Imbalance of Bone Homeostasis Caused by Nrf2 Deficiency Leads to Bone Loss in OVX Rats.

Postmenopausal osteoporosis (PMOP) is a common bone metabolic disorder in middle-aged and elderly women, yet its pathogenesis remains unclear. This study investigates the effect of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) deficiency on bone homeostasis to provide insight into the mechanisms underlying PMOP. Sixteen female SD rats were randomly assigned to Sham and ovariectomized (OVX) groups.

Circular RNA hsa_Circ_0007552 inhibits lung adenocarcinoma proliferation, migration and invasion via the miR-7974/BAP1 axis.

Objectives: Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are a class of non-coding RNAs with diverse pathophysiological functions. However, the functional roles and molecular mechanisms of circRNAs in lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) remain to be further elucidated.

Methods: The expression levels of Circ_0007552 (Circ_RILPL1), miR-7974, and BRCA1-associated protein 1 (BAP1) mRNA in LUAD tissues and cells were detected by quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR).

Canine Mdr1 Knockout MDCK Cells Reliably Estimate Human Small Intestinal Permeability () and Fraction Absorbed ().

Human intestinal permeability is a key determinant of the oral fraction absorbed () of active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs). This study evaluated the ability of an in-house canine Mdr1 (cMdr1) knockout (KO) Madin-Darby Canine Kidney (MDCK) cell line to correlate apparent permeability () with human small intestinal permeability (). values of 16 reference compounds with high, medium, or low permeabilities were measured in the in-house cMdr1 KO MDCK protocol under pH gradient (6.

SHCBP1 drives tumor progression in triple-negative breast cancer.

Backgrounds: Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) represents the most aggressive breast cancer subtype. The limited treatment options underscore the urgent need to explore novel molecular targets to combat TNBC progression. This study investigates the oncogenic functions of SHCBP1 in TNBC.

Dynamic Evolution of Vascular Features Based on Magnetic Resonance Imaging to Predict Pathological Response, Patterns of Recurrence and Survival Outcomes in Breast Cancer Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy.

Neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC), followed by surgery and adjuvant therapy, constitutes the prevailing therapeutic paradigm for patients with locally advanced breast cancer (LABC) [...

RBC balanced immuno-inflammatory signatures identify advanced breast cancer patients on CDK4/6 inhibitors at increased risk of progression and death.

The association of immuno-inflammatory parameters, especially RBC balanced signatures, with survival outcomes and adverse events still require investigation for advanced breast cancer (ABC) patients receiving cyclin-dependent kinase 4/6 inhibitor (CDKI). Herein, RBC balanced immuno-inflammatory (RBC-IMM) score was developed and capable of predicting progression-free survival (PFS) events ( < 0.001), death ( < 0.

Development and validation of a blood biomarker-based model for differentiating stroke etiology in acute large vessel occlusion.

Objective: Early differentiation of stroke etiology in acute large vessel occlusion stroke (LVOS) is crucial for optimizing endovascular treatment strategies. This study aimed to develop and validate a prediction model for pre-procedural etiological differentiation based on admission laboratory parameters.

Methods: We conducted a retrospective cohort study at a comprehensive stroke center, enrolling consecutive patients with acute LVOS who underwent endovascular treatment between January 2018 and October 2024.

A model based on PT-INR and age serves as a promising predictor for evaluating mortality risk in patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection.

COVID-19 caused by the coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 has resulted in a global pandemic. Considering some patients with COVID-19 rapidly develop respiratory distress and hypoxemia, early assessment of the prognosis for COVID-19 patients is important, yet there is currently a lack of research on a comprehensive multi-marker approach for disease prognosis assessment. Here, we utilized a large sample of hospitalized individuals with COVID-19 to systematically compare the clinical characteristics at admission and developed a nomogram model that was used to predict prognosis.

Sensing, Adapting and Thriving: How Fruit Crops Combat Abiotic Stresses.

Production of high-yield and high-quality fruits is always the long-term objective of fruit crop cultivation, which, however, is challenged by various abiotic stresses such as drought, extreme temperatures and high salinity, and the adverse impacts of abiotic stresses on fruit crops are exacerbated by climate change in recent years. To cope with these environmental stressors, fruit crops have evolved adaptative strategies involving physiological changes and molecular regulation. In this review, we summarise the relevent changes in photosynthesis, osmotic and reactive oxygen species (ROS) equilibrium, metabolism and protein homeostasis in response to abiotic stresses.

TCP1 promotes the progression of malignant tumours by stabilizing c-Myc through the AKT/GSK-3β and ERK signalling pathways.

The chaperonin tailless complex polypeptide 1 (TCP1) is a key subunit of chaperonin containing TCP1 (CCT) that regulates the folding and stability of proteins during cancer progression. Here, the prognostic significance of TCP1 was explored mainly in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). We showed that TCP1 expression was significantly greater in clinically malignant tumour tissues than in normal tissues and that high TCP1 expression was associated with poor prognosis.

Crosstalk between macrophages and adjacent cells in AKI to CKD transition.

Acute kidney injury (AKI), triggered by ischemia, sepsis, toxicity, or obstruction, is marked by a rapid impairment of renal function and could lead to the initiation and advancement of chronic kidney disease (CKD). The concept of AKI to CKD transition has gained much interest. Despite a series of studies highlighting the diverse roles of renal macrophages in the immune response following AKI, the intricate mechanisms of macrophage-driven cell-cell communication in AKI to CKD transition remains incompletely understood.

Measurement of Intratumor Heterogeneity and Its Changing Pattern to Predict Response and Recurrence Risk After Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy in Breast Cancer.

The heterogeneity of breast tumors might reflect biological complexity and provide prediction clues for the sensitivity of treatment. This study aimed to construct a model based on tumor heterogeneity in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) for predicting the pathological complete response (pCR) to neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC). This retrospective study involved 217 patients with biopsy-confirmed invasive breast cancer who underwent MR before and after NAC.

Development and validation of a surgical robot system for orbital decompression surgery.

Purpose: Orbital decompression surgery, which expands the volume of the orbit by removing sections of the orbital walls with a drill and saw, is an important treatment option for thyroid-associated ophthalmopathy. However, it is often limited by physical factors such as a narrow operating space and instability of the manual holding of surgical instruments, which constrains doctors from accurately executing surgical planning.

Methods: To overcome these limitations, we designed a surgical robot comprising position adjustment, remote center of motion, and end-effector with a rapid surgical instrument assembly mechanisms.

Efficacy of the Bushen Jianpi Huoxue Formula on Beclin-1/Bcl-2-mediated autophagy and apoptosis in osteoblasts.

Background: The Beclin-1/Bcl-2 complex plays a pivotal role in regulating both autophagy and apoptosis in osteoblasts affected by osteoporosis. This study first investigates whether the Bushen Jianpi Huoxue Formula can enhance the cellular function of osteoblasts. Additionally, it initially explores the functional mechanism of Beclin-1/Bcl-2-related apoptosis.

Survival outcomes, multidimensional prediction and subsequent therapy in patients with hormone receptor-positive advanced breast cancer receiving palbociclib: a real-world analysis.

Background: To date, the overall survival (OS) of hormone receptor-positive advanced breast cancer (ABC) treated with palbociclib has not been reported in Chinese patients. It still remains unclear what kind of patients may benefit in OS from palbociclib treatment and what the optimal sequential antineoplastic regimen is for those progressing on palbociclib. Therefore, we aimed to investigate the OS outcome of ABC patients receiving palbociclib, establish a predictive model to identify the potential candidates who may benefit from palbociclib and explore the ideal subsequent treatment strategy after palbociclib.

Label-free discrimination analysis of breast cancer tumor and adjacent tissues of patients after neoadjuvant treatment using Raman spectroscopy: a diagnostic study.

Background And Objective: Breast-conserving surgery (BCS) plays a crucial role in breast cancer treatment, with a primary focus on ensuring cancer-free surgical margins, particularly for patients undergoing neoadjuvant treatment. After neoadjuvant treatment, tumor regression can complicate the differentiation between breast cancer tumor and adjacent tissues. Raman spectroscopy, as a rapid and non-invasive optical technique, offers the advantage of providing detailed biochemical information and molecular signatures of internal molecular components in tissue samples.

In vitro digestive behavior of emulsifier-stabilized excipient emulsions affects the bioaccessibility of flavonoids.

Background: Flavonoids, found in common vegetables and fruits, have health benefits that are often limited by their low bioavailability. Excipient emulsions provide an effective strategy to overcome these obstacles. However, the nature of the emulsifier used to formulate excipient emulsions and the chemical structure of the flavonoids both affect the bioaccessibility of the flavonoids.

A study of the clinical significance of mSEPT9 in monitoring recurrence and prognosis in patients with surgically treated colorectal cancer.

Objective: To explore the medical significance of methylated septin9 (mSEPT9) in monitoring recurrence and prognostic assessment in individuals with surgically treated colorectal cancer (CRC).

Methods: To investigate the role of Septin9 in colorectal cancer, we utilized the TIMER2.0 database to analyze its differential expression between tumor tissues and adjacent normal tissues.

Inhibitory potential of 7-hydroxycoumarin-3-carboxylic acid against tyrosinase and its effect on the preservation of fresh-sliced apples.

Excessive tyrosinase expression leads to pigmented diseases in humans and browning in plants, necessitating effective tyrosinase inhibitors. This study investigated the inhibitory effect and mechanism of 7-hydroxycoumarin-3-carboxylic acid (7-HC-3-CA) on tyrosinase. Using UV-visible absorption spectroscopy, we found that 7-HC-3-CA effectively inhibited tyrosinase activity, with an IC value of 364 ± 1.

Stable or at least once HER2-low status during neoadjuvant chemotherapy confers survival benefit in patients with breast cancer.

Background: Temporal heterogeneity in human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) status may be associated with the prognosis of breast cancer. We aimed to clarify the relationship of HER2-low transition during neoadjuvant therapy with survival outcomes under the new classification of HER2 status.

Methods: This retrospective study was conducted based on the prospective database of breast cancer patients treated with neoadjuvant therapy from September 2013 to August 2020.

Value of CDR1-AS as a predictive and prognostic biomarker for patients with breast cancer receiving neoadjuvant chemotherapy in a prospective Chinese cohort.

Background: Neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) is an effective treatment for locally advanced breast cancer (BC). However, there are no effective biomarkers for evaluating its efficacy. CDR1-AS, well known for its important role in tumorigenesis, is a famous circular RNA involved in the chemosensitivity of cancers other than BC.

Identification of miRNAs related to osteoporosis by high-throughput sequencing.

Background: Osteoporosis is a major health issue. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) play multiple roles in regulating cell growth and development. High-throughput sequencing technology is widely used nowadays.

Noninvasive Photothermal Therapy of Nasopharyngeal Cancer Guided by High Efficiency Optical-Absorption Nanomaterial Enhanced by NIR-II Photoacoustic Imaging.

Background: Photothermal therapy (PTT) guided by photoacoustic imaging (PAI) using nanoplatforms has emerged as a promising strategy for cancer treatment due to its efficiency and accuracy. This study aimed to develop and synthesize novel second near-infrared region (NIR-II) absorption-conjugated polymer acceptor acrylate-substituted thiadiazoloquinoxaline-diketopyrrolopyrrole polymers (PATQ-DPP) designed specifically as photothermal and imaging contrast agents for nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC).

Methods: The PATQ-DPP nanoparticles were synthesized and characterized for their optical properties, including low optical band gaps.

[Research Progress of Functional Materials for Conversion of Agricultural Biomass Wastes].

Excess agricultural biomass waste is increasing rapidly, leading to many environmental and governance issues. Therefore, increased attention has been paid to the recycling and value-added application of agricultural biomass waste. In recent years, the research of agricultural biomass waste utilization and derived functional materials has mainly included the following two aspects： ① the extraction of natural polymers and value-added applications and ② the direct preparation of new carbon-based materials, including adsorption, catalysis, energy storage electrode, and composite functional materials.