardiotonic effects. Its main active compounds are diester diterpenoid alkaloids (DDAs) such as aconitine (AC), mesoacitine (MA), and hypoaconitine (HA), which are also toxic and have a narrow therapeutic window, limiting their clinical use. Although Aconitum DDAs are known for cardiotoxic and neurotoxic effects, their impact on embryonic development remains unclear.

Inhibition of PAD4-mediated neutrophil extracellular traps formation attenuates hypoxic-ischemic brain injury in neonatal mice.

Neonatal hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy (HIE) is the primary cause of neonatal mortality and severe neurological sequelae. The interaction of neuroinflammation with the immune system represents a significant pathological mechanism underlying the development of HIE. Neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) are a recently identified antimicrobial mechanism utilized by neutrophils.

Quercetin alleviates neonatal hypoxic-ischaemic brain injury by rebalancing microglial M1/M2 polarization through silent information regulator 1/ high mobility group box-1 signalling.

Neonatal hypoxic-ischaemic encephalopathy (HIE) remains one of the major causes of neonatal death and long-term neurological disability. Due to its complex pathogenesis, there are still many challenges in its treatment. In our previous studies, we found that quercetin can alleviate neurological dysfunction after hypoxic-ischaemic brain injury (HIBI) in neonatal mice.

The TaWAK2-TaNAL1-TaDST pathway regulates leaf width via cytokinin signaling in wheat.

Leaves play a crucial role in photosynthesis and respiration, ultimately affecting the final grain yield of crops, including wheat ( L.); however, the molecular mechanisms underlying wheat leaf development remain largely unknown. Here, we isolated a narrow-leaf gene, , through a map-based cloning strategy.

The neutrophil extracellular traps in neurological diseases: an update.

Neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) released by neutrophils are web-like DNA structures adhered to granulin proteins with bactericidal activity and can be an important mechanism for preventing pathogen dissemination or eliminating microorganisms. However, they also play important roles in diseases of other systems, such as the central nervous system. We tracked the latest advances and performed a review based on published original and review articles related to NETs and neurological diseases.

Cost-effectiveness analysis of bevacizumab combined with lomustine in the treatment of progressive glioblastoma using a Markov model simulation analysis.

Background: Progressive glioblastoma (GBM) is a malignancy with extremely poor prognosis. Chemotherapy is one of the approved systemic treatment modalities. The aim of this study is to assess the cost-effectiveness of using bevacizumab (BEV) in combination with lomustine (LOM) regimen for the treatment of progressive glioblastoma in China.

Natural variation of STKc_GSK3 kinase TaSG-D1 contributes to heat stress tolerance in Indian dwarf wheat.

Heat stress threatens global wheat (Triticum aestivum) production, causing dramatic yield losses worldwide. Identifying heat tolerance genes and comprehending molecular mechanisms are essential. Here, we identify a heat tolerance gene, TaSG-D1, in Indian dwarf wheat (Triticum sphaerococcum), which encodes an STKc_GSK3 kinase.

Machine learning-based prediction of in-hospital mortality for critically ill patients with sepsis-associated acute kidney injury.

Objectives: This study aims to develop and validate a prediction model in-hospital mortality in critically ill patients with sepsis-associated acute kidney injury (SA-AKI) based on machine learning algorithms.

Methods: Patients who met the criteria for inclusion were identified in the Medical Information Mart for Intensive Care-IV (MIMIC-IV) database and divided according to the validation ( = 2440) and development ( = 9756, 80%) queues. Ensemble stepwise feature selection method was used to screen for effective features.