Mechanisms of traditional Chinese medicine regulating polycystic ovary syndrome through gut microbiota: a review.

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a prevalent endocrine disorder that adversely affects women's reproductive and metabolic health conditions. Recent studies have highlighted the significant contributory role of gut microbiota in the pathogenesis of PCOS, indicating a complex interplay between the microbiome and the syndrome's clinical manifestations. Given this connection, Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM), a well-established therapeutic approach, has demonstrated potential efficacy in modulating gut microbiota and alleviating symptoms associated with PCOS.

Integrating Dialectical Behaviour Therapy Into the Treatment of Adolescent Depression: A Retrospective Study.

Background: Globally, the prevalence of depression among adolescents is on the rise, posing serious societal problems. Dialectical behaviour therapy (DBT) and selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs), such as sertraline, are two commonly employed therapeutic approaches that have shown good clinical outcomes. This study aims to investigate the therapeutic effects of DBT with or without sertraline on adolescent depression.

Sleep disorder is associated with increased risk of major adverse cardiovascular events in patients with schizophrenia.

Objective: To evaluate the association of sleep disorder with the risk of major adverse cardiovascular events (MACEs) among patients with schizophrenia-a population known to have heightened cardiometabolic vulnerability, yet underexplored in terms of sleep-related cardiovascular risk.

Methods: The cross-sectional study included 1,072 participants diagnosed with schizophrenia between January and December 2022. The sleep disorder was defined based on self-reported sleep duration, insomnia, and daytime sleepiness, and collected via self-completed questionnaire.

Evaluating the Therapeutic Efficacy of rTMS Combined with Low-Dose Antipsychotic Medication in Somatic Symptom Disorder.

Objective: We aim to evaluate the therapeutic efficacy of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) combined with low-dose antipsychotic medication in somatic symptom disorder (SSD) and its effects on neurotransmitters and inflammatory factors.

Methods: This was a retrospective study. According to different treatment regimens, 90 patients with SSD were divided into a medication group (n = 45) and a combination group (n = 45).

A SEER prognostic nomogram analysis for extensive-stage small cell lung cancer: comparing the immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) and non-ICIs eras.

Background: Extensive-stage small cell lung cancer (ES-SCLC) has a poor prognosis, and the advent of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) has introduced new possibilities for treatment. This study aimed to develop a novel nomogram to predict survival in ES-SCLC patients and identify key prognostic factors by comparing the ICIs era with the non-ICIs era.

Methods: Data were extracted from the surveillance epidemiology and end results (SEER) database, including patients diagnosed with ES-SCLC between 2015 and 2020.

Randomized Controlled Trial of Walking Training with and without Blood Flow Restriction in Patients Treated with Maintenance Hemodialysis.

Key Points: We compared the effectiveness of walking training with and without blood flow restriction on walking capacity in hemodialysis patients. Blood flow restriction walking resulted in greater improvements in walking capacity than usual care in hemodialysis patients. The low-intensity, simple walking-based intervention may be an effective complementary intervention for patients treated with hemodialysis.

Evaluation of the Space GlucoseControl System for Managing Stress-Induced Hyperglycemia in ICU Patients: Efficacy and Safety Assessment.

Background: Despite the increasing adoption of the Space GlucoseControl system (SGCs), a novel blood glucose management technique, in critically ill patients, its efficacy and safety warrant further investigation.

Objective: This study aimed to assess the efficacy and safety of SGCs in managing patients with stress-induced hyperglycemia in the intensive care unit.

Methods: A prospective study was conducted involving 22 patients with stress-induced hyperglycemia monitored using the SGCs for 72 hours.

Effects of Low-Protein Diet Without Soybean Meal on Growth Performance, Nutrient Digestibility, Plasma Free Amino Acids, and Meat Quality of Finishing Pigs.

This study investigated the effects of a low-protein diet without soybean meal on the growth performance, nutrient digestibility, plasma-free amino acids, and meat quality of finishing pigs. A total of 81 barrows and 81 gilts ([Yorkshire × Landrace] × Duroc) of 150 days old with similar body weights (103.64 ± 3.

Assessing the impact of different types of masks on COPD patients: a randomised controlled trial.

Background: Wearing masks imposes an additional respiratory burden on COPD patients. This study aimed to investigate the impact of various mask types on physiological parameters and subjective feelings in COPD patients.

Methods: This randomised, open-label, parallel-controlled trial randomly assigned 129 COPD patients from two Chinese hospitals to the N95 mask group, the surgical mask group and the no mask group, who were required to complete a 6-min rest (6MR) and a 6-min walking test (6MWT) while wearing their designated masks, and were assessed for blood pressure, oxygen saturation, pulse rate, Borg score, rating of perceived exertion (RPE) score, 6-min walk distance (6MWD) and subjective feeling score.

A nomogram for predicting cancer-specific survival in patients with locally advanced unresectable esophageal cancer: development and validation study.

Background: Immunotherapy research for esophageal cancer is progressing rapidly, particularly for locally advanced unresectable cases. Despite these advances, the prognosis remains poor, and traditional staging systems like AJCC inadequately predict outcomes. This study aims to develop and validate a nomogram to predict cancer-specific survival (CSS) in these patients.

Achieving synchronous nitrogen and phosphorus removal by aerobic enrichment of electrotrophic/heterotrophic bacteria and denitrifying polyphosphate-accumulating organisms in repeatedly oxygen-rich microbial fuel cells.

Realizing the enrichment of functional bacteria in microbial fuel cells (MFCs) for wastewater treatment holds substantial research significance. This study explored a novel method of repeatedly oxygen-rich anode environment to enrich electrotrophic/heterotrophic bacteria (EHB) and denitrifying polyphosphate-accumulating organisms (DPAOs) in membrane-less single-chamber air-cathode (AC) MFCs to treat household wastewater. Repeated accumulation of higher dissolved oxygen (DO) was conducive to enhancing the growth of EHB and DPAOs.

Effect of light fasting diet therapy on lipid metabolism and sex hormone levels in patients with polycystic ovary syndrome combined with infertility.

Objective: To investigate the effects of light fasting diet therapy, including flaxseed powder supplementation, on lipid metabolism and sex hormone levels in patients with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) combined with infertility.

Methods: A total of 104 PCOS patients with combined infertility were divided into the control group ( = 52) and intervention group ( = 52) using a random number table method. Over a two-month study period, the control group received light fasting diet therapy with rice flour as a placebo, while the intervention group received light fasting diet therapy supplemented with flaxseed powder.

Effect of trilaciclib administered before chemotherapy in patients with extensive-stage small-cell lung cancer: A pooled analysis of four randomized studies.

Background: Trilaciclib is a transient cyclin-dependent kinase 4/6 (CDK4/6) inhibitor that reduces the incidence of chemotherapy-induced myelosuppression (CIM). In this pooled analysis, we evaluated the multilineage myeloprotection, antitumor efficacy, and safety of trilaciclib treatment in patients with extensive-stage small-cell lung cancer (ES-SCLC). Moreover, myeloprotection effect in 1 L, 2 L/3 L population and effect by risk category were explored.

Molecular characteristics, clinical significance and cancer‑immune interactions of pyroptosis‑related genes in colorectal cancer.

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a malignant tumor with poor prognosis. Pyroptosis is a newly discovered type of programmed cell death that is typically accompanied by a strong inflammatory response. Accumulating evidence suggests that pyroptosis-related genes (PRGs) may have important roles in the development of malignant tumors.

Sema4D deficiency enhances glucose tolerance through GLUT2 retention in hepatocytes.

Background: The glucose transporter 2 (GLUT2) is constitutively expressed in pancreatic beta cells and hepatocytes of mice. It is the most important receptor in glucose-stimulated insulin release and hepatic glucose transport. The Sema4D is a signalin receptor on cell membranes.

Comparison of the ability of resection versus nonresection surgery to prevent the recurrence of sigmoid volvulus: A protocol of a meta-analysis and systematic review.

Purpose: Based on clinical research guidelines and clinical practice, patients with sigmoid volvulus (SV) who receive conservative treatment have a greater recurrence rate than patients who do not receive conservative treatment, which is almost without any controversy. Surgical treatment is usually the final treatment for patients with SV. However, there are multiple surgical methods for the treatment of SV, which can be roughly divided into resection and nonresection methods.

Revealing the performance of aerotolerant anodes for electroactive nitrification/denitrification and current production under coexistence of oxygen and nitrate conditions.

The coexistence of oxygen and/or nitrate at anode usually affects the biofilm activities of traditional anaerobic anode, thereby deteriorating wastewater treatment performance of microbial fuel cells (MFCs). Improving the aerotolerant responses of anode biofilms is a challenge for field application. In this study, we report that using the electroactive nitrifying/denitrifying inoculum and air-cathode expansion could fabricate the aerotolerant anode biofilms (AAB) under affordable nitrate stress (90 ± 5 mg/L).

Positional differences in the micro- and ultra-structural variations of ray parenchyma cells during the transformation from sapwood to heartwood.

Ray parenchyma cells are involved in the initiation of heartwood formation. The position within a ray influences the timing of ray parenchyma cell differentiation and function; however, there is little information concerning the positional influence on the cellular changes of ray parenchyma cells from sapwood and heartwood. In this study, radial variations in morphology, size, and ultrastructure of ray parenchyma cells were studied by combined transmission electron microscopy and optical microscopy.

Artificial humic acid produced from wet distillers grains in a microwave-assisted hydrothermal process: Physicochemical characteristics and stimulation to plant growth.

Wet distillers grains, as a waste biomass with a large annual output, pose a threat to the environment and food industry. Herein, artificial humic acid (AHA) was first produced from wet distillers grains in a dual-stage microwave-assisted hydrothermal process. The influence of temperature on AHA's characteristics was investigated and compared with natural humic acid (NHA) and standard humic acid (SHA).

Examining High-Risk Factors for Sleep Disorders in Depressed Patients: Evaluating the Impact of Psychological Interventions on Sleep Quality and Mental Well-Being.

Objective: This study aims to analyze the risk factors associated with sleep disorders in patients suffering from depression and investigate the efficacy of psychological interventions in improving these conditions.

Methods: A comparative observational study was conducted and a cohort of 162 patients aged 18 to 68, admitted to outpatient or inpatient departments between October 2022 and August 2023, were included in the study. All patients were diagnosed with depression according to the ICD-10 criteria.

Characteristics and contraceptive practices among Chinese women seeking abortion: a multicentre, descriptive study from 2019 to 2021.

Introduction: Despite the widespread provision of free contraceptives and post-abortion care (PAC) services, China grapples with a high rate of unintended pregnancies and subsequent abortions. We aimed to study the evolving characteristics of women seeking abortion and their contraceptive practices before and after abortions, to shed light on the optimisation of Chinese PAC services.

Methods: This study utilised data from an abortion cohort between 2019 and 2021.