Engineering silica-stabilized Pickering emulsions as versatile protein carriers.

Oil-in-water (o/w) Pickering emulsions (PEs), featuring multi-leveled structures and particle-assembled interfaces, have emerged as promising platforms for biomedical applications, due to their superior stability and biocompatibility compared to conventional surfactant-stabilized emulsions. In this study, silica nanoparticles (SNPs) with tunable sizes, surface charges, and morphologies were synthesized and utilized as stabilizers for o/w PEs. Bovine serum albumin and varicella-zoster virus glycoprotein E were selected as model proteins to evaluate the feasibility of SNP-stabilized PEs as protein carriers.

Efficient induction of tetraploids via adventitious bud regeneration and subsequent phenotypic variation in Acacia melanoxylon.

BACKGROUND ACACIA MELANOXYLON: is an important species for establishing pulpwood plantations due to its high application value in engineered wood products. However, the lack of a well-established in vitro regeneration system has severely constrained its industrial-scale propagation and the induction of tetraploids. RESULTS: In this study, using the superior A.

Dual-Targeting Mn@CeO Nanozyme-Modified Probiotic Hydrogel Microspheres Reshape Gut Homeostasis in Inflammatory Bowel Disease.

Oral microecological agents show potential in reshaping intestinal microbiota and treating inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), but their clinical application is hindered by gastrointestinal challenges, antioxidant instability, and ineffective targeted delivery. In this study, we proposed a protective modification strategy utilizing a nanozyme coating and an alginate microsphere system to enhance the delivery efficiency, effectiveness, and precision of probiotics. By incorporating Mn into CeO, Mn@CeO nanozyme was synthesized, significantly boosting ROS scavenging activity both and at safe dosages.

PagHB7/PagABF4-PagEPFL9 Module Regulates Stomatal Density and Drought Tolerance in Poplar.

Epidermal patterning factor-like 9 (EPFL9) influences stomatal density and growth in poplar. There have been no reports on homeobox 7 (HB7) and ABRE binding factor 4 (ABF4) regulating stomatal density or drought tolerance by targeting EPFL9 in poplar. This study revealed that EPFL9 was specifically localised in guard cells in leaves and responded to drought stress.

Engineering a Lipid Nanoparticle with Atypical Calcium Crystal Structure for Enhanced IFNβ-Mediated Immunotherapy.

Immune checkpoint inhibitors have revolutionized cancer therapy; however, many patients exhibit suboptimal responses, which is due to inadequate T cell priming by the innate immune response. Metal ions play a critical role in modulating the innate immune response. However, the mechanisms by which metal ions facilitate dendritic cell maturation through the activation of interferon remain poorly understood.

Decoding breast cancer imaging trends: the role of AI and radiomics through bibliometric insights.

Background: Radiomics and AI have been widely used in breast cancer imaging, but a comprehensive systematic analysis is lacking. Therefore, this study aims to conduct a bibliometrics analysis in this field to discuss its research status and frontier hotspots and provide a reference for subsequent research.

Methods: Publications related to AI, radiomics, and breast cancer imaging were searched in the Web of Science Core Collection.

Prevalence and risk factors of osteopenia in adults with short bowel syndrome: a retrospective longitudinal cohort study.

Background: Metabolic Bone Disease (MBD) is common in patients with short bowel syndrome (SBS). This study was to investigate the incidence and risk factors of osteopenia in adult SBS patients.

Methods: Hospital records from January 2010 to December 2019 were used to identify all eligible patients.

Research trends of artificial intelligence and radiomics in lung cancer: a bibliometric analysis.

Background: Extensive research on the application of artificial intelligence (AI) and radiomics in lung cancer has been published in recent years; however, it is necessary to identify the current status, hotspots, and trends in the field. Thus, this study conducted a bibliometric analysis of relevant studies to investigate the application of AI and radiomics in lung cancer.

Methods: Related publications were retrieved from the Web of Science Core Collection (WoSCC).

Targeted Analysis of Mitochondrial Protein Conformations and Interactions by Endogenous ROS-Triggered Cross-Linker Release.

The study of in situ conformations and interactions of mitochondrial proteins plays a crucial role in understanding their biological functions. Current chemical cross-linking mass spectrometry (CX-MS) has difficulty in achieving in-depth analysis of mitochondrial proteins for cells without genetic modification. Herein, this work develops the reactive oxygen species (ROS)-responsive cross-linker delivery nanoparticles (R-CDNP) targeting mitochondria.

Assembly and jamming of polar additive-swollen microgels at liquid-liquid interfaces: From inverse Pickering emulsions to functional materials.

Hypothesis: Poly-N-isopropylacrylamide (PNIPAM)-based microgels have garnered significant interest as effective soft particulate stabilizers because of their deformability and functionality. However, the inherent hydrophilic nature of microgel restricts their potential use in stabilizing water-in-oil (W/O) Pickering emulsions. Employing diverse polar additives can improve the hydrophobicity of microgels, thus unlocking new possibilities in inverse Pickering emulsion formation and materials fabrication.

Spatiotemporal coordination of antigen presentation and co-stimulatory signal for enhanced anti-tumor vaccination.

Controlled-release systems enhance anti-tumor effects by leveraging local antigen persistence for antigen-presenting cells (APCs) recruitment and T cell engagement. However, constant antigen presentation alone tends to induce dysfunction in tumor-specific CD8 T cells, neglecting the synergistic effects of co-stimulatory signal. To address this, we developed a soft particle-stabilized emulsion (SPE) to deliver lipopeptides with controlled release profiles by adjusting their hydrophobic chain lengths: C-SPE (fast release), C-SPE (medium release), and C-SPE (slow release).

De novo assembly and comprehensive analysis of the mitochondrial genome of Taxus wallichiana reveals different repeats mediate recombination to generate multiple conformations.

Taxus plants are the exclusive source of paclitaxel, an anticancer drug with significant medicinal and economic value. Interspecies hybridization and gene introgression during evolution have obscured distinctions among Taxus species, complicating their phylogenetic classification. While the chloroplast genome of Taxus wallichiana, a widely distributed species in China, has been sequenced, its mitochondrial genome (mitogenome) remains uncharacterized.

Engineering CaP-Pickering emulsion for enhanced mRNA cancer vaccines via dual DC and NK activations.

mRNA delivery systems, such as lipid nanoparticle (LNP), have made remarkable strides in improving mRNA expression, whereas immune system activation operates on a threshold. Maintaining a delicate balance between antigen expression and dendritic cell (DC) activation is vital for effective immune recognition. Here, a water-in-oil-in-water (w/o/w) Pickering emulsion stabilized with calcium phosphate nanoparticles (CaP-PME) is developed for mRNA delivery in cancer vaccination.

Ecliptasaponin A protects heart against acute ischemia-induced myocardial injury by inhibition of the HMGB1/TLR4/NF-κB pathway.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Eclipta prostrata (Linn.) is a traditional medicinal Chinese herb that displays multiple biological activities, such as encompassing immunomodulatory, anti-inflammatory, anti-tumor, liver-protective, antioxidant, and lipid-lowering effects. Ecliptasaponin A (ESA), a pentacyclic triterpenoid saponin isolated from Eclipta prostrata (Linn.

Dictating the spatial-temporal delivery of molecular adjuvant and antigen for the enhanced vaccination.

The incorporation of molecular adjuvants has revolutionized vaccine by boosting overall immune efficacy. While traditional efforts have been concentrated on the quality and quantity of vaccine components, the impact of adjuvant and antigen delivery kinetics on immunity remains to be fully understood. Here, we employed poly (lactic-co-glycolic acid) nanoparticle (PLGA NP) -stabilized Pickering emulsion (PPE) to refine the delivery kinetics of molecular adjuvant CpG and antigen, aiming to optimize immune responses.

Unlocking the Therapeutic Applicability of LNP-mRNA: Chemistry, Formulation, and Clinical Strategies.

Messenger RNA (mRNA) has emerged as an innovative therapeutic modality, offering promising avenues for the prevention and treatment of a variety of diseases. The tremendous success of mRNA vaccines in effectively combatting coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) evidences the unlimited medical and therapeutic potential of mRNA technology. Overcoming challenges related to mRNA stability, immunogenicity, and precision targeting has been made possible by recent advancements in lipid nanoparticles (LNPs).

Augmenting vaccine efficacy: Tailored immune strategy with alum-stabilized Pickering emulsion.

Background: The achievement of optimal vaccine efficacy is contingent upon the collaborative interactions between T and B cells in adaptive immunity. Although multiple immunization strategies have been proposed, there is a notable scarcity of comprehensive investigations pertaining to enhance immune effects through immune strategy adjustments for individual vaccine.

Methods: The hierarchically structured aluminum hydroxide microgel-stabilized Pickering emulsion (ASPE) was prepared by ultrasonic method.

Salicylic acid-mediated alleviation of salt stress: Insights from physiological and transcriptomic analysis in Asarum sieboldii Miq.

As global agriculture faces the pressing threat of salt stress, innovative solutions are imperative for sustainable agriculture. The remarkable potential of salicylic acid (SA) in enhancing plant resilience against environmental stressors has recently gained attention. However, the specific molecular mechanisms by which SA mitigates salt stress in Asarum sieboldii Miq.

Positive regulation of the Eucommia rubber biosynthesis-related gene EuFPS1 by EuWRKY30 in Eucommia ulmoides.

Eucommia rubber is a secondary metabolite from Eucommia ulmoides that has attracted much attention because of its unique properties and enormous potential for application. However, the transcriptional mechanism regulating its biosynthesis has not yet been determined. Farnesyl pyrophosphate synthase is a key enzyme in the Eucommia rubber biosynthesis.

Stomatal density suppressor PagSDD1 is a "generalist" gene that promotes plant growth and improves water use efficiency.

The serine protease SDD1 regulates stomatal density, but its potential impact on plant vegetative growth is unclear. Our study reveals a substantial upregulation of SDD1 in triploid poplar apical buds and leaves, suggesting its possible role in their growth regulation. We cloned PagSDD1 from poplar 84 K (Populus alba × P.

MYC2 regulates stomatal density and water use efficiency via targeting EPF2/EPFL4/EPFL9 in poplar.

Although polyploid plants have lower stomatal density than their diploid counterparts, the molecular mechanisms underlying this difference remain elusive. Here, we constructed a network based on the triploid poplar transcriptome data and triple-gene mutual interaction algorithm and found that PpnMYC2 was related to stomatal development-related genes PpnEPF2, PpnEPFL4, and PpnEPFL9. The interactions between PpnMYC2 and PagJAZs were experimentally validated.

Spatiotemporal miRNA and transcriptomic network dynamically regulate the developmental and senescence processes of poplar leaves.

Poplar is an important afforestation and urban greening species. Poplar leaf development occurs in stages, from young to mature and then from mature to senescent; these are accompanied by various phenotypic and physiological changes. However, the associated transcriptional regulatory network is relatively unexplored.

Development and Optimal Immune Strategy of an Alum-Stabilized for Cancer Vaccines.

Therapeutic cancer vaccines are considered as one of the most cost-effective ways to eliminate cancer cells. Although many efforts have been invested into improving their therapeutic effect, transient maturation and activations of dendritic cells (DCs) cause weak responses and hamper the subsequent T cell responses. Here, we report on an alum-stabilized (APE) that can load a high number of antigens and continue to release them for extensive maturation and activations of antigen-presenting cells (APCs).

Targeted cross-linker delivery for the in situ mapping of protein conformations and interactions in mitochondria.

Current methods for intracellular protein analysis mostly require the separation of specific organelles or changes to the intracellular environment. However, the functions of proteins are determined by their native microenvironment as they usually form complexes with ions, nucleic acids, and other proteins. Here, we show a method for in situ cross-linking and analysis of mitochondrial proteins in living cells.

Inside-out assembly of viral antigens for the enhanced vaccination.

Current attempts in vaccine delivery systems concentrate on replicating the natural dissemination of live pathogens, but neglect that pathogens evolve to evade the immune system rather than to provoke it. In the case of enveloped RNA viruses, it is the natural dissemination of nucleocapsid protein (NP, core antigen) and surface antigen that delays NP exposure to immune surveillance. Here, we report a multi-layered aluminum hydroxide-stabilized emulsion (MASE) to dictate the delivery sequence of the antigens.