Alpha-ketoglutarate restores oral epithelial homeostasis via FOXM1-mediated cell cycle regulation.

The rapid repair of intraoral mucosal injuries is crucial for restoring oral epithelial homeostasis. Alpha-ketoglutarate (αKG), a multi-potential metabolite involved in protein synthesis, epigenetic regulation, and immune response, holds the potential in tissue homeostasis and wound repair. Here, we report that administration of αKG accelerates palatal wound healing, with enhanced re-epithelialization and increased collagen deposition.

Local abaloparatide administration promotes in situ alveolar bone augmentation via FAK-mediated periosteal osteogenesis.

Insufficient alveolar bone thickness increases the risk of periodontal dehiscence and fenestration, especially in orthodontic tooth movement. Abaloparatide (ABL), a synthetic analog of human PTHrP (1-34) and a clinical medication for treating osteoporosis, has recently demonstrated its potential in enhancing craniofacial bone formation. Herein, we show that intraoral submucosal injection of ABL, when combined with mechanical force, promotes in situ alveolar bone thickening.

Enhancement of Free Fatty Acids Production in Using the CRISPR/Cas9-Based Base Editor.

is a promising cell factory to produce various value-added chemicals, including fatty acid derivatives. However, their metabolic engineering development has been hindered by the limited availability of genetic tools. In this study, an accurate and specific gene-editing tool, CRISPR/Cas-based cytidine base editor (CBE) system, was developed for the first time in to broaden its genetic toolbox.

Development of COVID-19 Vaccine Candidates Using Attenuated Recombinant Vesicular Stomatitis Virus Vectors with M Protein Mutations.

Recombinant vesicular stomatitis virus (rVSV) is a promising viral vaccine vector for addressing the COVID-19 pandemic. Inducing mucosal immunity via the intranasal route is an ideal strategy for rVSV-based vaccines, but it requires extremely stringent safety standards. In this study, we constructed two rVSV variants with amino acid mutations in their M protein: rVSV-M2 with M33A/M51R mutations and rVSV-M4 with M33A/M51R/V221F/S226R mutations, and developed COVID-19 vaccines based on these attenuated vectors.

A Survey on Vehicle Trajectory Prediction Procedures for Intelligent Driving.

Aimed at vehicle trajectory prediction procedures, this survey provides a comprehensive review for intelligent driving from both theoretical and practical perspectives. Vehicle trajectory prediction procedures are explained in terms of the perception layer, core technology of trajectory prediction, decision-making layer, and scenario application. In the perception layer, various sensors, visual-based perception devices, and multimodal fusion perception devices are enumerated.

Comparing neoadjuvant targeted therapy plus transarterial chemoembolization versus triple therapy including immunotherapy in hepatocellular carcinoma: a Chinese multicentre study.

Background: Neoadjuvant therapy (NAT) is a promising strategy to improve long-term outcomes in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), particularly for patients with borderline resectable. Targeted therapy, transarterial chemoembolization (TACE), immunotherapy, and radiotherapy are all effective NAT strategies for HCC; however, the optimal NAT regimen for HCC remains undefined.

Methods: This multicentre retrospective study included 64 HCC patients who underwent NAT followed by surgical resection between 2020 and 2024 at four tertiary hospitals in China.

Broad neutralizing antibody response of a monomeric spike-based SARS-CoV-2 bivalent vaccine against diverse variants.

severeacute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) bivalent vaccines show potential against variants but lack a full understanding of the immunological mechanisms that drive broadly neutralizing antibodies (bnAbs). This study explored the immunogenicity of a bivalent vaccine in rhesus macaques, containing spike (S) proteins from the prototype (S) and chimeric S protein (S). The vaccine induced bnAbs against multiple variants, including challenging subvariants like EG.

Research progress in deep learning-based fundus image analysis for the diagnosis and prediction of hypertension-related diseases.

Hypertension-related diseases have widespread effects on the systemic microvasculature, with particularly significant impacts on the retinal vascular system. As a non-invasive window to observe vascular abnormalities, fundus imaging plays an important role in the diagnosis and prediction of hypertension-related conditions. In recent years, deep learning (DL) has rapidly advanced in the field of color fundus photography (CFP) analysis, demonstrating strong potential in vessel segmentation, artery/vein classification, lesion detection, and systemic disease prediction.

Influence of the printing technologies, storage conditions, and storage time on the intaglio surface accuracy of additively manufactured edentulous surgical guides: An in vitro study.

Purpose: To evaluate the effects of printing technologies, storage conditions, and storage time on the intaglio surface accuracy of additively manufactured maxillary edentulous surgical guides.

Materials And Methods: Forty-eight maxillary edentulous surgical guides were fabricated using three different printing technologies (n = 16): DLP (digital light processing), PJ (polyjet), and SLA (stereolithography). After postprocessing, each group was randomly divided into 2 storage conditions: dark storage (D) and light exposure storage (L).

RPA1 protects DNA damage-induced PANoptosis in limb development.

Extensive cell proliferation during embryogenesis often compromises genome integrity, increasing the risk of developmental defects. However, the mechanisms that safeguard genome integrity during this process remain poorly understood. Using early limb development as a model, we identify that DNA damage response factors are up-regulated in proliferating mesenchymal stem cells.

PEDOT/PSS Heterointerface Enables Integrated Electromagnetic Wave Absorption and Thermal Protection in Aerogel Composite.

Traditional high-density thermal protection systems (TPSs) limit the maneuverability of hypersonic vehicles while lacking stealth capabilities. In this work, we propose a strategy to integrate electromagnetic wave absorption and thermal protection in an aerogel composite by introducing a PEDOT:PSS heterointerface via ethanol-assisted gel impregnation. Ethanol also functions as secondary doping, enabling tuning of the electromagnetic parameters of the aerogel by adjusting the doping level.

Knowledge graph-based safety risk evaluation method for hazardous behaviors of road transport vehicles.

Objective: This study aims to develop a knowledge graph (KG)-based framework to quantify and analyze the impact of hazardous driving behaviors on road transport safety.

Method: A top-down approach was adopted to construct a multilayered KG incorporating seven categories of hazardous behavior factors (C1-C7). Multisource accident datasets were integrated to map the relationships among hazardous behavior factors, accident types, and accident causes.

Small is better: Impact of polyelectrolyte Mw on layer-by-layer nanofiltration membranes for PFAS removal.

For removal of linear and negative charged Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS), highly negatively charged and small pore NF membranes are urgently needed. This work reports, for the first time, an attempt to regulate the pore size and surface charge of polyvinylamine/sodium polystyrene sulfonate (PVAm/PSS) layer-by-layer nanofiltration (LBL NF) membranes by varying the polyelectrolytes' molecular weights (Mw) for PFAS removal. In general, PVAm/PSS NF membranes exhibited a strong negative surface charge, with 99.

Gas bubble trauma of Schizothorax prenanti at various life stages induced by total dissolved gas supersaturation.

Total dissolved gas supersaturation (TDGS), commonly resulting from dam discharge, poses significant threats to fish survival by inducing gas bubble trauma (GBT) in downstream populations. Understanding the sensitivity of fish to TDGS during developmental stages is critical for evaluating survival risks during flood seasons. This study investigated the adverse effects of TDGS on three life stages-eggs, larvae, and juveniles-of the endemic fish Schizothorax prenanti (S.

Sentence-resampled BERT-CRF model for autonomous vehicle crash causality analysis from large-scale accident narrative text data.

As autonomous vehicles (AVs) have been increasingly used, exploring crash causality mechanisms is critical to improving traffic safety related to AVs use. However, existing studies have primarily employed structured data to analyze such causality, while limited efforts have been made to identify causality from unstructured crash narratives, which are featured by data imbalance and small sample sizes. Original crash narratives contain a wealth of latent information about AV crashes that can further the understanding of AV safety.

Hofmeister effect of anions on the layer-by-layer nanofiltration membranes: Assembly kinetics and micropollutant removal.

The impact of anions on the assembly process, subsequent physicochemical characteristics and separation performance of layer-by-layer (LBL) nanofiltration (NF) membranes has not been fully elucidated. In this study, model polyelectrolyte (PE) pairs of poly(sodium 4-styrenesulfonate) (PSS) and poly(diallyldimethylammonium chloride) (PDADMAC) were chosen and monovalent anions in the Hofmeister series-kosmotropes (F, Ac), Cl, chaotropes (Br, NO)-were paired with Na as the background salt. Membranes from chaotropic anions had narrow distributions of small pores, relatively low permeance and nearly electroneutral, even slightly electropositive separation layer; fewer coating bilayers were required to reach the plateau in MgSO rejection, corresponding to faster PE adsorption and thicker coating.

Metabolic small molecules materialized hydrogel promotes diabetic bone regeneration through osteoimmunological remodeling.

The clinical repair of diabetic jawbone defects is still yet challenging because of chronic inflammation and dysregulation in metabolism. Metabolic small molecule alpha-ketoglutarate (αKG) and D-mannose displayed promising bone homeostasis rebalance and inflammatory suppression properties respectively. However, traditional oral administrated greatly limits their bioavailability.

Machine learning and SHAP value interpretation for predicting the response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy and long-term clinical outcomes in Chinese female breast cancer.

Background: Most models of neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NACT) for breast cancer (BC) suffer from insufficient data and lack interpretability. Additionally, there is a notable absence of reports from China in this field. This study is also the first to integrate the Advanced Lung Cancer Inflammation Index (ALI) into such a model to evaluate its effectiveness.

A Risk Stratification Model for Predicting Benefits of Intensive Blood Pressure Treatment: Analysis of the Systolic Blood Pressure Intervention Trial.

Current hypertension guidelines lack personalized strategies for blood pressure control. While the Systolic Blood Pressure Intervention Trial (SPRINT) demonstrated benefits of intensive blood pressure lowering, identifying optimal candidates for such treatment remains challenging. We developed and validated a risk stratification model using data from 9139 SPRINT participants.

Glia-derived noncanonical fatty acid binding protein modulates brain lipid storage and clearance.

Glia-derived secretory factors are essential for brain development, physiology, and homeostasis, with their dysfunction linked to a variety of neurological disorders. Through genetic and biochemical approaches, we identified odorant binding protein 44a (Obp44a), a noncanonical α-helical fatty acid binding protein (FABP) highly expressed in central nervous system glia. Obp44a binds long-chain fatty acids and shuttles between glia and neurons, acting as a secretory lipid chaperone and scavenger to support lipid storage, efflux, and redox homeostasis.

Transcriptomic analysis of the effect of dietary melatonin on liver immunity in rice field eel (Monopterus albus).

The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of the dietary effects of melatonin, particularly in relation to its ability to regulate the immune system. A total of 360 fish were fed with different concentrations of melatonin (0, 30, 60, 120, and 240 mg/kg) for 70 days. The activities of antioxidant and immune-related enzymes in the liver showed that at a concentration of 120 mg/kg, the activities of superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione peroxidase, lysozyme, and alkaline phosphatase were significantly increased, while the content of malondialdehyde and the activities of alanine aminotransferase and aspartate aminotransferase were decreased (p < 0.

Spatiotemporally Resolved Imaging of Adenosine in the Mouse Brain Links Depression and Inflammation.

Depression disrupts central nervous system function and may further elevate the risk of systemic diseases by triggering inflammatory responses. However, the precise mechanisms underlying its role in driving inflammation remain elusive. Adenosine (Ado), a critical molecule in depression, exhibits abnormal concentration changes that are closely associated with neuroinflammation.

T cell receptor-like antibody specifically targets and eliminates cells infected with cytomegalovirus.

Background: Cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection, with limited therapeutic options, represents a significant complication following transplantation. T cell receptor (TCR)-like antibodies that can recognize and bind to viral peptides presented by the human leukocyte antigen (HLA) show promise for specifically targeting and eliminating CMV-infected cells. Here, we show that this humanized TCR-like antibody efficiently targets CMV-infected cells, thereby supporting the development of this novel and effective therapeutic option for patients.

High-throughput DeepPRM-Stellar proteomics coupled with machine learning enables precise quantification of atherosclerosis-stroke progression biomarkers and risk prediction.

Predicting the progression of asymptomatic large-artery atherosclerosis (LAA) to acute ischemic stroke (AIS) remains a significant challenge when relying solely on anatomical stenosis. To address this clinical gap, we integrated discovery-phase serum proteomics with machine-learning techniques to identify circulating biomarkers capable of predicting atherosclerotic progression. Utilizing a dual-cohort design (Cohort I: discovery stage, = 43; Cohort II: validation stage, = 39), we established a Serum Protein Candidate Biomarker Bank (SPCBB) encompassing 1484 proteins by harmonizing literature-derived evidence (1369 proteins) with 222 differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) identified through mass spectrometry analysis.

Effects of Different Farming Models on Muscle Quality, Intestinal Microbiota Diversity, and Liver Metabolism of Rice Field Eel ().

As consumer demand for quality fish products continues to rise, quality has become a key factor in market competition. Ecological aquaculture research is exploring various farming methods to balance high-quality demand with environmental protection. This study compared three aquaculture models-cage culture (CG), recirculating aquaculture (RAG), and rice-fish co-culture (RG)-by analyzing muscle quality (AOAC, GC-MS), intestinal microbiota (16S rRNA), and liver metabolism (LC-MS) to assess their effects on .