Production of furfural from regenerated hemicellulose via solid acid catalysis, ultrasonic pretreatment and microwave irradiation.

This study focused on the valorization of Pinus koraiensis seed scale residues for furfural production from regenerated hemicellulose via solid acid catalysis. The optimized process included solid acid catalysis, ultrasonic pretreatment, and microwave-assisted processing, and the optimal conditions were 50 % ethanol (30:1 mL/g), 80 W of ultrasonic power (10 min, 40 °C), 3 % solid acid, and 385 W of microwave power (20 min), resulting in a theoretical furfural yield of 10.50 mg/g and an actual yield of 10.

Mediation of macrophage M1 polarization dynamics change by ubiquitin-autophagy-pathway regulated NLRP3 inflammasomes in PD-1 inhibitor-related myocardial inflammatory injury.

Objective And Design: Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs)-induced cardiac injury is a life-threatening immune-related adverse events (irAEs). However, the current understanding of its pathogenesis and therapeutic options is relatively limited. We aimed to provide a comprehensive overview of the myocardial inflammatory injury process and underlying mechanisms associated with ICIs.

CRF12 specifically regulates the flowering time of Arabidopsis thaliana under non-inductive conditions.

The flowering time of Arabidopsis thaliana, a model plant, is significantly accelerated when exposed to long-day (LD) conditions, as it is a typical LD plant. Consequently, the investigation of the flowering regulatory network in A. thaliana under LD conditions has garnered considerable attention in the study of flowering signals, resulting in a significant breakthrough.

Diversity of Soil Microbial Communities in the Bulk and Rhizosphere Soils of Acanthopanax senticosus in Different Habitats.

Comprehending the interplay between the microbial communities of bulk soil (BS) and rhizosphere soil (RS) holds crucial significance in maintaining soil health and fertility, as well as enhancing crop quality. Our research focused on examining these microbial communities in BS and RS of Acanthopanax senticosus, along with their correlation with soil nutrients, across three distinct habitats in Yichun, Heilongjiang Province. To achieve this, we employed high-throughput sequencing technology, specifically targeting the 16S and amplicon regions.

Dual efficacy of tocilizumab in managing PD-1 inhibitors-induced myocardial inflammatory injury and suppressing tumor growth with PD-1 inhibitors: a preclinical study.

The combined use of tocilizumab (TCZ) and immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) in cancer treatment is gaining attention, but preclinical studies are lacking. Our study aims to investigate the synergistic anti-tumor effect of TCZ combined with ICIs and its role in treating immune-related adverse events (irAEs). The clinical significance of high interleukin-6 (IL-6) expression in tumor patients was analyzed from the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database.

Waist-to-height ratio and body roundness index: superior predictors of insulin resistance in Chinese adults and take gender and age into consideration.

Background And Objectives: Metabolic disease has become a global health concern, and insulin resistance (IR) is a crucial underlying mechanism in various metabolic diseases. This study aims to compare the ability of seven anthropometric indicators in predicting IR in the Chinese population, and to find more sensitive and simple anthropometric indicator for early identification of IR.

Methods: This prospective cross-sectional study obtained participants' medical history, anthropometric indicators, and serum samples from three hospitals in China.

Clinical characteristics and predictive indictors of macrolide-unresponsive pneumonia in children: a retrospective study.

Introduction: Macrolide-unresponsive pneumonia (MUMPP) cases have been rapidly increasing. The primary reason for this increased incidence is the pathogen's acquisition of resistance through mutations in 23S rRNA genes. Due to the unfeasibility of testing for macrolide susceptibility at the time of admission, this study aimed to assess the clinical features of pediatric MUMPP, using insights from laboratory tests and patterns of chest radiographic resolution.

Phytochemistry and pharmacological activities of Cannabis sativa fruit (Cannabis Fructus).

Cannabis sativa fruit (Cannabis Fructus) refers to the dried and ripe fruit of Cannabis sativa L. It is widely distributed in the northeast, North, and South China. It has medicinal, ecological, and economic values.

The correlation between HOMA-IR and cardiometabolic risk index among different metabolic adults: a cross-sectional study.

Aims: This study aimed to explore the correlation between homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance(HOMA-IR)and cardiometabolic risk index(CMRI) among different metabolic adults to evaluate the value of HOMA-IR in predicting cardiometabolic risk.

Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted over 18 months (from August 1, 2020 to February 18, 2022) and included 1550 participants divided into non-metabolic syndrome (non-MetS) group (n = 628) and metabolic syndrome (MetS) group (n = 922) in three centers of China. Logistic regression analysis was employed to investigate the correlation between HOMA-IR, body fat percentage, BMI (body mass index), visceral fat index, waist-to-hip ratio, vitamin D, and CMRI.

Correlation between newborn weight and serum BCAAs in pregnant women with diabetes.

Background: Branched-chain amino acids (BCAAs), including leucine, isoleucine, and valine, are essential amino acids for mammals. Maternal BCAAs during pregnancy have been associated with newborn development. Meanwhile, BCAAs have been tightly linked with insulin resistance and diabetes in recent years.

Study on the extraction, purification, stability, free radical scavenging kinetics, polymerization degree and characterization of proanthocyanidins from Pinus koraiensis seed scales.

To efficiently harness resources from Pinus koraiensis seed scales, a type of forestry waste, rigorous studies on the extraction, purification, stability, and free radical scavenging capacity of the proanthocyanidins derived from these seed scales were conducted. Kinetic models showed that under ultrasonic conditions, the proanthocyanidins content reached 2.66 mg/g within 0.

Transcription factor OsWRKY11 induces rice heading at low concentrations but inhibits rice heading at high concentrations.

The heading date of rice is a crucial agronomic characteristic that influences its adaptability to different regions and its productivity potential. Despite the involvement of WRKY transcription factors in various biological processes related to development, the precise mechanisms through which these transcription factors regulate the heading date in rice have not been well elucidated. The present study identified OsWRKY11 as a WRKY transcription factor which exhibits a pivotal function in the regulation of the heading date in rice through a comprehensive screening of a clustered regularly interspaced palindromic repeats (CRISPR) ‒ CRISPR-associated nuclease 9 mutant library that specifically targets the WRKY genes in rice.

Transcription factor OsWRKY72 controls rice leaf angle by regulating LAZY1-mediated shoot gravitropism.

Leaf angle is a major trait of ideal architecture, which is considered to influence rice (Oryza sativa) cultivation and grain yield. Although a few mutants with altered rice leaf inclination angles have been reported, the underlying molecular mechanism remains unclear. In this study, we showed that a WRKY transcription factor gene, OsWRKY72, was highly expressed in the leaf sheath and lamina joint.

Reflecting on the cardiac toxicity in non-small cell lung cancer in the era of immune checkpoint inhibitors therapy combined with thoracic radiotherapy.

In recent years, immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have become a widely used treatment for non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), and the combination with traditional radiotherapy (RT) has shown significant potential in prolonging patient survival. However, both thoracic RT and ICIs can lead to cardiac toxicity, including radiation-induced heart damage (RIHD) and immunotherapy-related heart damage (IRHD). It still remains uncertain whether the combination of thoracic RT and immunotherapy will exacerbate acute or late cardiovascular (CV) toxicity and incidence.

Microwave-accelerated cross-dehydrogenative-coupling (CDC) of -(quinolin-8-yl)amides with acetone/acetonitrile under metal-free conditions.

A highly selective remote C(sp)-H acetonation of -(quinolin-8-yl)amide scaffolds at the C5-position under microwave irradiation has been developed. In the absence of a transition-metal-catalyst, benzoyl peroxide (BPO)-promoted cross-dehydrogenation coupling (CDC) of -(quinolin-8-yl)amides with acetone/acetonitrile occurred smoothly to generate the corresponding 5-acetonated/acetonitriled -(quinolin-8-yl)amides in good yields. The transformation is operationally simple, rapid, easily scaled-up to the gram scale, and shows a broad substrate scope.

Identification and characterization of genes in .

Introduction: genes encode plant-specific transcription factors, which regulate various biological processes such as growth, development, and secondary metabolite accumulation.

Methods: We conducted whole-genome analysis of Chinese dwarf cherry () to identify genes and characterize the structure, motif composition, cis-acting elements, chromosomal distribution, and collinearity of these genes as well as the physical and chemical properties, amino acid sequences, and phylogenetic evolution of the encoded proteins.

Results: The results revealed the presence of 25 genes in genome.

Arrhythmic events associated with immune checkpoint inhibitors therapy: A real-world study based on the Food and Drug Administration Adverse Event Reporting System database.

Background: Although arrhythmias have been reported in patients treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs), the association between arrhythmias and ICIs has not been thoroughly evaluated in real-world studies. We aimed to describe the major features of ICI-related arrhythmic events and identify the factors that contributed to death.

Methods: A disproportionality analysis was performed using data from the Food and Drug Administration Adverse Event Reporting System (FAERS) database from January 2011 to December 2021.

The chloroplast genome of and characterization of chloroplast regulatory elements.

is a rare alpine tree species in the genus. Unfortunately, no extensive germplasm identification, molecular phylogeny, and chloroplast genomics of this plant have been conducted. We sequenced the chloroplast (cp) genome of for the first time using second-generation sequencing technology.

Xiaoketongbi Formula vs pregabalin for painful diabetic neuropathy: A single-center, randomized, single-blind, double-dummy, and parallel controlled clinical trial.

Background: We assessed the efficacy and safety of the Xiaoketongbi Formula (XF) vs. pregabalin in patients with painful diabetic neuropathy (PDN).

Methods: Patients with PDN (n = 68) were included in a single-center, randomized, single-blind, double-dummy, parallel controlled clinical trial.

[Non-carcinogenic Risk Assessment of Cadmium Exposure Through Drinking Water in Chinese Residents Based on Age-stratification Weight].

Drinking water is an important cadmium (Cd) exposure pathway for residents in China. In order to quantitatively characterize the risk of cadmium exposure through drinking water, the Cd concentrations of three main drinking water types in China were collected via systematic literature review. The probability distribution of the exposure parameters was estimated using regression models.

Clinical Evidence on the Use of Chinese Herbal Medicine for Acute Infectious Diseases: An Overview of Systematic Reviews.

Acute infectious diseases constitute the most prevalent public health emergency (PHE) in China. Chinese herbal medicine (CHM) has long been used in the treatment of acute infections, but the overall evidence of its benefit and harm has not been comprehensively and systematically evaluated. We searched CBM, CNKI, Wanfang, PubMed, Cochrane Library, embase and preprint platforms to retrieve systematic reviews (SRs) on CHM for acute infectious.

PD-1 inhibitor causes pathological injury to multiple organs in a Lewis lung cancer mouse model.

Recently, immunotherapy has become one of the most promising strategies in the treatment of malignant tumors. However, nonspecific immune activation may lead to immunotherapy-related adverse effects (irAEs). IrAEs involve almost all organs and may be life-threatening.

[Research Progress of Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor-associated Myocarditis].

Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) is a negative regulatory factor antibody, which activates T cells to play an anti-tumor effect in immunotherapy, and can also cause immune-related adverse responses, thereby inducing a series of immune related adverse events (irAEs). Among these irAEs, although the incidence of ICIs-related myocarditis is very low, the fatality rate is significantly higher than other adverse reactions, close to 50%. Clinicians should be vigilant when applying ICIs, but the pathogenesis of ICIs-related myocarditis is still unclear.

[Probabilistic Risk Assessment of Arsenic Exposure Through Drinking Water Intake in Chinese Residents].

The total arsenic concentrations of the three main drinking water types in China were determined through a systematic literature review. The distribution models of drinking water exposure parameters for different age groups were obtained using the regression method. The carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic risks of different population groups caused by arsenic exposure through different drinking water types were evaluated by a probabilistic risk assessment.