Discovery of Pyrimidinedione Derivatives as Potential Herbicides: Design, Synthesis, and Evaluation of Herbicidal Activity.

Weeds significantly impact crop yields, and pyrimidinedione herbicides remain essential for weed control. Protoporphyrinogen IX oxidase (PPO, EC 1.3.

Modified Target Delineation and Moderately Hypofractionated Radiotherapy for High-Grade Glioma: A Randomized Clinical Trial.

Importance: Optimizing irradiation volumes and evaluating the effect of dose escalation on total and fractionated doses are critical for improving outcomes in high-grade glioma (HGG).

Objective: To assess the efficacy of modified target delineation guided by multimodal magnetic resonance imaging and white matter tracts combined with moderately hypofractionated simultaneous boost intensity-modulated radiotherapy (HSIB-IMRT) in patients with newly diagnosed HGG.

Design, Setting, And Participants: This single-center, 2-arm, open-label randomized clinical trial enrolled 154 patients aged 18 to 70 years with histologically confirmed, newly diagnosed HGG at a Chinese medical center from January 1, 2018, to August 31, 2022.

Synthesis and Evaluation of Herbicidal Ureidopyrimidine Compounds: Focus on Sulfonamide Modifications.

In this study, 32 novel ureidopyrimidine compounds containing sulfonamide fragments were strategically designed and synthesized through active substructure combination. Postemergence herbicidal activity assays demonstrated that compounds , , and exhibited superior efficacy against broadleaf weeds, including and , with compound achieving a remarkable 95% control rate at 9.375 g a.

FM-568: A Promising Phenyl-Hydrazonomalononitrile Antibacterial Agent for the Sustainable Management of Citrus Canker.

Citrus canker, caused by subsp. (), poses a significant threat to citrus production worldwide. To develop effective and eco-friendly antibacterial agents, we designed and synthesized phenyl-hydrazonomalononitrile derivatives using a scaffold-hopping strategy.

Unveiling : A Breakthrough in Isoindolinone-Based Acaricide Development.

The increasing resistance of agricultural pests to existing acaricides presents a significant challenge to sustainable agriculture. Therefore, this study introduced , a novel isoindolinone-based phenyl trifluoroethyl thioether derivative generated through an innovative design strategy combining bioisosterism and novel cyclization methods. We synthesized several compounds and evaluated their acaricidal efficacy against in greenhouses and in field settings.

Design, Synthesis, and Acaricidal/Insecticidal Activities of New Phenylpyrazole Derivatives Comprising an Imide Moiety.

Using nicofluprole as the lead compound, we designed and synthesized a series of new phenylpyrazole analogues through substituting the methyl group on the nitrogen atom of the amide with an acyl group. Bioassay results showed that compounds - with a 1-cyanocyclopropimide group exhibited outstanding insecticidal activity. The LC values for compounds - against ranged from 0.

Corrigendum: Targeting JUN, CEBPB and HDAC3: a novel strategy to overcome drug resistance in hypoxic glioblastoma.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2019.

Novel heptafluoroisopropyl N-phenylpyrazole aryl amides containing cyanoalkyl groups: Design, synthesis, insecticidal activity, docking studies and theoretical calculations.

To discover and develop new insecticides of the phenylpyrazole class, a series of heptafluoroisopropyl N-phenylpyrazole aryl amide compounds bearing cyanoalkyl groups were synthesized based on the lead compound nicofluprole. Their structures were established by HRMS, H NMR and C NMR. Bioassay results indicated that several of these compounds exhibited remarkable acaricidal and insecticidal activities.

Synthesis, acaricidal activity, and structure-activity relationships of novel phenyl trifluoroethyl thioether derivatives containing substituted benzyl groups.

Background: To discover and develop novel acaricidal compounds, a series of 2-fluoro-4-methyl/chlorine-5-((2,2,2-trifluoroethyl)thio)aniline/phenol compounds containing N/O-benzyl moieties were synthesized based on lead compound LZ-1.

Results: The activity of these compounds against carmine spider mites (Tetranychus cinnabarinus) was determined using the leaf-spray method. Bioassays indicated that most of the designed target compounds possessed moderate to excellent acaricidal activity against adult T.

ATF4/MYC Regulates MTHFD2 to Promote NSCLC Progression by Mediating Redox Homeostasis.

Purpose: Methylenetetrahydrofolate dehydrogenase 2 (MTHFD2) has been reported to be overexpressed in non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and to correlate with malignant proliferation. However, the mechanism of high MTHFD2 expression in NSCLC has not been clarified.

Methods: qPCR, western blot, and immunofluorescence experiments were used to measure the expression of related mRNAs and proteins.

The role of anti-tumor immunity of focused ultrasound for the malignancies: depended on the different ablation categories.

Improving anti-tumor immunity has promising outcomes in eradicating malignant tumors. Tumor cells can escape from immune surveillance and killing; therefore, various strategies are continuously developing to inhibit immune escape. Focused ultrasound (FUS) has recently emerged to play an important role in immune modulation.

Somatostatin Receptor 2: A Potential Predictive Biomarker for Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor Treatment.

Somatostatin receptor 2 (), the most abundant receptor of somatostatin (), possesses immunoreactivity and is altered in many cancers. However, the association between and efficacy of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) has not yet been reported. Immunohistochemistry (IHC) information across 20 cancers was collected from the Human Protein Atlas (HPA) and used to analyze the expression of .

Author Correction: Neuroprotectants attenuate hypobaric hypoxia-induced brain injuries in cynomolgus monkeys.

Following the publication of our paper (Zhang et al., 2020), it has come to our attention that we erroneously listed two funding sources unrelated to this study in the "ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS" section. Hereby, we wish to update the "ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS" section as a correction.

Birth Weight and Stroke in Adult Life: Genetic Correlation and Causal Inference With Genome-Wide Association Data Sets.

Objective: Prior studies have shown that there is an inverse association between birth weight and stroke in adulthood; however, whether such association is causal remains yet known and those studies cannot distinguish between the direct fetal effect and the indirect maternal effect. The aim of the study is to untangle such relationship using novel statistical genetic approaches.

Methods: We first utilized linkage disequilibrium score regression (LDSC) and Genetic analysis incorporating Pleiotropy and Annotation (GPA) to estimate the overall genetic correlation between birth weight and stroke.

Corrigendum: Targeting JUN, CEBPB, and HDAC3: A Novel Strategy to Overcome Drug Resistance in Hypoxic Glioblastoma.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2019.

Tracking Neoantigens by Personalized Circulating Tumor DNA Sequencing during Checkpoint Blockade Immunotherapy in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer.

The evolutionary dynamics of tumor-associated neoantigens carry information about drug sensitivity and resistance to the immune checkpoint blockade (ICB). However, the spectrum of somatic mutations is highly heterogeneous among patients, making it difficult to track neoantigens by circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) sequencing using "one size fits all" commercial gene panels. Thus, individually customized panels (ICPs) are needed to track neoantigen evolution comprehensively during ICB treatment.

Alcohol Drinking and Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis: An Instrumental Variable Causal Inference.

Observational studies have shown alcohol drinking behaviors may be associated with the risk of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), but contradictory findings have emerged, and whether such an association is causal is unclear. We here investigate the causal relationship between alcohol consumption and ALS. By leveraging instruments from large-scale genome-wide association studies, we performed a comprehensive Mendelian randomization analysis and found alcohol consumption was causally associated with ALS, leading to ∼1.

Neuroprotectants attenuate hypobaric hypoxia-induced brain injuries in cynomolgus monkeys.

Hypobaric hypoxia (HH) exposure can cause serious brain injury as well as life-threatening cerebral edema in severe cases. Previous studies on the mechanisms of HH-induced brain injury have been conducted primarily using non-primate animal models that are genetically distant to humans, thus hindering the development of disease treatment. Here, we report that cynomolgus monkeys ( ) exposed to acute HH developed human-like HH syndrome involving severe brain injury and abnormal behavior.

Integrated analysis identified core signal pathways and hypoxic characteristics of human glioblastoma.

As a hallmark for glioblastoma (GBM), high heterogeneity causes a variety of phenotypes and therapeutic responses among GBM patients, and it contributes to treatment failure. Moreover, hypoxia is a predominant feature of GBM and contributes greatly to its phenotype. To analyse the landscape of gene expression and hypoxic characteristics of GBM cells and their clinical significance in GBM patients, we performed transcriptome analysis of the GBM cell line U87-MG and the normal glial cell line HEB under normoxia and hypoxia conditions, with the results of which were analysed using established gene ontology databases as well as The Cancer Genome Atlas and the Cancer Cell Line Encyclopedia.

Targeting JUN, CEBPB, and HDAC3: A Novel Strategy to Overcome Drug Resistance in Hypoxic Glioblastoma.

Hypoxia is a predominant feature in glioblastoma (GBM) and contributes greatly to its drug resistance. However, the molecular mechanisms which are responsible for the development of the resistant phenotype of GBM under hypoxic conditions remain unclear. To analyze the key pathways promoting therapy resistance in hypoxic GBM, we utilized the U87-MG cell line as a human GBM cell model and the human brain HEB cell line as a non-neoplastic brain cell model.

An improved formula for standard hypoxia tolerance time (STT) to evaluate hypoxic tolerance in mice.

Background: Hypoxia is a primary cause of mountain sickness and a common pathological condition in patients with heart failure, shock, stroke, and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Thus far, little advancement in countering hypoxic damage has been achieved, and one of the main reasons is the absence of an ideal algorithm or calculation method to normalize hypoxia tolerance scores when evaluating an animal model. In this study, we improved a traditional calculation formula for assessment of hypoxia tolerance.

The neuroprotective and antioxidant profiles of selenium-containing polysaccharides from the fruit of Rosa laevigata.

Rosa laevigata fruit has been known as a functional foodstuff for a long time. Recently, increasing attention has been given to polysaccharides from R. laevigata fruit due to their numerous medicinal and nutritional properties.

UPLC‑QTOFMS‑based metabolomic analysis of the serum of hypoxic preconditioning mice.

Hypoxic preconditioning (HPC) is well‑known to exert a protective effect against hypoxic injury; however, the underlying molecular mechanism remains unclear. The present study utilized a serum metabolomics approach to detect the alterations associated with HPC. In the present study, an animal model of HPC was established by exposing adult BALB/c mice to acute repetitive hypoxia four times.

IL-10 Dysregulation in Acute Mountain Sickness Revealed by Transcriptome Analysis.

Acute mountain sickness (AMS), which may progress to life-threatening high-altitude cerebral edema, is a major threat to millions of people who live in or travel to high altitude. Although studies have revealed the risk factors and pathophysiology theories of AMS, the molecular mechanisms of it do not comprehensively illustrate. Here, we used a system-level methodology, RNA sequencing, to explore the molecular mechanisms of AMS at genome-wide level in 10 individuals.

ATPase inhibitory factor 1 expression is an independent prognostic factor in non-small cell lung cancer.

ATPase inhibitory factor 1 (IF1), an inhibitor of the mitochondrial H(+)-adenosine triphosphate (ATP) synthase, is putatively involved in tumor progression. This study aimed to evaluate the expression levels of IF1 in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and the prognostic value for the patients. IF1 protein expression levels were detected in 149 cases of NSCLC by using immunohistochemistry.