Simultaneous imaging of bidirectional guided waves probes arterial mechanical anisotropy, blood pressure, and stress synchronously.

Arterial biomechanical indicators have long been recognized as fundamental contributors to the physiology and pathology of cardiovascular systems. Probing multiple biomechanical parameters of arteries simultaneously throughout the cardiac cycle is highly important but remains challenging. Here, we report a method to quantify arterial anisotropic stiffness, arterial wall stresses, and local blood pressure in a single measurement.

Identification of immune and major depressive disorder-related diagnostic markers for early nonalcoholic fatty liver disease by WGCNA and machine learning.

Background: Major depressive disorder (MDD) and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) are highly prevalent conditions that exhibit significant pathophysiological overlap, particularly in metabolic and immune pathways.

Objective: This study aims to bridge this gap by integrating transcriptomic data from publicly available repositories and advanced machine learning algorithms to identify novel biomarkers and construct a predictive model facilitates the provision of clinical psychological nursing interventions for early-stage NAFLD in MDD patients.

Method: We systematically analyzed transcriptomic data of simple steatosis (SS), nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), and major depressive disorder (MDD) from GEO databases to construct and validate a diagnostic model.

Impact of Serum Magnesium Levels on Mineral-Bone Metabolism in Non-Dialysis-Dependent Chronic Kidney Disease.

Background: Magnesium is one of the important minerals in the human body. The metabolic imbalance of magnesium has been found in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD), but the research on the serum magnesium level of patients with non-dialysis-dependent CKD (NDD-CKD) and its relationship with mineral-skeletal metabolic disorder (CKD-MBD) is still relatively limited. This study aims to explore the changes in serum magnesium levels in patients with non-dialysis-dependent CKD at different stages and evaluate its relationship with mineral metabolism markers (calcium, phosphorus, iPTH and alkaline phosphatase).

Characterization of volatile compounds in mozzarella cheeses made from bovine and buffalo milk by different aroma extraction and identification methods.

High-moisture mozzarella cheese is particularly popular because of its freshness and milky flavor; however, the difference in aroma compound composition between high-moisture mozzarella cheese made from bovine (BOC) and buffalo milk (BUC) remains unclear. Herein, the volatile compounds of 2 kinds of mozzarella cheese were qualitatively and quantitatively analyzed by solid-phase microextraction comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography olfactometry time-of-flight mass spectrometry (SPME-GC×GC-O-TOF-MS), solid-phase microextraction-Arrow gas chromatography mass spectrometry (SPME Arrow-GC-MS), and gas chromatography ion-mobility spectrometry (GC-IMS) for the first time. A total of 139 volatile compounds were identified (69 aroma active compounds were sniffed), of which 106 were identified in BOC and 96 in BUC.

Corrigendum: Effectiveness, safety, and treatment pattern of sodium zirconium cyclosilicate in Chinese patients with hyperkalemia: interim analysis from a multicenter, prospective, real-world study (Actualize Study).

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2024.

Effect of epicatechin gallate on the glycosylation of soybean protein isolate-lutein complexes with inulin-type fructans and the protective failure point of glycosylated proteins.

In recent years, the application of natural extracts such as proteins modified to protect lutein has become a potential technology, but modified proteins lose their protective function towards lutein after a period of time. So far, very few studies have been conducted on the modified proteins after losing their protective function. Therefore, the present study investigate the effect of different polyphenols in tea polyphenols (GTP) on glycosylated soybean protein isolate-lutein (GSPI-lutein) complexes with inulin-type fructans and the GSPI after losing their protective.

Guided wave elastography of human skins with a layered model incorporating the effect of muscle state.

In vivo mechanical characterization of skin finds broad applications in understanding skin aging, diagnosis of some skin diseases and assessing the effectiveness of diverse skin care strategies. Skin has a layered structure consisting of the epidermis, dermis and subcutaneous layers. Although much effort has been made towards mechanical characterization of skin, it remains a challenging issue to measure the mechanical properties of an individual layer in vivo.

Effectiveness, safety, and treatment pattern of sodium zirconium cyclosilicate in Chinese patients with hyperkalemia: interim analysis from a multicenter, prospective, real-world study (Actualize Study).

Sodium zirconium cyclosilicate (SZC) is a nonabsorbed cation-exchanger approved in China for the treatment of hyperkalemia [HK; serum potassium (sK) levels >5.0 mmol/L]. This is the first real-world study aimed to assess the effectiveness, safety, and treatment patterns of SZC in Chinese patients with HK.

Revealing the mechanism of the lutein protective function of epicatechin-fructan glycosylated soybean protein isolate.

Lutein possesses various physiological activities but is susceptible to light degradation, thermal degradation, and oxidative degradation. As such, protecting the activity of lutein-based products using natural extracts has become a current research. In this study, lutein was protected by complexing inulin-type fructan (ITF), soybean protein isolate (SPI), and epicatechin (EC), and the protection mechanism of epicatechin-fructan glycosylated soybean protein isolate (EC-GSPI) toward lutein was elucidated comprehensively.

Metabolomics reveals factors affecting the radical reaction of sulfides during thermal processing for meaty aroma.

The effects of cysteine (Cys), glutathione (GSH) and cystine (GCys) on sulfides and meaty aroma were studied based on concentration monitoring and metabolomics. In multi-component models, Cys and GSH demonstrated a greater capacity to decrease dimethyl trisulfide (DMTS) levels and increase the proportion of 2-methyl-3-furanthiol (MFT), compared with GCys. Moreover, no discernible difference between Cys and GSH in dynamic profiles of volatiles to further analyze the synergistic effect of both.

Differences in the Chromogenic Effect of Corn Starch and Potato Starch on Paprika Red Pigment and Structural Characterisation.

The present study aims to investigate the chromogenic effect and the interaction between starch-pigment complexes of corn starch (CS) and potato starch (PS) complexed with paprika red pigment. Compared to PS, CS showed 12.5 times higher adsorption capacity for paprika red pigment.

SWENet: A Physics-Informed Deep Neural Network (PINN) for Shear Wave Elastography.

Shear wave elastography (SWE) enables the measurement of elastic properties of soft materials in a non-invasive manner and finds broad applications in various disciplines. The state-of-the-art SWE methods rely on the measurement of local shear wave speeds to infer material parameters and suffer from wave diffraction when applied to soft materials with strong heterogeneity. In the present study, we overcome this challenge by proposing a physics-informed neural network (PINN)-based SWE (SWENet) method.

Guided wave elastography of jugular veins: Theory, method and in vivo experiment.

Testing the mechanical properties of veins is important for diagnosing some cardiovascular diseases such as deep venous thrombosis. Additionally, it plays a crucial role in designing body protective products such as head protective gear, where simulations are necessary to predict the mechanical responses of bridging veins during head impacts. The data on venous mechanical properties reported in the literature have mainly been obtained from ex vivo experiments, and inferring the material parameters of veins in vivo is challenging.

Effect of Maillard Reaction Products Derived from Cysteine on the Formation of Dimethyl Disulfide and Dimethyl Trisulfide during Storage.

The effect of Maillard reaction products derived from cysteine on dimethyl disulfide (DMDS) and dimethyl trisulfide (DMTS) was evaluated in the ternary mixture (methionine, cysteine, and xylose) and binary mixture (methionine and 2-threityl-thiazolidine-4-carboxylic acid) during 56 days storage. Changes in concentrations revealed that the methionine/cysteine/xylose model showed lower concentrations of DMDS and DMTS than those of the binary mixture. Antioxidant ability and labeled isotopomer proportion information indicated that low levels of DMDS and DMTS in the ternary mixture were attributed to not only 2-furfurylthiol and 2-methyl-3-furanthiol (MFT) reacting with methanethiol but also the ternary mixture having stronger antioxidant activity.

Epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) inhibits lipopolysaccharide-induced inflammation in RAW 264.7 macrophage cells via modulating nuclear factor kappa-light-chain enhancer of activated B cells (NF-B) signaling pathway.

Epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) is a major bioactive compound in tea polyphenol extract. After ingestion, EGCG reaches the intestine and may commence anti-inflammation in the intestinal organ. Thus, in this paper, the anti-inflammatory effect of EGCG was studied using lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced inflammation in RAW 264.

Characterization of potent odorants causing meaty odor reduction in thermal process flavorings with beef-like odor by the sensomics approach.

Changes in flavor quality of thermal process flavorings with beef-like odor (TPFB) affected sensory properties upon storage. The changes in sensory quality and odorants of TPFB stored at 50 ℃ for 168 days were evaluated using sensomics approach. The aroma profiles of TPFB gradually changed from stronger meaty notes to stronger burnt and soybean paste-like notes during storage.

Shear wave imaging the active constitutive parameters of living muscles.

Shear wave elastography (SWE) of human skeletal muscles allows for measurement of muscle elastic properties in vivo and has important applications in sports medicine and for the diagnosis and treatment of muscle-related diseases. Existing methods of SWE for skeletal muscles rely on the passive constitutive theory and have so far been unable to provide constitutive parameters describing muscle active behavior. In the present paper, we overcome this limitation by proposing a SWE method for quantitative inference of active constitutive parameters of skeletal muscles in vivo.

Evaluation of safety, effectiveness and treatment patterns of sodium zirconium cyclosilicate in management of hyperkalaemia in China: a real-world study protocol.

Introduction: Hyperkalaemia (HK) is a potentially life-threatening electrolyte imbalance associated with several adverse clinical outcomes. The efficacy and negative effects of currently existing treatment options have made HK management questionable. Sodium zirconium cyclosilicate (SZC), a novel highly selective potassium binder, is approved for the treatment of HK.

Noninvasive measurement of local stress inside soft materials with programmed shear waves.

Mechanical stresses across different length scales play a fundamental role in understanding biological systems' functions and engineering soft machines and devices. However, it is challenging to noninvasively probe local mechanical stresses in situ, particularly when the mechanical properties are unknown. We propose an acoustoelastic imaging-based method to infer the local stresses in soft materials by measuring the speeds of shear waves induced by custom-programmed acoustic radiation force.