Phosphoglycerate kinase 1 contributes to diabetic kidney disease through enzyme-dependent and independent manners.

Diabetic kidney disease (DKD) is characterized by abnormal metabolic profiles. Metabolomics reveals increased serum levels of 3-phosphoglycerate (3-PG) in DKD patients. The protein expression of phosphoglycerate kinase 1 (PGK1), a key rate-limiting enzyme for 3-PG synthesis, is concomitantly upregulated in DKD patients and mice.

Hydrogen sulfide as a new therapeutic target of pulmonary hypertension: an overview with update on immunomodulation.

Pulmonary hypertension (PH) is a complex and progressive vascular disease characterized by elevated pulmonary arterial pressure (PAP) and vascular resistance, leading to right ventricular failure and, ultimately, death. Current therapies primarily focus on vasodilation and symptom management, but there remains a critical need for treatments that address the underlying pathophysiological mechanisms of PH. Numerous studies have identified hydrogen sulfide (HS) as a potential therapeutic target in PH.

[Fresh Rehmanniae Radix regulates cholesterol metabolism disorder in mice fed with high-fat and high-cholesterol diet via FXR-mediated bile acid reabsorption].

This study aims to investigate the potential effect of the water extract of fresh Rehmanniae Radix on hypercholesterolemia in mice that was induced by a high-fat and high-cholesterol diet and explore its possible mechanism from bile acid reabsorption. Male C57BL/6 mice were randomly assigned into the following groups: control, model, low-and high-dose(4 and 8 g·kg~(-1), respectively) fresh Rehmanniae Radix, and positive drug(simvastatin, 0.05 g·kg~(-1)).

Flavonoids From the Whole Plants of Leptopus clarkei and Their In Vitro Anti-inflammatory Activities.

Our previous research has confirmed that the Leptopus genus plants possess significant anti-tumor and hepatoprotective effects, and over 50 triterpenoids were isolated from these plants. In the present work, the anti-inflammatory activities of four Leptopus genus plants were evaluated before phytochemical experiments. Subsequently, eight flavonoids (1-8) including two previously undescribed prenylated flavonoids (1-2) were isolated from the whole plants of Leptopus clarkei.

Reactor for Photocatalytic Hydrogen Production from Water.

Solar-energy-driven photocatalytic water (HO) splitting converts solar energy into a high-valuable chemical, i. e. hydrogen (H), and is thereby a promising technique for achieving a sustainable society.

Therapeutic Targeting of Decr1 Ameliorates Cardiomyopathy by Suppressing Mitochondrial Fatty Acid Oxidation in Diabetic Mice.

Background: A significant increase in mitochondrial fatty acid oxidation (FAO) is now increasingly recognized as one of the metabolic alterations in diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM). However, the molecular mechanisms underlying mitochondrial FAO impairment in DCM remain to be fully elucidated.

Methods: A type 2 diabetes (T2D) mouse model was established by a combination of high-fat diet (HFD) and streptozotocin (STZ) injection.

Sodium pump subunit NKAα1 protects against diabetic endothelial dysfunction by inhibiting ferroptosis through the autophagy-lysosome degradation of ACSL4.

The sodium pump Na+/K+-ATPase (NKA), an enzyme ubiquitously expressed in various tissues and cells, is a critical player in maintaining cellular ion homeostasis. Dysregulation of α1 subunit of NKA (NKAα1) has been associated with cardiovascular and metabolic disorders, yet the exact role of NKAα1 in diabetes-induced endothelial malfunction remains incompletely understood. The NKAα1 expression and NKA activity were examined in high-glucose (HG)-exposed endothelial cells (ECs) and mouse aortae, as well as in high-fat-diet (HFD)-fed mice.

Parental health belief model constructs associated with oral health behaviors, dental caries, and quality of life among preschool children in China: a cross-sectional study.

Background: Early childhood caries (ECC) is a prevalent health problem that negatively affects both overall health and oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL). This study investigated the association between health belief model (HBM) constructs and oral health behaviors, dental caries, and OHRQoL in preschool children in China.

Methods: A total of 1562 preschool children aged 3 to 6 years were recruited from six public kindergartens in Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, by using stratified cluster sampling.

Flavonoids from the whole plants of and their anti-inflammatory activity.

Medicinal plants in the high salinity and high alkaline environment might possess some special chemical constituents with new skeleton and high bioactivity. In this work, the main chemical constituents of namely flavonoids, were comprehensively studied for the first time. A new flavonoid together with five known compounds were isolated from the whole plants of Their structures were determined by the analysis of comprehensive spectroscopic data.

Gut microbiome and metabolites mediate the benefits of caloric restriction in mice after acute kidney injury.

The role of gut microbiome in acute kidney injury (AKI) is increasing recognized. Caloric restriction (CR) has been shown to enhance the resistance to ischemia/reperfusion injury to the kidneys in rodents. Nonetheless, it is unknown whether intestinal microbiota mediated CR protection against ischemic/reperfusion-induced injury (IRI) in the kidneys.

Ameliorates Carbohydrate and Lipid Metabolism Disorders in Diabetic Mice by Regulating Bile Acid Metabolism via the Gut-Liver Axis.

Background: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a metabolic syndrome characterized by chronic inflammation, insulin resistance, and islet cell damage. The prevention of T2DM and its associated complications is an urgent public health issue that affects hundreds of millions of people globally. Numerous studies suggest that disturbances in gut metabolites are important driving forces for the pathogenesis of diabetes.

Enhanced Visible-Light-Driven Photocatalytic Overall Splitting of Pure Water in a Porous Microreactor.

Photocatalytic overall splitting of pure water (HO) without sacrificial reagent to hydrogen (H) and oxygen (O) holds a great potential for achieving carbon neutrality. Herein, by anchoring cobalt sulfide (CoS) as cocatalyst and cadmium sulfide (CdS) as light absorber to channel wall of a porous polymer microreactor (PP12), continuous violent H and O bubbling productions from photocatalytic overall splitting of pure HO without sacrificial reagent is achieved, with H and O production rates as high as 4.41 and 2.

Discovery of Orally Bioavailable and Potent CDK9 Inhibitors for Targeting Transcription Regulation in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer.

Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) represents a highly aggressive and heterogeneous malignancy. Currently, effective therapies for TNBC are very limited and remain a significant unmet clinical need. Targeting the transcription-regulating cyclin-dependent kinase 9 (CDK9) has emerged as a promising avenue for therapeutic treatment of TNBC.

Vaccarin alleviates septic cardiomyopathy by potentiating NLRP3 palmitoylation and inactivation.

Background: Sepsis often leads to significant morbidity and mortality due to severe myocardial injury. As is known, the activation of NOD-like receptor family pyrin domain-containing 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome crucially contributes to septic cardiomyopathy (SCM) by facilitating the secretion of interleukin (IL)-1β and IL-18. The removal of palmitoyl groups from NLRP3 is a crucial step in the activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome.

[Supply-demand bundles and ecological function management of urban ecosystem services: Taking central urban area of Qiqihar as an example].

The comprehensive management of multiple ecosystem services is the focus of current research in the field of ecosystem service. The ecological space in the central urban area is scarce, but ecological needs are diverse. How to scientifically use urban land while considering various ecological functions has gradually become an academic hotspot.

Boosted Sacrificial-Agent-Free Selective Photoreduction of CO to CHOH by Rhenium Atomically Dispersed on Indium Oxide.

Solar-energy-driven photoreduction of CO is promising in alleviating environment burden, but suffers from low efficiency and over-reliance on sacrificial agents. Herein, rhenium (Re) is atomically dispersed in InO to fabricate a 2Re-InO photocatalyst. In sacrificial-agent-free photoreduction of CO with HO, 2Re-InO shows a long-term stable efficiency which is enhanced by 3.

Total Synthesis of Metaphanine and Oxoepistephamiersine.

Herein, we report a concise and divergent synthesis of the complex hasubanan alkaloids metaphanine and oxoepistephamiersine from commercially available and inexpensive cyclohexanedione monoethylene acetal. Our synthesis features a palladium-catalyzed cascade cyclization reaction to set the tricyclic carbon framework of the desired molecules, a regioselective Baeyer-Villiger oxidation followed by a MeNH triggered skeletal reorganization cascade to construct the benzannulated aza[4.4.

Electronic Interactions on Platinum/(Metal-Oxide)-Based Photocatalysts Boost Selective Photoreduction of CO to CH.

By supporting platinum (Pt) and cadmium sulfide (CdS) nanoparticles on indium oxide (In O ), we fabricated a CdS/Pt/In O photocatalyst. Selective photoreduction of carbon dioxide (CO ) to methane (CH ) was achieved on CdS/Pt/In O with electronic Pt-In O interactions, with CH selectivity reaching to 100 %, which is higher than that on CdS/Pt/In O without electronic Pt-In O interactions (71.7 %).

Long-Term Stable Hydrogen Production from Water and Lactic Acid via Visible-Light-Driven Photocatalysis in a Porous Microreactor.

Photocatalytic hydrogen (H ) production is significant to overcome challenges like fossil fuel depletion and carbon dioxide emission, but its efficiency is still far below that which is needed for commercialization. Herein, we achieve long-term stable H bubbling production from water (H O) and lactic acid via visible-light-driven photocatalysis in a porous microreactor (PP12); the catalytic system benefits from photocatalyst dispersion, charge separation, mass transfer, and dissociation of O-H bonds associated with H O. With the widely used platinum/cadmium-sulfide (Pt/CdS) photocatalyst, PP12 leads to a H bubbling production rate of 602.

Substituent changes in the salen ligands of CuNa-complexes to induce various structures and catalytic activities towards 2-imidazolines from nitriles and 1,2-diaminopropane.

Based on various comparable salen ligands, three synthesized CuIINaI-complexes present efficient catalytic activities for the coupling and cyclization reaction of 1,2-diaminopropane with nitriles towards 2-imidazolines. The catalytic results show that salen ligands with an electron-donating substituent and small steric hindrance improve the catalytic activity.

Study on the correlation between extracellular matrix protein-1 and the growth, metastasis and angiogenesis of laryngeal carcinoma.

Objective: To investigate the correlation between extracellular matrix protein-1 (ECM1) and the growth, metastasis and angiogenesis of laryngeal carcinoma.

Materials And Methods: Forty-five samples with laryngeal benign and malignant tumors confirmed by pathology in Laiwu City People's Hospital from March 2006 to March 2011 were collected, in which there were 29 cases with laryngeal carcinoma and 16 with benign tumors. The expression of ECM1 and factor VIII-related antigens in patients with laryngeal carcinoma and those with benign tumors was respectively detected using immunohistochemical method, and the correlation between ECM1 staining grade and microvessel density (MVD) was analyzed.

Cordyceps militaris polysaccharides can enhance the immunity and antioxidation activity in immunosuppressed mice.

To evaluate the immune activation and reactive oxygen species scavenging activity of Cordyceps militaris polysaccharides (CMP) in vivo, 90 male BALB/c mice were randomly divided into six groups. The mice in the three experimental groups were given cyclophosphamide at 80 mg/kg/d via intraperitoneal injection and 17.5, 35, or 70 mg/kg body weight CMP via gavage.