Phosphoglycerate kinase 1 contributes to diabetic kidney disease through enzyme-dependent and independent manners.

Diabetic kidney disease (DKD) is characterized by abnormal metabolic profiles. Metabolomics reveals increased serum levels of 3-phosphoglycerate (3-PG) in DKD patients. The protein expression of phosphoglycerate kinase 1 (PGK1), a key rate-limiting enzyme for 3-PG synthesis, is concomitantly upregulated in DKD patients and mice.

Covalent Adaptable Polyester Networks Based on Citric Acid with Fast Dynamic Behaviors and Closed-Loop Recyclability.

Most covalent adaptable networks (CANs) based on citric acid (CA) exhibit low thermostability, low glass-transition temperatures (), and poor mechanical properties. Moreover, their slow relaxation rates necessitate prolonged reprocessing time, resulting in issues such as degradation or side-reactions. Herein, a bicyclic tetracarboxylate (DMTE) derived from CA was prepared.

Analysis of the pharmacological mechanisms of Xiaoyao pill in breast cancer treatment.

Objective: The Xiaoyao pill, a Chinese patent medicine initially designed for treating breast hyperplasia, has emerged as a potential therapy for inhibiting breast cancer.

Method: Research has delved into its mechanisms, utilizing Disease Oncology, Gene Oncology, and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes analyses. Correlations between Xiaoyao pill's target genes and lipid metabolism were identified.

Exosomal microRNA signatures in youth at clinical high risk for bipolar disorder.

Introduction: Individuals at clinical high risk for bipolar disorder (CHR-BD) experienced insufficient recognition. Little is known regarding the association between exosome microRNA (miRNA) profile and bipolar disorder (BD) risk.

Materials And Methods: Twenty youth at CHR-BD, 21 patients with BD, and 24 healthy controls were recruited in this study.

Ultrasound-assisted extraction, enrichment, and hypolipidemic potential of triterpenes from Grifola frondosa mycelia.

Triterpenes (GFTs) are the main secondary metabolites of Grifola frondosa, which is a famous porous fungus with multiple biological actions. To enhance the yield of GFTs, the parameters for ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE) of GFTs were first optimized. As a result, the highest amount of GFTs (25.

IL-6R blockade combined with immunosuppressants alleviates adult-onset Still's disease through immune remodeling: a mass cytometry study.

Background: Early administration of IL-6R blockade is effective in adult-onset Still's disease (AOSD), but the underlying immune alterations during combined immunotherapy remain unclear.

Methods: We employed high-dimensional single-cell mass cytometry and an unbiased bioinformatics pipeline to characterize the immune landscape in treatment-naïve AOSD patients, stable AOSD patients after 24 weeks of IL-6R blockade plus methotrexate and prednisone, and matched healthy controls. Cytokine profiling was conducted using a high-throughput cytometric bead array, and potential regulatory networks were identified using the PerformanceAnalytics package.

Hydrogen sulfide as a new therapeutic target of pulmonary hypertension: an overview with update on immunomodulation.

Pulmonary hypertension (PH) is a complex and progressive vascular disease characterized by elevated pulmonary arterial pressure (PAP) and vascular resistance, leading to right ventricular failure and, ultimately, death. Current therapies primarily focus on vasodilation and symptom management, but there remains a critical need for treatments that address the underlying pathophysiological mechanisms of PH. Numerous studies have identified hydrogen sulfide (HS) as a potential therapeutic target in PH.

[Fresh Rehmanniae Radix regulates cholesterol metabolism disorder in mice fed with high-fat and high-cholesterol diet via FXR-mediated bile acid reabsorption].

This study aims to investigate the potential effect of the water extract of fresh Rehmanniae Radix on hypercholesterolemia in mice that was induced by a high-fat and high-cholesterol diet and explore its possible mechanism from bile acid reabsorption. Male C57BL/6 mice were randomly assigned into the following groups: control, model, low-and high-dose(4 and 8 g·kg~(-1), respectively) fresh Rehmanniae Radix, and positive drug(simvastatin, 0.05 g·kg~(-1)).

Salvianolic acid B attenuates hypercholesterolemia via modulating the gut microbiota and bile acid metabolism.

Regulation of bile acid metabolism offers an effective approach of reducing hypercholesterolemia. Salvianolic acid B, a phenolic acid compound found in salvia miltiorrhiza Bge, has therapeutic effects on cardiovascular diseases. Nevertheless, insufficient is known concerning the impact on hypercholesterolemia.

Hot Corrosion Behavior and Damage Mechanism on Yield Property of Nickel-Based Superalloy.

Ni-based superalloys with enhanced environmental resistance at high temperatures are crucial for advanced gas turbine engines. The new polycrystalline nickel-based superalloy has excellent mechanical properties, but as a low-Cr, high-alloying superalloy, its environmental resistance has never been investigated. The hot corrosion behavior of the nickel-based superalloy under molten salt conditions and its effect on its tensile properties were investigated in this paper.

Flavonoids From the Whole Plants of Leptopus clarkei and Their In Vitro Anti-inflammatory Activities.

Our previous research has confirmed that the Leptopus genus plants possess significant anti-tumor and hepatoprotective effects, and over 50 triterpenoids were isolated from these plants. In the present work, the anti-inflammatory activities of four Leptopus genus plants were evaluated before phytochemical experiments. Subsequently, eight flavonoids (1-8) including two previously undescribed prenylated flavonoids (1-2) were isolated from the whole plants of Leptopus clarkei.

Causal association of breast cancer with immune cells: new evidence from bi-directional Mendelian randomization using GWAS summary statistics.

Background: The tumor microenvironment of breast cancer encompasses a broad spectrum of immune cell populations. These cell populations are biologically/clinically relevant to varying degrees. The causal relationship between these immune cells and breast cancer remains uncertain despite their relevance.

α-Hederin causes ferroptosis in triple-negative breast cancer through modulating IRF1 to suppress GPX4.

Background: Breast cancer ranks first in the global incidence rate of cancer among women. Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is considered to be the most dangerous type because of the lack of specific therapeutic targets and rapid progression. The emergence of ferroptosis provides a new therapeutic perspective for TNBC.

Reactor for Photocatalytic Hydrogen Production from Water.

Solar-energy-driven photocatalytic water (HO) splitting converts solar energy into a high-valuable chemical, i. e. hydrogen (H), and is thereby a promising technique for achieving a sustainable society.

Therapeutic Targeting of Decr1 Ameliorates Cardiomyopathy by Suppressing Mitochondrial Fatty Acid Oxidation in Diabetic Mice.

Background: A significant increase in mitochondrial fatty acid oxidation (FAO) is now increasingly recognized as one of the metabolic alterations in diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM). However, the molecular mechanisms underlying mitochondrial FAO impairment in DCM remain to be fully elucidated.

Methods: A type 2 diabetes (T2D) mouse model was established by a combination of high-fat diet (HFD) and streptozotocin (STZ) injection.

Comprehensive transcriptomic profiling reveals molecular characteristics and biomarkers associated with risk stratification in papillary thyroid carcinoma.

Papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) is one of the most common endocrine malignancies, with varying levels of risk and clinical behavior. A better understanding of the molecular characteristics could improve molecular diagnosis and risk assessment. In this study, we performed whole transcriptomic sequencing on 113 PTC cases, including 70 high-risk and 43 low-risk Chinese patients.

Sodium pump subunit NKAα1 protects against diabetic endothelial dysfunction by inhibiting ferroptosis through the autophagy-lysosome degradation of ACSL4.

The sodium pump Na+/K+-ATPase (NKA), an enzyme ubiquitously expressed in various tissues and cells, is a critical player in maintaining cellular ion homeostasis. Dysregulation of α1 subunit of NKA (NKAα1) has been associated with cardiovascular and metabolic disorders, yet the exact role of NKAα1 in diabetes-induced endothelial malfunction remains incompletely understood. The NKAα1 expression and NKA activity were examined in high-glucose (HG)-exposed endothelial cells (ECs) and mouse aortae, as well as in high-fat-diet (HFD)-fed mice.

Immunogenic dying cells elicit potent anti-tumor T cell immunity against lung metastasis and tumorigenesis.

Purpose: Immune checkpoint blockades (ICBs) are promising, however they do not fit all types of tumor, such as those lack of tumor antigens. Induction of potent anti-tumor T cell immunity is critical for cancer therapy. In this study, we investigated the efficacy of immunotherapy via the immunogenic cell death (ICD) dying tumor cells in mouse models of lung metastasis and tumorigenesis.

Drimane-type sesquiterpenoids and triterpenoids from the whole plant of with their antiproliferative and anti-inflammatory activities.

Saline-tolerant medicinal plants possess novel chemical constituents with high bioactivity because of their unique secondary metabolic pathways. an aquatic plant found in the coastal wetlands of the Yellow River Delta, was collected and studied in the present work. Ten drimane-type sesquiterpenoids and four triterpenoids, including six new ones (sinenseines A-F), were isolated from a whole plant of for the first time.

Nutritional Inequality and Co-Morbid Chronic Disease Among Breast Cancer Survivors in China.

Background/objectives: Breast cancer survivors often face an elevated risk of developing co-morbid chronic diseases, which may be exacerbated by nutritional inequalities. This study aimed to comprehensively assess the associations between nutrition literacy, dietary quality, and the risk of co-morbidity in breast cancer survivors in China.

Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among cancer survivors enrolled in the Shanghai Cancer Rehabilitation Club from March to July 2023.

Flavonoids from the whole plants of and their anti-inflammatory activity.

Medicinal plants in the high salinity and high alkaline environment might possess some special chemical constituents with new skeleton and high bioactivity. In this work, the main chemical constituents of namely flavonoids, were comprehensively studied for the first time. A new flavonoid together with five known compounds were isolated from the whole plants of Their structures were determined by the analysis of comprehensive spectroscopic data.

Gut microbiome and metabolites mediate the benefits of caloric restriction in mice after acute kidney injury.

The role of gut microbiome in acute kidney injury (AKI) is increasing recognized. Caloric restriction (CR) has been shown to enhance the resistance to ischemia/reperfusion injury to the kidneys in rodents. Nonetheless, it is unknown whether intestinal microbiota mediated CR protection against ischemic/reperfusion-induced injury (IRI) in the kidneys.

Vaccarin suppresses diabetic nephropathy through inhibiting the EGFR/ERK1/2 signaling pathway.

Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is recognized as one of the primary causes of chronic kidney disease and end-stage renal disease. Vaccarin (VAC) confers favorable effects on cardiovascular and metabolic diseases, including type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Nonetheless, the potential role and mechanism of VAC in the etiology of DN have yet to be completely elucidated.