Unraveling nitrogen evolution characteristics and driving mechanisms of estuarine alluvial islands.

Nitrogen pollution has long been a major threat to river and estuarine ecosystems around the world. However, at present, most of the research focuses on rivers and attached freshwater lakes, and the research on the nitrogen evolution characteristics and driving mechanisms of estuarine alluvial islands at river estuaries remains poorly understood. In this study, four cross-sections in Chongming District from 2021 to 2023, including Qixiaogang West Bridge, Qianweicun Bridge, Wuxiao, and Sanshahong Intersection were Sampled.

Deficiency of Microglial Hv1 Protects Against Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Neuroinflammation via the NF-κB Signaling Pathway and HIF1α-Mediated Metabolic Reprogramming.

Neuroinflammation plays a pivotal role in the initiation and progression of cognitive impairments. Hv1 channels have been implicated in proton extrusion, microglial activation, and neuroinflammation onset. Despite this, the specific mechanisms by which Hv1 deficiency mitigates neuroinflammation and its impact on pathophysiological processes are not fully understood.

Efficient activation of percarbonate by metal-free carbonylated activated carbon for green groundwater remediation: Performance, mechanism, applicability, and environmental implications.

Sodium percarbonate (SPC)-based advanced oxidation processes (AOPs) hold great promise for in-situ groundwater remediation. However, most existing studies have focused on the metal-carbon composite activation systems, facing the risk of secondary pollution from metal ion leaching. Herein, this study innovatively prepared metal-free carbonylated activated carbon (CAC) by regulating the conversion of oxygen-containing functional groups on carbon materials to activate SPC efficiently.

Efficient Glycine Electrosynthesis via CO-Recyclable Hydrogen Donation on Pb/PbBi Heterointerfaces.

Electrochemical synthesis has emerged as a sustainable platform in constructing C─N bonds for amino acid production. Glycine, a particularly valuable target compound, continues to experience escalating global demand, yet achieving simultaneous high efficiency and operational stability remains a persistent challenge. Herein, we demonstrate a CO-mediated strategy for glycine electrosynthesis using oxalic acid and N/nitrate as feedstocks.

Environmental behaviors, biotransformation, and toxicological risks of PFPiAs: A comprehensive review of an emerging PFAS.

As long-chain per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs), such as perfluoroalkyl carboxylic acids (PFCAs) and perfluoroalkane sulfonic acids (PFSAs), are gradually phased out due to regulatory restrictions, attention has increasingly shifted to emerging alternatives. Among them, perfluoroalkyl phosphinic acids (PFPiAs) have been commercialized since the 1970s, primarily as wetting agents in consumer products and as components in defoaming agents and pesticide formulations. Despite their long-term use and widespread occurrence in environmental and biological media, comprehensive knowledge of their environmental fate-particularly their transport, transformation, and toxicological impacts-remains limited.

Dual-quantification of the different contributions of climate change and anthropogenic activities to eutrophication of rivers and lakes in Asia's largest river basin (Yangtze River).

The impact of anthropogenic activities and climate change on surface water eutrophication has been of great concern. However, the contribution proportions of anthropogenic activities and climate change to the lakes and rivers' eutrophication in large basins has not been clearly revealed. This study employed Geographically Weighted Regression (GWR) and Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) to conduct a dual quantification of the differential contributions of anthropogenic activities and climate change to the eutrophication of rivers and lakes in the Yangtze River Basin (YRB).

Spatial heterogeneity of lake sediment hydraulic conductivity, hydrological connectivity and causes analysis under the influence of sand mining activities: In-situ tests in a typical large sand mining lake (Poyang lake).

Sand mining engineering will change the saturated hydraulic conductivity (K) of sediments, which is an important parameter determining the connectivity of surface water-sediment-aquifer system and the stability of shoreline. However, the research about K and hydrological connectivity of lake sediment under the influence of sand mining activities is still limited. In this study, 90 standpipe tests were conducted in the global largest sand mining lake (Poyang Lake) to measure K of lakebed sediment in different directions.

Clinical Application of the High Superficial Musculoaponeurotic System for Facial Rejuvenation in Chinese Patients.

Background: Face lift surgery can improve facial sagging and reestablish a youthful relationship between the soft tissues and the underlying skeleton. The early manifestations of aging in the periorbital region include sagging of the lateral eyebrows, which can lead to changes in facial expression and the appearance of fatigue and anxiety. In this study, we investigated the clinical outcomes of superficial musculoaponeurotic system (SMAS) face and neck lift combined with a subperiosteal brow and tail lift in a specific cohort of patients from China.

Multi-machine learning methods for rapid and synergistic inversion of groundwater contamination source, hydrogeologic parameter and boundary condition.

The application of machine learning methods to the groundwater pollution inversion problem has become a hot research topic in recent years. However, applying machine learning methods to achieve synergistic and rapid identification of pollution source information, hydrogeological parameter, and boundary condition is much limited. This study proposed to use multi-machine learning methods, including: multilayer perceptron (MLP), kernel extremum learning machine, support vector machine (SVR), and back-propagation neural network, to directly establish the inverse mapping relationship between the outputs of the simulation model and the inputs, and to realize the synergistic identification of multiple variables to be identified.

Latitudinal scaling of aggregation with abundance and coexistence in forests.

The search for simple principles that underlie the spatial structure and dynamics of plant communities is a long-standing challenge in ecology. In particular, the relationship between species coexistence and the spatial distribution of plants is challenging to resolve in species-rich communities. Here we present a comprehensive analysis of the spatial patterns of 720 tree species in 21 large forest plots and their consequences for species coexistence.

Revealing nitrate sources seasonal difference between groundwater and surface water in China's largest fresh water lake (Poyang Lake): Insights from sources proportion, dynamic evolution and driving forces.

Tracing the source of nitrate is the key path to solve the problem of nitrogen pollution. However, the seasonal difference of nitrate sources in groundwater and surface water and its dynamic evolution process and mechanism in large fresh water lake area are still not clear. In this study, 126 water samples were collected from groundwater and surface water in China's largest fresh water lake (Poyang Lake) region from 2022 to 2023.

Temporal Incision Super-high Superficial Musculoaponeurotic System Face Lift for Chinese Patients.

Background: This investigation assessed patient satisfaction with a temporal incision technique using a super-high superficial musculoaponeurotic system (SMAS) flap for midface lifting in a Chinese patient cohort.

Methods: From July 2019 to July 2023, 95 patients underwent midface lifts via a temporal incision approach at our institution. The extent of SMAS flap dissection spanned 2 cm above the outer canthus, to the lower margin of the zygomatic arch inferiorly, and medially to the zygomaticus major muscle.

Transparent and Mechanically Robust Janus Nanofiber Membranes for Open Wound Healing and Monitoring.

The electrospun nanofiber membrane has demonstrated great potential for wound management due to its porous structure, large surface area, mechanical strength, and barrier properties. However, there is a need to develop transparent bioactive nanofibers with strong mechanical properties to facilitate the monitoring of the healing process. In this study, we present an electrospinning-based method for creating transparent (∼80-90%), strong (∼11-13 MPa), and Janus nanofiber membranes.

Multi-evidences investigation into spatiotemporal variety, sources tracing, and health risk assessment of surface water nitrogen contamination in China.

A comprehensive understanding of nitrogen pollution status, especially the identification of sources and fate of nitrate is essential for effective water quality management at the local scale. However, the nitrogen contamination of surface water across China was poorly understood at the national scale. A dataset related to nitrogen was established based on 111 pieces of literature from 2000 to 2020 in this study.

Multi-machine learning methods to predict spatial variation characteristics of total nitrogen at watershed scale: Evidences from the largest watershed (Yangtze River Watershed), Asian.

Nitrogen pollution has emerged as a significant threat to the health of global river systems, garnering considerable attention. However, numerous challenges persist in understanding the characteristics and predicting the spatial changes of total nitrogen (TN) at the catchment scale. We leveraged data from 530 monitoring sections to calculate a land-use composite index and perform statistical analyses to explore the primary factors influencing nitrogen enrichment in the Yangtze River Watershed.

Host specificity of plant-associated bacteria is negatively associated with genome size and host abundance along a latitudinal gradient.

Host specialization plays a critical role in the ecology and evolution of plant-microbe symbiosis. Theory predicts that host specialization is associated with microbial genome streamlining and is influenced by the abundance of host species, both of which can vary across latitudes, leading to a latitudinal gradient in host specificity. Here, we quantified the host specificity and composition of plant-bacteria symbioses on leaves across 329 tree species spanning a latitudinal gradient.

Evolution origin analysis and health risk assessment of groundwater environment in a typical mining area: Insights from water-rock interaction and anthropogenic activities.

Coal mining changes groundwater environment, results in deterioration of water quality and endangering human health in the mining area. However, the comprehensive study of groundwater evolution and its potential impact in mining area is still insufficient. In this study, 95 groundwater samples were collected from 2019 to 2020 in a typical mining area of China.

Inverse relationship between species competitiveness and intraspecific trait variability may enable species coexistence in experimental seedling communities.

Theory suggests that intraspecific trait variability may promote species coexistence when competitively inferior species have higher intraspecific trait variability than their superior competitors. Here, we provide empirical evidence for this phenomenon in tree seedlings. We evaluated intraspecific variability and plastic response of ten traits in 6750 seedlings of ten species in a three-year greenhouse experiment.

Planar Cation Passivation on Colloidal Quantum Dots Enables High-Performance 0.35-1.8 µm Broadband TFT Imager.

Solution-processed colloidal quantum dots (CQDs) are promising candidates for broadband photodetectors from visible light to shortwave infrared (SWIR). However, large-size PbS CQDs sensitive to longer SWIR are mainly exposed with nonpolar (100) facets on the surface, which lack robust passivation strategies. Herein, an innovative passivation strategy that employs planar cation, is introduced to enable face-to-face coupling on (100) facets and strengthen halide passivation on (111) facets.

Colloidal quantum dot materials for next-generation near-infrared optoelectronics.

Colloidal quantum dots (CQDs) are a promising class of materials for next-generation optoelectronic devices, such as displays, LEDs, lasers, photodetectors, and solar cells. CQDs can be obtained at low cost and in large quantities using wet chemistry. CQDs have also been produced using various materials, such as CdSe, InP, perovskites, PbS, PbSe, and InAs.

Inhibition of voltage-gated Hv1 alleviates LPS-induced neuroinflammation via regulation of microglial metabolic reprogramming.

A growing body of evidence highlights the crucial role of metabolic reprogramming in activated immune cells, significantly contributing to both the initiation and progression of neuroinflammation and neurodegenerative diseases. The voltage-gated H channel (Hv1) has been reported to be involved in microglial activation and acts as a key driver of neuroinflammation. This study aimed to explore how Hv1-mediated metabolic reprogramming contributes to neuroinflammation and to assess the therapeutic potential of the Hv1 inhibitor 2-GBI in a model of lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced neuroinflammation.

Comprehensive treatment of deep frostbite of multiple fingers after trauma: A case report.

Background: Frostbite is becoming increasingly common in urban environments, and severe cases can lead to tissue loss. The treatment goal is to preserve tissue and function; the sooner appropriate treatment is administered, the more tissue can be saved. However, not every patient with deep frostbite seeks medical care promptly.

Dual stable isotopes to rethink the watershed-scale spatiotemporal interaction between surface water and groundwater.

The interaction between groundwater and surface water, including their recharge relationship and ratio, is crucial for water cycling, management, and pollution control. However, accurately estimating their spatiotemporal interaction at the watershed scale remains challenging. In this study, we used dual stable isotopes (δO, δH, d-excess, and lc-excess) and hydrochemistry methods to rethink spatiotemporal interaction at the Yiluo River watershed in central China.

Mycorrhizal feedbacks influence global forest structure and diversity.

One mechanism proposed to explain high species diversity in tropical systems is strong negative conspecific density dependence (CDD), which reduces recruitment of juveniles in proximity to conspecific adult plants. Although evidence shows that plant-specific soil pathogens can drive negative CDD, trees also form key mutualisms with mycorrhizal fungi, which may counteract these effects. Across 43 large-scale forest plots worldwide, we tested whether ectomycorrhizal tree species exhibit weaker negative CDD than arbuscular mycorrhizal tree species.