Flavonoid-Lignin Crosstalk: Engineering Metabolic Flux for Optimised Plant Growth and Stress Resilience.

As core metabolites of the phenylpropane pathway, flavonoids and lignin compete for common metabolic flux, yet their regulatory crosstalk critically constrains resource partitioning between development and stress adaptation. In this review, we synthesise recent progress in mechanistic insights into flavonoid-mediated regulation of seed dormancy and germination, vegetative growth, and reproductive growth, while clarifying lignin's role in reinforcing cell wall biomechanical integrity and establishing hydraulic conductivity conduits. We particularly focus on multi-tiered regulatory networks through which these metabolites confer resilience to against biotic/abiotic stresses.

IL-10 alleviates ulcerative colitis by regulating mitochondrial function through reducing ISG15 expression.

Background: Interleukin-10 (IL-10), an anti-inflammatory cytokine, has shown therapeutic effect on autoimmune diseases, yet its effects on UC remain unclear. This study aims to investigate whether the administration of IL-10 can suppress disease flares in ulcerative colitis (UC).

Methods: A UC model was established in mice using dextran sulfate sodium (DSS) to evaluate the therapeutic effect of IL-10.

Temporal changes in arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi communities and their driving factors in plantations.

Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) communities are influenced by soil nutrients and plant and litter traits during forest ecosystem development. However, the extent to which these factors influence AMF communities in plantations is unclear. In this study, rhizosphere soil samples were collected from 5-, 13-, 24-, 35-, 47-, and 56-year-old plantations.

Integrated physiologic and proteomic analysis of Antarctic yeast Rhodotorula mucilaginosa AN5 in response to Cd stress at low concentration.

In Antarctica, sea ice microorganisms are subjected to principal abiotic environmental stresses, such as low temperature, strong UV radiation and high salinity, but increasingly serious heavy metal pollution might has more grievous implication there. Herein, morphological, physiological and isobaric tag for relative and absolute quantification (iTRAQ)-based proteomic analyses were performed to anatomize the heavy metal adaptation mechanism of Rhodotorula mucilaginosa AN5, a type of basidiomycetous yeast strain isolated from Antarctic sea ice. Morphological observation showed that yeast AN5 could partly alleviate cadmium stress by the increase of cell size.

Outcomes and risk factors of COVID-19 in patients with bullous pemphigoid: a cross-sectional study.

Background: The outcomes of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in patients with bullous pemphigoid (BP) remain insufficiently understood. This study aimed to evaluate the impact of COVID-19 on BP patients and identify factors influencing the risk and severity of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection in BP patients.

Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted among BP patients in the Department of Dermatology at Shanghai Skin Disease Hospital from December 1, 2022, to March 1, 2023.

Designing a 3-Hydroxypropane-1-Sulfonate Deep-Ultraviolet Nonlinear Optical Crystal.

Although 3-hydroxypropane-1-sulfonates are discovered several decades ago, their nonlinear optical (NLO) properties have remained unexplored, mainly because most of them crystallize in centrosymmetric space groups. Herein, by incorporating polarizable rare-earth metal La cations, a novel non-centrosymmetric 3-hydroxypropane-1-sulfonate, namely La[SO(CH)OH] is designed and synthesized, whose crystal structure features 3D framework constructed by highly distorted [LaO] polyhedra and [SO(CH)OH] anions. Experimental results reveal that La[SO(CH)OH] is NLO-active with a moderate second-harmonic generation response of 0.

Sulfuric/Sulfurous Acids Induce Self-Protection of Phospholipids Against Air-Water Interfacial Ozonolysis.

Sulfides are ubiquity in atmosphere and can convert to be HSO/HSO, which could affect the inflammatory responses induced by ozone. However, the mixing effect and mechanism of HSO/HSO and ozone at molecular-level on the lung surface is still indefinable. Herein, using 1-palmitoyl-2-oleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphatidylglycerol (POPG) monolayer as a model, effects of HSO/HSO on interfacial ozonolysis of phospholipids were explored.

TRAPT: a multi-stage fused deep learning framework for predicting transcriptional regulators based on large-scale epigenomic data.

It is challenging to identify regulatory transcriptional regulators (TRs), which control gene expression via regulatory elements and epigenomic signals, in context-specific studies on the onset and progression of diseases. The use of large-scale multi-omics epigenomic data enables the representation of the complex epigenomic patterns of control of the regulatory elements and the regulators. Herein, we propose Transcription Regulator Activity Prediction Tool (TRAPT), a multi-modality deep learning framework, which infers regulator activity by learning and integrating the regulatory potentials of target gene cis-regulatory elements and genome-wide binding sites.

Biomimetic Intrafibrillar Mineralization of Hierarchically Structured Amyloid-Like Fibrils.

Intrafibrillar mineralization is essential not only as a fundamental process in forming biological hard tissues but also as a foundation for developing advanced composite fibril-based materials for innovative applications. Traditionally, only natural collagen fibrils have been shown to enable intrafibrillar mineralization, presenting a challenge in designing ordered hierarchical fibrils from common protein aggregation that exhibit similar high intrafibrillar mineralization activity. In this study, a mechanically directed two-step transformation method is developed that converts phase-transitioned protein nanofilms into crystalline, hierarchical amyloid-like fibrils with multilayer structures, which effectively control the growth and lateral organization of hydroxyapatite within adaptive gaps.

Machine learning for predicting retention times of chiral analytes chromatographically separated by CMPA technique.

Chiral mobile phase additive (CMPA) technique is an attractive method for chromatographic enantioseparation of chiral analytes. However, establishing chromatographic separation and analysis methods for given chiral analytes often requires extensive trial-and-error experiments, leading to time-consuming processes with high experimental costs. To address this challenge, machine learning (ML) was employed for the prediction of retention times of R and S-analytes to facilitate chromatographic enantioseparation.

Water Quality Criteria of Dieldrin for the Protection of Aquatic Organisms and Wildlife Using a Tissue Residue Approach.

Dieldrin is legacy organochlorine insecticide, which was listed in the Stockholm Convention because of its persistence, bioaccumulation and toxicity. However, it is still present in the environment and in organisms two decades after its ban. The current criteria used for risk assessment in China are based on acute toxicity data in water columns without considering the bioavailability and bioaccumulation, which accordingly lead to the under-protection of aquatic organisms and wildlife.

Mood symptoms, cognitive function, and changes of brain hemodynamics in patients with COVID-19: A functional near-infrared spectroscopy study.

Background: Many patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) may experience emotional issues and cognitive impairment. However, it remains unclear whether the brain mediates the impact of COVID-19 on the emergence of psychopathological symptoms. It remains unclear whether anxiety and depression are caused by stressors or viral infection.

A crosssectional study on healthcare workers sleep and psychological resilience.

Objectives: Healthcare workers, as a high-stress professional group, face long-term high-intensity workloads and complex medical environments, resulting in increasingly prominent mental health issues. In particular, the widespread presence of anxiety symptoms and somatic pain has become a major factor affecting both the quality of care and the career development of healthcare workers. This study aims to investigate the mediating and moderating roles of psychological resilience and sleep in the relationship between somatic pain and anxiety among healthcare workers.

Preparation and characterization of Salecan β-glucan-based edible film loaded with lemon essential oil nanoemulsion: Effects on the preservation of chilled pork.

Chilled meat is highly prone to microbial spoilage, and edible films with antimicrobial properties offer a feasible solution. In this study, oil-in-water (O/W) nanoemulsions loaded with lemon essential oil (LEO) were developed. Nanoemulsification improved the antioxidant and antimicrobial activities of LEO.

Machine-learning random forest algorithms predict post-cycloplegic myopic corrections from noncycloplegic clinical data.

Significance: Machine learning random forest algorithms were used to predict objective refractive outcomes after cycloplegic refraction using noncycloplegic clinical data. A classification model predicted post-cycloplegic myopia and could be useful in screening, and a second regression model predicted post-cycloplegic refractive and could provide a useful objective starting point in noncycloplegic subjective refractions.

Purpose: A classification model sought to predict post-cycloplegic myopia using noncycloplegic clinical data to enhance myopia screening accuracy, whereas the regression model looked to predict objective refraction outcomes after cycloplegia for use as a starting point for noncycloplegic subjective refraction.

Phytohormones enhance resistance to Tenebrio molitor by regulating reactive oxygen species and phenolic metabolism in pigeon pea.

Pigeon pea is an important economic crop with medicinal and nutritional value. Unfortunately, pest infestation of leaves during postharvest storage seriously affects the quality of pigeon pea. Phytohormones play a crucial role in disease and pest defence by regulating the accumulation of specialized metabolites.

Effects of dance interventions on cognitive function, balance, mobility, and life quality in older adults: A systematic review and Bayesian network meta-analysis.

Background: Physical inactivity in older adults is strongly associated with a variety of health problems that may lead to cognitive decline and impaired physical and mental health. The aim of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of five different dances on cognitive function and quality of life in older adults.

Methods: seven databases were systematically searched.

sc2GWAS: a comprehensive platform linking single cell and GWAS traits of human.

Identifying cell populations associated with risk variants is essential for uncovering cell-specific mechanisms that drive disease development and progression. Integrating genome-wide association studies (GWAS) with single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) has become an effective strategy for detecting trait-cell relationships. The accumulation of trait-related single cell data has led to an urgent need for its comprehensively processing.

Hyperlipidemia negatively impacts implantation by dysregulating tight junction and Claudin-3 and Claudin-4 expression in the endometrium.

Clinical observational studies have suggested hyperlipidemia may disturb embryo implantation through endometrium; however, the mechanism has been unclear. With its profound implications for reproductive health, the present study aims to investigate whether hyperlipidemia affects endometrial epithelial cell tight junctions for implantation failures. By constructing hyperlipidemia mice model, the number and distribution of embryo implantation status were investigated after both natural mating and in vitro fertilization and embryo transfer (IVF-ET).

Enhancing diagnostic accuracy for iron deficiency in pregnant women through mean reticulocyte volume.

Background And Objectives: Women are more prone to iron deficiency (ID) anemia when pregnant. The diagnostic use of mean reticulocyte volume (MRV) in identifying ID anemia during pregnancy has not been thoroughly investigated. The objective of this study is to evaluate the effectiveness of MRV in diagnosing ID in pregnant women.

The impact of differential pricing subject on consumer behavior.

The escalating use of artificial intelligence in marketing significantly impacts all aspects of consumer life. This research, grounded in attribution theory and S-O-R theory, employs scenario-based experimental methods to simulate two distinct purchasing contexts. The aim is to investigate consumers' psychological and behavioral responses to AI-initiated pricing.

Enhanced protection for interfacial lipid ozonolysis by sulfur-containing amino acids.

Sulfur-containing amino acids have been proposed as drugs for lipid oxidation associated with diseases for a long time, but the molecular-level mechanism on the effectiveness of sulfur-containing amino acids against lipid oxidation remains elusive. In this work, with the interfacial sensitivity mass spectrometry method, oxidation of 1-palmitoyl-2-oleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphatidylglycerol (POPG), a widely used model lipid, was significantly inhibited on hung droplet surface in presence of sulfur-containing amino acids, such as cysteine (Cys) and methionine (Met). Both the Cys and Met showed a self-sacrificing protection.

Distribution, transformation, and toxic effects of the flame retardant tetrabromobisphenol S and its derivatives in the environment: A review.

As widely used alternative brominated flame retardants, tetrabromobisphenol S (TBBPS) and its derivatives have attracted increasing amounts of attention in the field of environmental science. Previous studies have shown that TBBPS and its derivatives easily accumulate in environmental media and may cause risks to environmental safety and human health. Therefore, to explore the environmental behaviours of TBBPS and its derivatives, in this paper, we summarized relevant research on the distribution of these compounds in water, the atmosphere, soil and food/biota, as well as their transformation mechanisms (biological and nonbiological) and toxic effects.