eIF4A3 inhibits pseudorabies virus replication by facilitating antiviral immune response.

Eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4A3 (eIF4A3)-mediated RNA metabolism is essential for cellular homeostasis and viral replication. However, its role in regulating antiviral innate immunity during pseudorabies virus (PRV) infection remains unknown. Here, we demonstrate that eIF4A3 protein expression was significantly downregulated both in vitro and in vivo during PRV infection.

The Effects of Specific Gut Microbiota on Hyperuricemia - A Mendelian Randomization Analysis and Clinical Validation.

Background: Hyperuricemia (HUA) is a metabolic disorder caused by an imbalance between uric acid (UA) production and excretion. It is closely associated with various diseases, including gout and kidney disease. The intestines play a significant role in UA excretion, and emerging evidence suggests that gut microbiota modulate UA excretion and degradation.

Identification of a linear B-cell epitope in B117L-213 protein of ASFV using monoclonal antibodies.

African Swine Fever (ASF) is a highly infectious, acute, hemorrhagic Swine disease caused by the African Swine Fever Virus (ASFV). It is lethal to both domestic pigs and wild boars, and has caused significant economic losses to the global pig industry. Vaccines represent the most significant means of preventing and treating viral diseases.

Preparation and epitope mapping of monoclonal antibodies against African swine fever virus A238L protein.

African swine fever (ASF) is a virulent infectious disease caused by African swine fever virus (ASFV), which has caused a devastating blow to pig industry. There is currently no effective vaccine or drug to control the disease. A238L is a non-structural protein of African swine fever virus, which is involved in the immune escape of the virus in vivo.

Cholesterol-dependent Nsp5-endosomes co-trafficking to lysosomes facilitates porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus replication by activating autophagy.

Our previous studies showed that intracellular endosomal vesicles participated in PRRS virions trafficking in the early stage of viral infection, and cholesterol retention in endosomal vesicles disturbed viral replication via blocking PRRSV-endosomal vesicles membrane fusion. However, whether endosomal vesicles were associated with PRRSV protein(s) trafficking and the role of cholesterol in this process was still unclarity. In this study, we sought to elucidate the mechanism of cholesterol in endosomal vesicles-mediated viral protein transportation.

Context Perception Parallel Decoder for Scene Text Recognition.

Scene text recognition (STR) methods have struggled to attain high accuracy and fast inference speed. Auto-Regressive (AR)-based models implement the recognition in a character-by-character manner, showing superiority in accuracy but with slow inference speed. Alternatively, Parallel Decoding (PD)-based models infer all characters in a single decoding pass, offering faster inference speed but generally worse accuracy.

Instruction-Guided Scene Text Recognition.

Multi-modal models have shown appealing performance in visual recognition tasks, as free-form text-guided training evokes the ability to understand fine-grained visual content. However, current models cannot be trivially applied to scene text recognition (STR) due to the compositional difference between natural and text images. We propose a novel instruction-guided scene text recognition (IGTR) paradigm that formulates STR as an instruction learning problem and understands text images by predicting character attributes, e.

Subcellular proteomics reveals the crosstalk between nucleocytoplasmic trafficking and the innate immune response to Senecavirus A infection.

Mounting evidence suggests that a number of host nuclear-resident proteins are indispensable for the replication of picornaviruses, a typical class of cytoplasmic RNA viruses. Host nucleocytoplasmic transport is often hijacked by viruses to promote their replication in the cytoplasm of infected cells, and suppress the innate immune response. However, little is known about the mechanisms by which Senecavirus A (SVA) manipulates nucleocytoplasmic trafficking events to promote infection.

Causal Effects of Gut Microbiota and Metabolites on Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease: A Bidirectional Two Sample Mendelian Randomization Study.

Background: Recent evidence suggests that the gut microbiome and metabolites are intricately involved in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) pathogenesis, yet the precise causal relationships remain unclear due to confounding factors and reverse causation. This study employs bidirectional two-sample Mendelian Randomization (MR) to clarify these connections.

Methods: Summary data from publicly available Genome-Wide Association Studies (GWAS) concerning the gut microbiome, metabolites, and COPD were compiled.

VP3 protein of Senecavirus A promotes viral IRES-driven translation and attenuates innate immunity by specifically relocalizing hnRNPA2B1.

Unlabelled: Viruses deploy sophisticated strategies to hijack the host's translation machinery to favor viral protein synthesis and counteract innate cellular defenses. However, little is known about the mechanisms by which Senecavirus A (SVA) controls the host's translation. Using a series of sophisticated molecular cell manipulation techniques, heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein A2B1 (hnRNPA2B1) was identified as an essential host factor involved in translation control in SVA-infected cells.

NEDD8 enhances Hippo signaling by mediating YAP1 neddylation.

The Hippo-YAP signaling pathway plays a central role in many biological processes such as regulating cell fate, organ size, and tissue growth, and its key components are spatiotemporally expressed and posttranslationally modified during these processes. Neddylation is a posttranslational modification that involves the covalent attachment of NEDD8 to target proteins by NEDD8-specific E1-E2-E3 enzymes. Whether neddylation is involved in Hippo-YAP signaling remains poorly understood.

Preparation and epitope analysis of monoclonal antibodies against African swine fever virus DP96R protein.

Background: Many proteins of African swine fever virus (ASFV, such as p72, p54, p30, CD2v, K205R) have been successfully expressed and characterized. However, there are few reports on the DP96R protein of ASFV, which is the virulence protein of ASFV and plays an important role in the process of host infection and invasion of ASFV.

Results: Firstly, the prokaryotic expression vector of DP96R gene was constructed, the prokaryotic system was used to induce the expression of DP96R protein, and monoclonal antibody was prepared by immunizing mice.

Development and characterization of monoclonal antibody against the critical loop structure of african swine fever virus P72 protein.

African swine fever (ASF) is a highly infectious and lethal viral disease caused by the African swine fever virus (ASFV). The four prominent loop structures on the surface of the primary structural protein P72 are considered to be key protective epitopes. In this study, the four critical loops (ER1-4) of the ASFV p72 protein were individually fused to hepatitis B virus core particles (HBc) and self-assembled into nanoparticles to preserve the natural conformation of the loop structure and enhance its immunogenicity.

Identification of a Linear B Cell Epitope on p54 of African Swine Fever Virus Using Nanobodies as a Novel Tool.

African swine fever (ASF) has received great attention from the swine industry due to the pandemic and the lack of vaccines or effective treatments. In the present study, 13 African swine fever virus (ASFV) p54-specific nanobodies (Nbs) were successfully screened based on Bactrian camel immunization of p54 protein and phage display technology, and their reactivity with the p54 C-terminal domain (p54-CTD) was determined; however, only Nb8-horseradish peroxidase (Nb8-HRP) exhibited the best reactivity. Immunoperoxidase monolayer assay (IPMA) and immunofluorescence assay (IFA) results indicated that Nb8-HRP specifically reacted with ASFV-infected cells.

A Novel Linear B-Cell Epitope on the P54 Protein of African Swine Fever Virus Identified Using Monoclonal Antibodies.

The African swine fever virus (ASFV) is a highly infectious viral pathogen that presents a major threat to the global pig industry. No effective vaccine is available for the virus. The p54 protein, a major structural component of ASFV, is involved in virus adsorption and entry to target cells and also plays a key role in ASFV vaccine development and disease prevention.

TAT Nanobody Exerts Antiviral Effect against PRRSV In Vitro by Targeting Viral Nucleocapsid Protein.

Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome (PRRS) is caused by the PRRS virus (PRRSV), which has brought huge economic losses to the pork industry worldwide since its first discovery in the late 1980s in North America. To date, there are no effective commercial vaccines or therapeutic drugs available for controlling the spread of PRRSV. Due to their unique advantages of high affinity and high specificity, nanobodies (Nbs) have received increasing attention in the process of disease diagnosis and treatment.