Iridoid glycosides and phenolic glycosides from Gentiana rhodantha and their anti-inflammatory activities.

Seven previously undescribed glycosides, including four iridoid glycosides (1, 2, 4, and 5), three phenolic glucosides (18, 21, and 22), together with nineteen known compounds, were isolated from the ethanol extract of Gentiana rhodantha Franch. Their structures were determined by analysis of 1D and 2D NMR, HRESIMS, X-ray diffraction, NMR calculation, and electronic circular dichroism (ECD) calculation. Among them, compound 21 was a novel highly rearranged endo-phenolic analogue with a unique skeleton.

The effect of preoperative oral carbohydrate on the perioperative period of fibula free flap surgery in patients with oral cancer: a retrospective study.

Objective: This study examines the effects of preoperative oral carbohydrates on the perioperative period of Fibula Free Flap surgery in oral cancer patients, aiming to enhance postoperative recovery.

Methods: The study involved 89 patients who underwent fibula flap reconstruction surgery from January to December 2023. Patients were divided into control and experimental groups based on admission time.

Hollow Cu/Pt Interspersed GO Nanosheets Cascade Triggering Catalytic Signal Amplification for Colorimetric/SERS Sensing of in Clinical Samples.

Rapid and precise detection of () is crucial for early diagnosis, treatment of infectious ailments, and controlling outbreaks. Herein, we present a rapid, streamlined, and sensitive method for screening based on a hollow copper/platinum interspersed graphene oxide nanosheets (Cu/Pt-GO)-mediated cascade responsiveness strategy. The Cu/Pt-GO nanozymes were proposed to catalyze the colorless 3,3',5,5'-tetramethylbenzidine (TMB) to colored oxidized TMB (oxTMB) with enhanced SERS signals, achieving colorimetric/SERS dual-model detection.

Multifunctional Gold Nanoclusters for a Lung Tissue Distribution Study of a Novel Anti-asthma Inhaled Antibody.

Pulmonary delivery of monoclonal antibodies has revolutionized the treatment of various types of lung diseases, such as severe asthma. However, the inconsistent antibody drug concentrations in the lungs and serum highlight the importance of monitoring the actual antibody distribution change in the lungs. In this study, we developed a novel antibody-functionalized gold nanocluster with high spatiotemporal resolution for fluorescence/CT dual-modal imaging based on an antibody targeting an allergic-airway-inflammation-related free cytokine in lungs.

Transposon Dynamics Drive Genome Evolution and Regulate Genetic Mechanisms of Agronomic Traits in Cotton.

Transposable elements (TEs) serve as important drivers mediating polyploidization events and phenotypic diversification in plant genomes. However, the dynamic changes in various TE subclasses post-polyploidization and their mechanisms of influencing phenotypic variation require further investigation. The allopolyploid species, originating from two diploid progenitors, provide an ideal model for studying TE dynamics following polyploidization.

Oxidative Stress Triggers Porcine Ovarian Granulosa Cell Apoptosis Through MAPK Signaling.

Follicle health determines the number and quality of sows' ovulation, thereby influencing the litter size and the piglets' viability. Granulosa cells (GCs) play a crucial role in follicular formation and development, and oxidative stress-induced GC death is a major cause of follicular dysplasia. Previous studies have confirmed that oxidative stress triggers apoptosis in granulosa cells.

Evaluation of forage production performance and prediction of introduction adaptability for different germplasms in the southeast edge of the Qinghai-Tibet plateau.

Introduction: The grassland degradation and harsh climate in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau (QTP) have constrained forage production, thereby impeding the development of animal husbandry in pastoral areas of China. The effective cultivation of high-yielding could help alleviate this constraint.

Methods: This study comprehensively evaluated the forage yield and related agronomic traits of 62 germplasms.

Innovative PDK1-Degrading PROTACs Transform Cancer Aerobic Glycolysis and Induce Immunogenic Cell Death in Breast Cancer.

Cancer cells are characterized by the Warburg effect, which hijacks glycolysis and hinders OXPHOS. Pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase 1 (PDK1) is a key modulator in the Warburg effect and is highly expressed in tumor cells. We utilize PROTAC technology to design compounds that could achieve long-lasting degradation on PDK1.

Beyond evidence accumulation: shared-goal belief guides action generalization in social groups.

People tend to generalize the actions of known group members to new ones when they are both members of the same group. This study was conducted to investigate how the prevalence of specific actions among multiple individuals determines action generalization within social groups. We propose that people rely on the belief that group members work toward a shared goal (i.

Clinicopathologic, immunohistochemical and genomic characterization of urothelial carcinoma with myxoid and chordoid features.

Aims: To comprehensively characterize the clinicopathologic, immunohistochemical and genomic features of urothelial carcinoma with myxoid and chordoid features (UCMC), a rare histologic subtype of urothelial carcinoma with fewer than 50 reported cases in the literature.

Methods And Results: We retrospectively identified and analysed eight cases of UCMC using clinicopathologic information, immunohistochemistry and molecular profiling by DNA next-generation sequencing. Genomic analysis revealed a heterogeneous molecular profile, with alterations previously implicated in urothelial carcinoma, including p53/Rb/cell cycle pathway genes (6/7 cases), histone modification genes (6/7 cases) and FGFR3/PIK3CA signalling pathway genes (5/7 cases).

Accumulation of newly synthesized docosahexaenoic acid plays an essential role in heart regeneration.

Adult zebrafish and neonatal mice can fully regenerate their hearts after partial amputation through proliferation of pre-existing cardiomyocytes (CMs). However, the adult mammalian heart has limited regenerative capability following cardiac damage. The reason for this phenomenon remains elusive.

Predicting symptomatic carotid artery plaques with radiomics-based carotid perivascular adipose tissue characteristics: a multicenter, multiclassifier study.

Objective: This study aims to differentiate between symptomatic and asymptomatic plaques using a computed tomography angiography (CTA)-based radiomics model of perivascular adipose tissue (PVAT).

Methods: Patients were categorized into symptomatic and asymptomatic groups based on the presence or absence of acute ischemic stroke or transient ischemic attack in the anterior cerebral circulation within two weeks prior to the CTA examination. The clinical information of all patients was collected and analyzed, and the PVAT features of CTA images were further analyzed to clarify their correlation with plaque classification.

CT-based auto-segmentation of multiple target volumes for all-in-one radiotherapy in rectal cancer patients.

Background: This study aimed to evaluate the clinical feasibility and performance of CT-based auto-segmentation models integrated into an All-in-One radiotherapy workflow for rectal cancer.

Methods: This study included 312 rectal cancer patients, with 272 used to train three nnU-Net models for CTV45, CTV50, and GTV segmentation, and 40 for evaluation across one internal ( = 10), one clinical AIO ( = 10), and two external cohorts ( = 10 each). Segmentation accuracy (DSC, HD, HD95, ASSD, ASD) and time efficiency were assessed.

Prognostic covariates associated with outcomes in patients with NPM1-mutated acute myeloid leukemia.

Background: NPM1  mutacute myeloid leukemia (AML) patients have greater heterogeneity. However, data on the comprehensive integration of clinical and genetic data in NPM1  mutAML patients are limited, especially in the FLT3 inhibitor era.

Methods: Data from consecutive AML patients with NPM1  mut/FLT3-ITDwt (n = 203) and NPM1  mut/FLT3-ITDmut (n = 115) were reviewed.

The complete mitochondrial genome and phylogenetic analysis of (Chiroptera: Rhinolophidae).

, widely distributed in the valleys of India and southern China. The mitochondrial DNA of is packaged in a compact 16,900-basepair (bp) circular molecule with A + T content of 55.9%.

Innovative emulsification and freeze-drying techniques for developing heat-resistant chocolates with tunable textures and sensory attributes.

The development of heat-resistant chocolate that meets customer preferences has been a longstanding challenge for both industry and academia. This study presented an innovative method for producing freeze-dried (FD) chocolate with enhanced heat resistance by integrating emulsification and freeze-drying technologies without altering the chocolate composition. Cryo-electron microscopy and X-ray microscopy revealed a unique microstructure in the product, where water-soluble components, such as sugar, formed a matrix that encapsulated fat-soluble components such as cocoa butter, providing heat resistance up to 70 °C.

Altered glucose metabolism in B cells: Implications for the pathogenesis and treatment of autoimmune diseases.

Introduction: Metabolic dysregulation in immune cells is increasingly recognized as a contributing factor in autoimmune diseases. B lymphocytes, which play key roles in immune tolerance and autoantibody production, show altered glucose metabolism. This review examines the role of glucose metabolism in B cell function and its potential impact on autoimmune pathogenesis.

Variants Predicted Poor Outcomes in Acute Myeloid Leukemia Patients with bZIP In-Frame Mutations.

CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein alpha-basic leucine zipper in-frame () mutations are associated with favorable outcomes in acute myeloid leukemia (AML). So far, there are limited data on integrating clinical and genomic features impacting the outcomes. Clinical and genomic data from consecutive patients with were reviewed.

Fatigue, anxiety and depression in parents of children with retinoblastoma: a cohort study.

Background: Retinoblastoma (RB) is the most common primary ocular malignancy in childhood, possibly causing vision loss and even a threat to life. Parents, as the primary caregivers of children with RB, are prone to negative emotions such as fatigue, anxiety, and depression. This study aimed to investigate the longitudinal fluctuations in fatigue, anxiety, and depression in parents of children with RB and the factors influencing them.

High-efficiency co-registration of OPM-MEG and MRI using point cloud processing.

Optically pumped magnetometers (OPMs) offer high temporal and spatial resolution for magnetoencephalography (MEG) applications, particularly in noninvasive brain mapping and epilepsy diagnosis. However, effective MEG-MRI co-registration remains challenging. This study presents a novel co-registration technique utilizing OPMs to achieve rapid registration speeds and submillimeter precision, addressing the limitations of traditional methods.

A citrullinated histone H3 monoclonal antibody for immune modulation in sepsis.

Citrullinated histone H3 (CitH3), released from immune cells during early sepsis, drives a vicious cycle of inflammation through excessive NETosis and pyroptosis, causing immune dysfunction and tissue damage. To regulate this process, we develop a humanized CitH3 monoclonal antibody (hCitH3-mAb) with high affinity and specificity to target this process. In murine models, hCitH3-mAb reduces cytokine production, mortality and acute lung injury (ALI) caused by LPS and Pseudomonas aeruginosa while enhancing bacteria phagocytosis in the lungs, spleen, and liver.

Diagnostic Pitfalls of -Rearranged Perivascular Epithelioid Cell Tumor of the Kidney.

-rearranged perivascular epithelioid cell tumors (PEComas) of the kidney are rare, with fewer than 50 examples reported in the literature. A 32-year-old man presented with an 8.2 cm right renal mass and bulky retroperitoneal lymphadenopathy, raising concern for lymphoma versus renal cell carcinoma (RCC).

Trend of cancer mortality of the female reproductive system in China from 2005 to 2018 and prediction to 2035: A log-linear regression and Bayesian age-period- cohort analysis.

Objective: In recent years, the number of deaths from female reproductive system cancer in China has been continuously increasing, and there are relatively few studies on their mortality situation. This study aimed to analyze the mortality rate and its trend of the female reproductive system cancer in China from 2005 to 2018, to predict the situation until 2035, and to provide scientific basis for the prevention and control of the female reproductive system cancer in China.

Methods: The mortality rate latest data of the female reproductive system cancer was obtained from the Chinese Cancer Registry Annual Report from 2008 to 2021.

Pharmacokinetic, biodistribution, safety and efficacy studies of borophenylalanine (BPA) in BNCT in hepatocellular carcinoma cells and tumor-bearing mouse model.

Boron neutron capture therapy (BNCT), using boronophenylalanine (BPA) as the main boron carrier, is a dual-targeted particle radiotherapy at the cellular level. Although BPA shows clinical promise in liver cancer, there is relatively little basic research on its effect on hepatocellular carcinoma. Therefore, we systematically evaluated the uptake, safety, pharmacokinetics, and therapeutic efficacy of BPA.

ED and ED of hypobaric ropivacaine during unilateral spinal anesthesia in older patients undergoing hip replacement surgery.

Objective: The spinal block was limited to the operative side during unilateral spinal anesthesia, which has less physiological interference and fewer complications for the patient. The optimal dose of ropivacaine for unilateral spinal anesthesia is still unclear. The aim of this trial was to investigate the ED and ED of hypobaric ropivacaine during unilateral spinal anesthesia in older patients undergoing hip arthroplasty.