Exploration of the Mechanism of Action of in the Treatment of Liver Cancer Based on Network Pharmacology, Molecular Docking and in vitro Validation.

Purpose: The anti-tumor effects of , as a medicinal and dietary Chinese medicine, have long been documented. However, the mechanism of action for its therapeutic effect has not been fully elucidated.

Methods: The chemical constituents of were screened using PubMed, CNKI, and Wanfang databases.

Guidelines for the testing and reporting of cytogenetic results for risk stratification of multiple myeloma: a report of the Cancer Genomics Consortium Plasma Cell Neoplasm Working Group.

Fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) remains the gold-standard clinical assay to detect genetic abnormalities in multiple myeloma (MM). However, FISH panel design, use of conventional chromosome banding analysis and reporting practices have been reported to vary among laboratories. Therefore, standardization in FISH testing and reporting practices is needed to improve report clarity and avoid misinterpretation.

Transcription factor E2F1 promotes non-small cell lung cancer progression by activating the PI3K/AKT pathway through MCM4.

Purpose: Among malignant tumors, non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) remains a major threat to human life and health. Studies have illustrated that minichromosome maintenance protein 4 (MCM4) has complex interactions with the progression of many cancers, yet the role and mechanism of MCM4 in NSCLC remain to be elucidated.

Methods: MCM4 expression in NSCLC tissues was assessed using the TCGA database.

Depletion of oxysterol-binding proteins by OSW-1 triggers RIP1/RIP3-independent necroptosis and sensitization to cancer immunotherapy.

Oxysterol-binding proteins (OSBPs), lipid transfer proteins functioning at intracellular membrane contact sites, are recently found to be dysregulated in cancer and promote cancer cell survival. However, their role as potential targets in cancer therapy remains largely unexplored. In this study, we found OSW-1, a natural compound and OSBP inhibitor, potently and selectively kills colon cancer cells by activating a previously unknown necroptosis pathway that is independent of receptor-interacting protein 1 (RIP1) and RIP3.

Exploring the Potential of Homologous Recombination Protein PALB2 in Synthetic Lethal Combinations.

Cells with defective homologous recombination (HR) are highly sensitive to poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) inhibition. Current therapeutic approaches leverage this vulnerability by using PARP inhibitors in cells with genetically compromised HR. However, if HR factors in cancer cells could be inhibited or degraded pharmacologically, it might reveal other opportunities for synergistic combinations.

Clinicopathological and global methylation profiling of acute myeloid leukemia with mutations in and clonal hematopoiesis-related genes.

Recent studies suggest that nucleophosmin 1 ()-mutated acute myeloid leukemia (-AML) often arises from clonal hematopoiesis (CH) involving mutations in genes (, , ), which can persist during remission. This research evaluates the clinical implications of molecular profiling of CH-related genes in -AML by comparing clinical features, treatment outcomes, and methylation patterns with those of -AML lacking mutations. Findings show -AML with mutations exhibited higher WBC/peripheral blood blast counts, a lower incidence of extramedullary disease, more frequent but less -TKD mutations.

Meningiomas With Chromosomal Polysomies Reveal Nonrandom Gain of Chromosomes, Distinct Methylation Signature, and Lower Risk of Recurrence.

Meningiomas are the most common primary central nervous system tumors in adults. Although the majority of meningiomas are benign, certain clinical and histopathological factors are associated with an increased risk of tumor progression and recurrence. Advances in genomic characterization of brain tumors have revealed that certain molecular characteristics such as TERT promoter mutation and chromosomal losses on 1p, 6p/q, 9p, 10p/q, 14q, and 18p/q as genomic markers are associated with aggressive behavior.

Clinical outcomes of interlocking main pancreatic duct-jejunal internal bridge drainage in middle pancreatectomy: A comparative study.

Background: Middle pancreatectomy (MP) is a surgical procedure that removes non-invasive lesions in the pancreatic neck and body, allowing for the preservation of pancreatic function. However, MP is associated with a higher risk of postoperative complications, and there's no clear consensus on which anastomotic method is preferable. In recent years, our team has developed a new method called interlocking main pancreatic duct-jejunal (IMPD-J) internal bridge drainage to MP.

Clinicopathologic Characteristics and Prognostic Profile of Chronic Myeloid Neoplasms With Somatic NF1 Mutations in Adult Patients.

Objectives: The clinicopathologic and prognostic features of somatic NF1 mutations have been well studied in pediatric myeloid neoplasms and adult acute myeloid leukemia (AML) but not in adult chronic myeloid neoplasms (CMNs), including myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS), myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPNs), and myelodysplastic/myeloproliferative neoplasms (MDS/MPNs).

Methods: A retrospective review was performed to identify adult patients diagnosed with NF1-mutated CMNs between 1/2010 and 8/2023. Patients with NF1 wildtype (NF1-WT) CMNs concurrently diagnosed during the same time were used as a comparative group.

Genomic characterization and histologic analysis of uterine leiomyosarcoma arising from leiomyoma with bizarre nuclei.

Leiomyoma with bizarre nuclei (LM-BN) is a rare variant of leiomyoma with a benign clinical course. In contrast, leiomyosarcoma (LMS) is a high-grade, malignant neoplasm characterized by high recurrence rates and poor survival. While LM-BN and LMS show distinct morphologies, they share similar immunoprofiles and molecular alterations, with both considered 'genomically unstable'.

MiRNAs function in the development of resistance against doxorubicin in cancer cells: targeting ABC transporters.

Resistance to chemotherapeutic agents poses a significant challenge in cancer treatment, particularly with doxorubicin, a widely used drug for various cancers, including breast cancer, leukaemia, osteosarcoma, and gastrointestinal cancers. This review aims to elucidate the critical role of microRNAs (miRNAs) in the development of doxorubicin resistance, focusing on their interactions with ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporters. Despite extensive research, the molecular mechanisms governing doxorubicin resistance still need to be completed, particularly regarding the regulatory influence of miRNAs on ABC transporter expression.

Use of Mitotic Activity and the Size of Any Dedifferentiated Component for Risk Assessment in MDM2-Amplified Liposarcoma.

Context.—: The characteristic molecular signature for both atypical lipomatous tumor/well-differentiated liposarcoma and dedifferentiated liposarcoma is amplified sequences derived from chromosome 12q13-15, including MDM2 proto-oncogene (MDM2). As the progression of atypical lipomatous tumor/well-differentiated liposarcoma to the more aggressive dedifferentiated liposarcoma has the potential to adversely affect patient outcomes, the extent of the latter component might be important to evaluate.

CSF3R mutated myeloid neoplasms: Beyond chronic neutrophilic leukemia.

CSF3R activating mutation is a genetic hallmark of chronic neutrophilic leukemia (CNL), and is also present in a subset of atypical chronic myeloid leukemia (aCML), but infrequent in other myeloid neoplasms. However, the occurrence of CSF3R mutations in various myeloid neoplasms is not well studied. Here we evaluate the spectrum of CSF3R mutations and the clinicopathologic features of CSF3R mutated myeloid neoplasms.

Blood flow regulates acvrl1 transcription via ligand-dependent Alk1 activity.

Hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia (HHT) is an autosomal dominant disease characterized by the development of arteriovenous malformations (AVMs) that can result in significant morbidity and mortality. HHT is caused primarily by mutations in bone morphogenetic protein receptors ACVRL1/ALK1, a signaling receptor, or endoglin (ENG), an accessory receptor. Because overexpression of Acvrl1 prevents AVM development in both Acvrl1 and Eng null mice, enhancing ACVRL1 expression may be a promising approach to development of targeted therapies for HHT.

Clinical implications of additional chromosomal abnormalities in adult acute myeloid leukemia with inv (16)/t(16;16)/CBFB::MYH11.

Objectives: This study assesses the clinical significance of additional cytogenetic abnormalities (ACAs) and/or the deletion of 3'CBFB (3'CBFB) resulting in unbalanced CBFB::MYH11 fusion in acute myeloid leukemia (AML) with inv (16)/t(16;16)/CBFB::MYH11.

Methods: We retrospectively evaluated the clinicopathologic features of 47 adult de novo AML with inv (16)/t(16;16)/CBFB::MYH11 fusion. There were 44 balanced and 3 unbalanced CBFB::MYH11 fusions.

Blood flow regulates transcription via ligand-dependent Alk1 activity.

Hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia (HHT) is an autosomal dominant disease characterized by the development of arteriovenous malformations (AVMs) that can result in significant morbidity and mortality. HHT is caused primarily by mutations in bone morphogenetic protein receptors /ALK1, a signaling receptor, or endoglin (), an accessory receptor. Because overexpression of prevents AVM development in both and null mice, enhancing expression may be a promising approach to development of targeted therapies for HHT.

Prognostic value of F-FDG PET radiomics and sarcopenia in patients with oral squamous cell carcinoma.

Background: Oral cancer is one of the most common malignancies in the head and neck region. Approximately 90% of oral cancers are oral squamous cell carcinomas (OSCC). F-FDG PET/CT has been used in OSCC patients for its high value in detecting metastatic lymph nodes and distant metastases.

Embryonic exposure to aluminum chloride blocks the onset of spermatogenesis through disturbing the dynamics of testicular tight junctions via upregulating Slc25a5 in offspring.

Studies have revealed neurotoxicity, hepatotoxicity, and developmental and reproductive toxicity in mice exposed to aluminum. However, relatively few studies have been conducted to clarify the mechanism underlying the impact of embryonic exposure to aluminum on the development of the male reproductive system in offspring. Pregnant mice were administered aluminum chloride (AlCl) by gavage from day 12.

PUMA/RIP3 Mediates Chemotherapy Response via Necroptosis and Local Immune Activation in Colorectal Cancer.

Induction of programmed cell death (PCD) is a key cytotoxic effect of anticancer therapies. PCD is not confined to caspase-dependent apoptosis, but includes necroptosis, a regulated form of necrotic cell death controlled by receptor-interacting protein (RIP) kinases 1 and 3, and mixed lineage kinase domain-like (MLKL) pseudokinase. Necroptosis functions as a defense mechanism against oncogenic mutations and pathogens and can be induced by a variety of anticancer agents.

Complete mitochondrial genome of and in China provides insights into fleas phylogeny.

Fleas (Order Siphonaptera) are common blood-feeding ectoparasites, which have important economic significance. Limited mitochondrial genome information has impeded the study of flea biology, population genetics and phylogenetics. The and complete mt genomes are described in this study.

Analysis of complete mitogenomes and phylogenetic relationships of and .

Fleas represent a group of paramount medical significance, subsisting on blood and acting as vectors for an array of naturally occurring diseases. These pathogens constitute essential elements within the plague biome, exerting deleterious effects on both human and livestock health. In this study, we successfully assembled and sequenced the whole mitochondrial genome of and using long-range PCR and next-generation sequencing technologies.

The complete mitochondrial genome of Morishitium polonicum (Trematoda, Cyclocoelidae) and its phylogenetic implications.

Trematodes can adversely impact the health and survival of wild animals. The trematode family Cyclocoelidae, which includes large digenean bird parasites, lacks molecular analysis, and reclassifications have not been supported. This study produced the first fully assembled and annotated mitochondrial genome sequence for the trematode Morishitium polonicum.

Lifestyle interventions to prevent adverse pregnancy outcomes in women at high risk for gestational diabetes mellitus: a randomized controlled trial.

Objective: To examine the effects of lifestyle interventions, including dietary guidance, health education and weight management, on pregnancy outcomes in women at high risk of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM).

Methods: Our study included 251 women at high risk of GDM and 128 randomized to lifestyle interventions (dietary guidance, health education, and weight management); One hundred and twenty-three people were randomly assigned to a control group (regular pregnancy check-ups). Counts between groups were compared using either chi-square test or Fisher's exact test.