Therapeutic Vaccines for Non-Communicable Diseases: Global Progress and China's Deployment Pathways.

Background: Non-communicable diseases (NCDs) have become a major threat to global public health, with the disease burden particularly severe in developing countries, China being one of them. The preventive and control effects of traditional treatment methods on NCDs are limited, and innovative strategies are urgently needed. In recent years, vaccine technology has expanded from the field of infectious diseases to non-communicable diseases (NCDs).

Identification of immune-related diagnostic genes and immune cell infiltration in aseptic loosening of prostheses after total hip arthroplasty by integrated bioinformatics analysis and experimental confirmation.

Background: Aseptic loosening (AL) of hip prostheses is one of the main reasons for revision total hip arthroplasty (rTHA). However, the transcriptomic characteristics of AL are scarcely understood. This study aimed to discover candidate biomarkers for the diagnosis of AL.

How disease threat affects the purchase intention of ultra-processed foods among high-pressure workers.

Introduction: The continuous outbreak of global epidemics has highlighted the impact of disease threats on consumer behavior. While prior research has examined the influence of disease threats on consumer decisions, few studies have explored their specific effect on the purchase intention of ultra-processed foods among high-pressure workers. This study examines how disease threats affect the purchase intention of ultra-processed foods among this group.

Unveiling the Angstrom-Scale Interfacial Electron Spillover through the Metal/Electrolyte Interface.

The behaviors of solid-liquid interfacial electron spillovers under negative potentials are crucial for understanding heterogeneous reactions and catalysts. The missing experimental details at the angstrom scale leave the current understanding of interfacial electron spillovers largely conceptual. Herein, we demonstrated interfacial electron spillover at electrode-electrolyte interfaces by combining electrochemical plasmon-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (PERS) with a plasmonic molecular ruler strategy.

N6-methyladenosine (m6A) dysregulation contributes to network excitability in temporal lobe epilepsy.

Analogous to DNA methylation and protein phosphorylation, it is now well understood that RNA is also subject to extensive processing and modification. N6-methyladenosine (m6A) is the most abundant internal RNA modification and regulates RNA fate in several ways, including stability and translational efficiency. The role of m6A in both experimental and human epilepsy remains unknown.

Structure-Dependent Degradation Mechanism of Layered Sodium Oxides upon Air Exposure.

Cation disorder often occurs in layered sodium oxides when severe Na deficiency is induced by thermodynamic Na extraction in ambient air, resulting in serious electrochemical degradation. Herein, two commercialized layered oxides, P2-type Na(NiFeMn)O (P2-NNFM) and O3-type Na(NiFeMn)O (O3-NNFM), are adopted to systematically investigate the reversibility of cation disorder caused by air corrosion. Experiments and theoretical calculations show that cation disorder is detected at the near surface of both layered oxides after exposure to air.

Whole-Genome Analysis Uncovers Long-Noncoding RNAs Regulating Resistance via Metabolic Pathways in Rice.

Rice sheath blight is a devastating disease caused by . The systematic studies on long-noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs)-mediated gene regulation during rice defense against are limited. Here, we identified 833 -responsive lncRNAs in rice that clustered into eight distinct expression modules.

Distorted Intermediate S (1) State in Xanthophylls Drives Efficient Energy Transfer in Light-Harvesting Complex II.

Understanding energy transfer in photosynthetic light-harvesting systems, especially the role of carotenoids and their structural dynamics, remains challenging. Despite their critical function in light harvesting, the mechanisms by which carotenoids transfer excitation energy to chlorophylls have not been fully understood. This study used temperature-dependent femtosecond stimulated Raman spectroscopy, quantum chemical calculations, and molecular dynamics simulations to investigate ultrafast conformational changes in free xanthophylls and those bound in light-harvesting complex II (LHCII).

Effects of valproate on the entry of inert hydrophilic markers and expression of tight junction associated genes in the neonatal brain and choroid plexus of a rat model of epilepsy (GAERS).

Background: The integrity of blood-brain and blood-cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) barriers is characterised by their ability to restrict transcellular passage of inert, hydrophilic markers of different molecular sizes by tight junctions between barrier forming cells. Compromised barrier integrity has been linked to many pathologies, including epilepsy.

Methods: Genetic Absence Epilepsy Rat from Strasbourg (GAERS) and Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats between embryonic day 19 and 21-week were administered an injection of radiolabelled sucrose (342 Da) or dextran (70 kDa) intravenously.

MINGLE: a mutual information-based interpretable framework for automatic cell type annotation in single-cell chromatin accessibility data.

Single-cell chromatin accessibility sequencing (scCAS) has proven invaluable for investigating the intricate landscape of epigenomic heterogeneity. We propose MINGLE, a mutual information-based interpretable framework that leverages cellular similarities and topological structures for accurate cell type annotation of scCAS data. Additionally, we introduce a convex hull-based strategy to effectively identify novel cell types.

Synergistic Stabilization of Pt Single Atoms by Cl and Ru for Industrial-Scale Current Density Hydrogen Production.

Pt single-atom (SA) catalysts are considered ideal cathodic materials for PEM water electrolysis (PEMWE) due to their excellent atom utilization and tunable local coordination environment, yet their durability for practical applications remains an unresolved challenge. Herein we report the Pt SAs, synergistically stabilized by Cl-ligand and Ru nanoparticles, exhibit both high activity and durability for hydrogen evolution reaction (HER). A key finding is that the dynamically evolved Pt-Cl-Pt coordination structure protects Pt SAs against aggregation.

Adaptive gut microbiota dysbiosis coupled with altered fatty acid metabolism in apple snails (Pomacea canaliculata): A potential strategy against polystyrene microplastic stress.

Microplastic (MP) pollution is a growing concern in aquatic ecosystems, and it can be accumulated within aquatic organisms, but the impact on the physiological status and gut microbiota of freshwater gastropods remains insufficiently understood. This study investigates the impact of polystyrene microplastic (PS) on the gut microbiota and metabolomic of apple snails (Pomacea canaliculata) following a 21-day exposure at three concentrations (1, 10, and 50 mg/L). Results showed that high PS concentrations significantly reduced food intake and weight gain while induced oxidative stress in intestinal tissues.

The Characteristically Slow Proton Transfer Coupled to Platinum Oxidation in Alkaline Polyelectrolyte as Elucidated at the Molecular Level.

The proton transfer in alkaline polyelectrolyte membrane (APEM)/electrode interfaces is significantly coupled to the electrochemical reactions in energy conversion and green synthesis. The OH in APEM/electrode interfaces is characteristically without cations in the surroundings but ambiguous in proton-transfer-coupled electrochemical reactions at the molecular level. Here we employed electrochemical surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy and high-level quantum-chemical calculations to elucidate the proton transfer in the APEM/Pt interface by using electrochemical Pt oxidation as an indicator.

Light-triggered regionally controlled n-doping of organic semiconductors.

Doping is a primary method to modulate the electrical properties of semiconductors, enabling the fabrication of various homojunctions/heterojunctions and complex devices. For organic semiconductors (OSCs), the electrical performance has been extensively improved by developing doping methods and dopants. However, compared with the state-of-the-art spatial resolution of inorganic semiconductor fabrication processes, OSCs lag far behind, limiting the construction of complex organic electronic devices.

Chaperonin containing TCP1 subunit 5 as a novel pan-cancer prognostic biomarker for tumor stemness and immunotherapy response: insights from multi-omics data, integrated machine learning, and experimental validation.

Background: Chaperonin containing TCP1 subunit 5 (CCT5), a vital component of the molecular chaperonin complex, has been implicated in tumorigenesis, cancer stemness maintenance, and therapeutic resistance. Nevertheless, its comprehensive roles in pan-cancer progression, underlying biological functions, and potential as a predictor of immunotherapy response remains poorly understood.

Methods: We performed a comprehensive multi-omics pan-cancer analysis of CCT5 across 33 cancer types, integrating bulk RNA-seq, single-cell RNA-seq (scRNA-seq), and spatial transcriptomics data.

A Real-Time Plasma Concentration Prediction Model for Voriconazole in Elderly Patients via Machine Learning Combined with Population Pharmacokinetics.

Purpose: Voriconazole (VCZ) is a first-line treatment for invasive fungal disease, characterized by a narrow therapeutic window and significant inter-individual variability. It is primarily metabolized by the liver, the function of which declines with age. Pathological and physiological changes in elderly patients contribute to increased fluctuations in VCZ plasma concentrations.

Zinner's syndrome in two young middle-aged men: a case report and review of the literature.

Zinner syndrome (ZS) is a relatively uncommon congenital genitourinary malformation, characterised by a triad of conditions: unilateral renal hypoplasia or dysplasia, ipsilateral ejaculatory duct obstruction and seminal vesicle cysts. This association is caused by the hypoplasia of the distal portion of the Wolffian duct between the 4th and 13th week of gestational age. To date, approximately 221 cases have been documented, the majority of which are case reports, with only a few being retrospective studies.

Adenosquamous cell carcinoma of the penis: a case report and literature review.

Background: Penile cancer is a relatively uncommon malignancy. It is most commonly a squamous cell carcinoma (SCC), but other non-squamous malignancies, including basal cell carcinoma, melanoma, sarcoma, metastatic carcinoma and adenosquamous cell carcinoma, have also been documented. Primary adenosquamous carcinoma of the penis (ASC) is an uncommon variant of SCC, accounting for approximately 1-2% of all SCC cases.

Effect of retention time on renal function and kidney size in patients with indwelling DJ tubes.

The impact of DJ tube retention time on renal function has received scant attention from researchers. Nevertheless, there is a plethora of clinical evidence indicating that protracted stent retention can result in renal insufficiency, or even renal atrophy, which can consequently lead to loss of renal function or nephrectomy.A comprehensive review of the medical records of all patients who underwent DJ tube placement between 1 January 2010 and 1 September 2024 in our hospital was performed.

Gestational Valproate Exposure Induces Tissue-Specific Transcriptomic Changes in the Neonatal Brain and Choroid Plexus in a Rat Model of Epilepsy, GAERS.

Valproate is an antiseizure drug required by many epileptic patients to manage their symptoms. During pregnancy, its use has been shown to increase the risk of neurobehavioral deficits in the offspring. The present study used a rat model of absence epilepsy, Genetic Absence Epilepsy Rat from Strasbourg (GAERS), to investigate the effects of gestational valproate exposure on early postnatal brain cortex and lateral choroid plexus transcriptomes.

Chemically crosslinked flexible polymer phase change material with self-healing, self-adaptive, and shape-memory properties for thermal interface applications.

In the operation of chips and other electronic components, the inability to effectively dissipate heat to ensure high-efficiency operation has always been a problem that hinders their development. To address this issue, this paper prepares a Thermal Interface Phase Change Material (TIPCM) by melt blending paraffin wax (PW) with styrene-ethylene-butylene-styrene (SEBS) and adding dicumyl peroxide as a crosslinking agent to form and reinforce a PW-SEBS crosslinked network. TIPCM maintains its structural integrity even above the melting temperature of PW due to the chemically crosslinked SEBS network, solving the leakage problem of phase change materials.

Integrating adipsin with novel cardiometabolic and inflammatory indices for enhanced early prediction of gestational diabetes mellitus: a prospective cohort study.

Background: Early identification of individuals at risk for gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is essential for mitigating its adverse effects on both maternal and foetal health. This study aimed to evaluate the predictive value of the cardiometabolic index (CMI), systemic inflammation response index (SIRI), and serum adipsin levels for GDM.

Methods: A total of 1660 pregnant women were enrolled in this study conducted in Suzhou, China.

Resistin upregulates fatty acid oxidation in synoviocytes of metabolic syndrome-associated knee osteoarthritis via CAP1/PKA/CREB to promote inflammation and catabolism.

Background: Metabolic Syndrome (MetS), as a syndrome characterized by low-grade inflammation and energy metabolism disorders, is considered to be an important systemic risk factor for knee osteoarthritis (KOA). Our previous study showed that the protein level of serum resistin was positively correlated with the degree of metabolic disorder in MetS-OA. However, whether Resistin promotes the progression of KOA synovitis and the underlying mechanisms remain unclear.