Development and validation of a prognostic model for predicting survival and immunotherapy benefits in melanoma based on metabolism-relevant genes.

Skin cutaneous melanoma (SKCM) is a fatal form of skin cancer. Metabolism-related genes (MRGs) comprise a group of genes that possess the ability to modulate and regulate metabolic pathways. In this study, the expression levels of MRGs were used to classify SKCM patients into three molecular subtypes.

Epidemiological and Clinical Characteristics of Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infection in Children in Hangzhou (2022-2023).

Human respiratory syncytial virus (HRSV) is a highly contagious RNA virus that causes respiratory infections, especially in children. This study evaluated the impact of COVID-19 control measure changes on HRSV infection patterns in Hangzhou by comparing epidemiological and clinical characteristics. We conducted a retrospective analysis of 12,993 pediatric nasopharyngeal swab samples from children with acute respiratory infections at The Children's Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine.

Epidemiological characteristics of human parainfluenza virus infections and phylogenetic analysis of human parainfluenza virus type 3 isolated from children with respiratory tract infections from 2020 to 2022 in Zhejiang, China.

Human parainfluenza viruses (HPIVs) are a major cause of pediatric respiratory hospitalizations worldwide. HPIV-3 is one of the most common subtypes of HPIV. In this study, we retrospectively analyzed the respiratory pathogen detection results for 23,775 children with ARIs who were treated in Zhejiang Province from January 2020 to December 2022, 610 HPIVs-positive specimens were selected for parainfluenza virus typing, and 35 HPIV-3-positive samples were selected for HN gene sequencing and analysis.

Evaluation of a fully automatic nucleic acid amplification system for detecting four respiratory pathogens.

Background: Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), adenovirus (ADV), human parainfluenza virus (hPIV), and Mycoplasma pneumoniae (MP) are prevalent pathogens causing acute respiratory infections (ARIs) in children. Prompt and precise detection of these pathogens is essential for early differentiation. This study sought to assess the diagnostic efficacy of a fully automatic real-time fluorescence PCR assay utilizing microfluidic technology (PCR-MT) for the rapid detection of RSV, hPIV, ADV, and MP in children in a hospital setting in Zhejiang, China.

ZBP1 senses spliceosome stress through Z-RNA:DNA hybrid recognition.

Z-DNA-binding protein 1 (ZBP1; also known as DAI or DLM-1) regulates cell death and inflammation by sensing left-handed double-helical nucleic acids, including Z-RNA and Z-DNA. However, the physiological conditions that generate Z-form nucleic acids (Z-NAs) and activate ZBP1-dependent signaling pathways remain largely elusive. In this study, we developed a probe, Zα-mFc, that specifically detected both Z-DNA and Z-RNA.

Structural and molecular dysfunctions in granulosa cells: A key contributor to porcine follicular atresia.

The physiological function and metabolism of granulosa cells (GCs) are highly regulated processes that coordinate cells specification and morphogenesis to produce related cytokines and secretions that are closely associated with follicular development. However, there is no comprehensive understanding of the molecular functions of GCs in follicular atresia. Here, we investigated follicular morphological features, fibrosis, vascular changes, and immune cell distribution.

The assembly and activation of the PANoptosome promote porcine granulosa cell programmed cell death during follicular atresia.

Background: Follicular atresia significantly impairs female fertility and hastens reproductive senescence. Apoptosis of granulosa cells is the primary cause of follicular atresia. Pyroptosis and necroptosis, as additional forms of programmed cell death, have been reported in mammalian cells.

Reduced NET1 adversely affects early embryonic development in mice.

Neuroepithelial transforming gene 1 (NET1) is a RhoA subfamily-specific guanine/nucleotide-exchange factor that exhibits critical roles in diverse biological processes. However, the functions in mouse preimplantation embryonic development have not yet determined. In the present study we demonstrated that NET1 is a key factor in the outcome of early mouse embryonic development.

Maternal cigarette smoking before or during pregnancy increases the risk of severe neonatal morbidity after delivery: a nationwide population-based retrospective cohort study.

Background: The association of maternal cigarette smoking during pregnancy with severe neonatal morbidity (SNM) is still inconclusive. We aimed to examine the associations of the timing and the intensity of maternal cigarette smoking with infant SNM in the USA.

Methods: We used birth certificate data of 12 150 535 women aged 18-49 years who had live singleton births from the 2016-2019 US National Vital Statistics System.

Molecular Epidemiology of Human Parainfluenza Virus Type 3 in Children With Acute Respiratory Tract Infection in Hangzhou.

Background: Since the outbreak of COVID-19, China has undertaken a variety of preventative and control measures, effectively reducing the incidence of numerous infectious diseases among the pediatric population in Hangzhou. We aim to investigate the genetic and epidemiological characteristics of Human parainfluenza virus-3 (HPIV-3) in pediatric patients during this period.

Methods: A total of 1442 pharyngeal swab samples were collected from outpatients and inpatients with a diagnosis of acute respiratory tract infections (ARTIs) from November 2020 to March 2021.

Association between emphysema and other pulmonary computed tomography patterns in primary varicella pneumonia: A retrospective cohort study.

This study aims to evaluate chest computed tomography (CT) findings in hospital patients with primary varicella pneumonia (PVP). We retrospectively analyzed CT images of 77 PVP patients using 3D Slicer, an open-source software, to model lesions and lungs. This retrospective cohort study was approved by the Institutional Review Board (Ethical Committee, Renmin Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, China) and waived the requirement for written informed consent.

Leaf Senescence Regulation Mechanism Based on Comparative Transcriptome Analysis in Foxtail Millet.

Leaf senescence, a pivotal process in plants, directly influences both crop yield and nutritional quality. Foxtail millet () is a C model crop renowned for its exceptional nutritional value and stress tolerance characteristics. However, there is a lack of research on the identification of senescence-associated genes (s) and the underlying molecular regulatory mechanisms governing this process.

Overexpression of KAT8 induces a failure in early embryonic development in mice.

Embryo quality is strongly associated with subsequent embryonic developmental efficiency. However, the detailed function of lysine acetyltransferase 8 (KAT8) during early embryonic development in mice remains elusive. In this study, we reported that KAT8 played a pivotal role in the first cleavage of mouse embryos.

KAT8 functions in redox homeostasis and mitochondrial dynamics during mouse oocyte meiosis progression.

As a histone acetyltransferase, lysine acetyltransferase 8 (KAT8) participates in diverse biological processes. However, the effect of KAT8 on oocyte maturation in mice remains unclear. In this study, we found that mouse oocytes overexpressing Kat8-OE induced maturation failure manifested reduced rates of GVBD and first polar body emission.

A study on the tourism efficiency of tourism destination based on DEA model: A case of ten cities in Shaanxi province.

Exploring the of regional tourism efficiency is of great significance in promoting high-quality development of regional tourism. However, there are not many studies that measure the quality development of tourism destinations from the perspective of inputs and output. Based on this, the data envelopment analysis model is used to measure the overall technical efficiency (TECRS), pure technical efficiency (TEVRS), and scale efficiency (SE) with the help of DEA-SOLVER software, taking the ten prefecture-level cities in Shaanxi Province as examples, to further analyze and evaluate the spatial differences of different tourism destinations and the reasons for the differences.

NET1 is a critical regulator of spindle assembly and actin dynamics in mouse oocytes.

Background: Neuroepithelial transforming gene 1 (NET1) is a RhoA subfamily guanine nucleotide exchange factor that governs a wide array of biological processes. However, its roles in meiotic oocyte remain unclear. We herein demonstrated that the NET1-HACE1-RAC1 pathway mediates meiotic defects in the progression of oocyte maturation.

A human-specific insertion promotes cell proliferation and migration by enhancing TBC1D8B expression.

Human-specific insertions play important roles in human phenotypes and diseases. Here we reported a 446-bp insertion (Insert-446) in intron 11 of the TBC1D8B gene, located on chromosome X, and traced its origin to a portion of intron 6 of the EBF1 gene on chromosome 5. Interestingly, Insert-446 was present in the human Neanderthal and Denisovans genomes, and was fixed in humans after human-chimpanzee divergence.

Effect of different manual puncture methods on donkey embryo before vitrification.

The application of embryo recovery and transfer technology in the donkey industry is far lower than that of horses and cattle. Sometimes the recovered embryos could not be transferred in time, which required embryo cryopreservation. The embryo cryopreservation technology is more conducive to the preservation and transportation of recovered embryos with excellent genetic traits.

Role of FBXL5 in redox homeostasis and spindle assembly during oocyte maturation in mice.

As an E3 ubiquitin ligase, F-box and leucine-rich repeat protein 5 (FBXL5) participates in diverse biologic processes. However, the role of Fbxl5 in mouse oocyte meiotic maturation has not yet been fully elucidated. The present study revealed that mouse oocytes depleted of Fbxl5 were unable to complete meiosis, as Fbxl5 silencing led to oocyte meiotic failure with reduced rates of GVBD and polar body extrusion.