Impact of ITH on PRAD patients and feasibility analysis of the positive correlation gene MYLK2 applied to PRAD treatment.

Introduction: Prostate adenocarcinoma (PRAD) is an extremely widespread site of urological malignancy and is the second most common male cancer in the world. Currently, research progress in immunotherapy for prostate treatment is slower compared to other tumours, which is mainly considered to be caused by the low rate of immune response in prostate cancer as a cold tumour. Recent studies have shown that intra-tumour heterogeneity (ITH) is an important impediment to PRAD immunotherapy.

Genetic Diversity and Connectivity of Reef-Building in the Indo-Pacific Region.

Understanding population genetic connectivity is crucial for the sustainability and persistence of marine biodiversity. As a fundamental reef-building macroalga of the coastal ecosystem, Decaisne is one of the dominant intertidal seaweeds in the Indo-Pacific region. However, its genetic structure and population connectivity have been poorly recognized.

RNA cytidine acetyltransferase NAT10 maintains T cell pathogenicity in inflammatory bowel disease.

The emerging field of epitranscriptomics is reshaping our understanding of post-transcriptional gene regulation in inflammatory diseases. N-acetylcytidine (acC), the only known acetylation modification in RNA catalyzed by N-acetyltransferase 10 (NAT10), is known to enhance mRNA stability and translation, yet its role in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) remains unclear. In this study, we discovered that Nat10 expression correlates with inflammatory and apoptotic pathways in human ulcerative colitis CD4 T cells.

The risk assessment and burden of cancer attributable to dietary cadmium exposure in China, 2019.

Dietary Cadmium (Cd) intake is essential for Cd exposure. However, the burden of cancer attributable to dietary Cd intake remains to be determined in China. To estimate the level of dietary Cd exposure, we merged the Cd concentrations in food from literature and the foods consumption from national dietary surveys.

tRNA m1A modification regulates cholesterol biosynthesis to promote antitumor immunity of CD8+ T cells.

Activation of CD8+ T cells necessitates rapid metabolic reprogramming to fulfill the substantial biosynthetic demands of effector functions. However, the posttranscriptional mechanisms underpinning this process remain obscure. The transfer RNA (tRNA) N1-methyladenine (m1A) modification, essential for tRNA stability and protein translation, has an undefined physiological function in CD8+ T cells, particularly in antitumor responses.

Nuclear GTPSCS functions as a lactyl-CoA synthetase to promote histone lactylation and gliomagenesis.

Histone lysine lactylation is a physiologically and pathologically relevant epigenetic pathway that can be stimulated by the Warburg effect-associated L-lactate. Nevertheless, the mechanism by which cells use L-lactate to generate lactyl-coenzyme A (CoA) and how this process is regulated remains unknown. Here, we report the identification of guanosine triphosphate (GTP)-specific SCS (GTPSCS) as a lactyl-CoA synthetase in the nucleus.

[Analysis of Spatiotemporal Changes and Multi-scale Socio-economic Driving Factors of PM and Ozone in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei and Its Surroundings].

Based on PM and O remote sensing concentration data in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei and its surrounding areas from 2015 to 2020, we used trend analysis, geographic detectors, and a geographically and temporally weighted regression model to explore the spatiotemporal characteristics and key driving socio-economic factors of multi-scale PM and O concentrations. The results indicated that： ① The changing slope of PM concentration ranged from -12.93 to 0.

The burden of cancer attributable to dietary dioxins and dioxin-like compounds exposure in China, 2000-2020.

Dioxin is a typical class of persistent organic pollutants (POPs) that could cause cancer. In China, the contribution of dietary dioxins to the cancer burden remains underexplored. This study evaluates the cancer risk and burden due to dietary dioxins and dioxin-like compounds among Chinese residents from 2000 to 2020.

Omnidirectional path loss model for non-line-of-sight ultraviolet communications.

To analyze the channel characteristics in omnidirectional reception scenarios for non-line-of-sight ultraviolet (UV) communication, we derive expressions for the reception direction distribution based on the incident photons at the receiver and propose an omnidirectional reception path loss (PL) channel model based on the Monte Carlo (MC) method. Furthermore, we validate the proposed omnidirectional model by comparing it with the existing MC numerical model that traverses all reception directions. Results indicate that the average computation time of the proposed omnidirectional PL model is less than 0.

SIRT3 differentially regulates lysine benzoylation from SIRT2 in mammalian cells.

Lysine benzoylation (Kbz), a new type of protein post-translational modification (PTM) we discovered, has garnered significant attention. While we initially identified SIRT2 as a debenzoylase in mammalian cells, recent findings suggest its exclusivity may be questioned. However, other debenzoylases in mammalian cells remain underexplored.

Ozone stress-induced DNA methylation variations and their transgenerational inheritance in foxtail millet.

Elevated near-surface ozone (O) concentrations have surpassed the tolerance limits of plants, significantly impacting crop growth and yield. To mitigate ozone pollution, plants must evolve a rapid and effective defense mechanism to alleviate ozone-induced damage. DNA methylation, as one of the most crucial epigenetic modifications, plays a pivotal role in maintaining gene stability, regulating gene expression, and enhancing plant resilience to environmental stressors.

Sirtuin 1/sirtuin 3 are robust lysine delactylases and sirtuin 1-mediated delactylation regulates glycolysis.

Lysine lactylation (Kla), an epigenetic mark triggered by lactate during glycolysis, including the Warburg effect, bridges metabolism and gene regulation. Enzymes such as p300 and HDAC1/3 have been pivotal in deciphering the regulatory dynamics of Kla, though questions about additional regulatory enzymes, their specific Kla substrates, and the underlying functional mechanisms persist. Here, we identify SIRT1 and SIRT3 as key "erasers" of Kla, shedding light on their selective regulation of both histone and non-histone proteins.

Genome-wide identification and analysis of the gene family in broomcorn millet ( L.).

The gene family holds a pivotal role as it encodes a crucial transcription factor in plants. During the process of polyploidization in broomcorn millet ( L.), there is an intriguing above-average amplification observed within the gene family.

Advancing In-Depth N-Terminomics Detection with a Cleavable 2-Pyridinecarboxyaldehyde Probe.

Proteolysis, an irreversible post-translational modification catalyzed by proteases, plays a crucial role in various biological processes. Exploring abnormally hydrolyzed proteins in pathological tissues is a valuable approach for elucidating the mechanisms underlying disease development. Herein, we have developed a cleavable 2-pyridinecarboxyaldehyde probe (2PCA-Probe) that enables efficient and in-depth N-terminomics detection, addressing limitations of previous methods.

Efficient and accurate registration with BWPH descriptor for low-quality point clouds.

Point cloud registration based on local descriptors plays a crucial role in 3D computer vision applications. However, existing methods often suffer from limitations such as low accuracy, a large memory footprint, and slow speed, particularly when dealing with 3D point clouds from low-cost sensors. To overcome these challenges, we propose an efficient local descriptor called Binary Weighted Projection-point Height (BWPH) for point cloud registration.

Structural design of an improved SPIDER optical system based on a multimode interference coupler.

The Segmented Planar Imaging Detector for Electro-Optical Reconnaissance (SPIDER) is a small volume, lightweight, low energy consumption, and high-resolution system expected to replace traditional large aperture telescopes for long-distance detection. In this paper, an improved SPIDER system is proposed, which uses a multimode interference (MMI) coupler instead of an orthogonal detector, and successfully doubles the space spectrum coverage. We present a three-point configuring method to configure lenslets, calculate spatial spectrum values from the output currents obtained by MMI.

Deciphering the Influence of Anionic Electrons of Surface-Functionalized Two-Dimensional Electrides in Lithium-Sulfur Batteries.

Using transition metal compounds as sulfur hosts is regarded as a promising approach to suppress the polysulfide shuttle and accelerate redox kinetics for lithium-sulfur (Li-S) batteries. Herein, we report that a new kind of compound, electrides (exotic ionic crystalline materials in which electrons serve as anions), is efficient sulfur hosts for Li-S batteries for the first time. Based on the first-principles calculations, we found that two-dimensional (2D) electrides MC (M = Sc, Y) exhibit unprecedentedly strong binding strength toward sulfur species and surface functionalization is necessary to passivate their activity.

MInet: A Novel Network Model for Point Cloud Processing by Integrating Multi-Modal Information.

Three-dimensional LiDAR systems that capture point cloud data enable the simultaneous acquisition of spatial geometry and multi-wavelength intensity information, thereby paving the way for three-dimensional point cloud recognition and processing. However, due to the irregular distribution, low resolution of point clouds, and limited spatial recognition accuracy in complex environments, inherent errors occur in classifying and segmenting the acquired target information. Conversely, two-dimensional visible light images provide real-color information, enabling the distinction of object contours and fine details, thus yielding clear, high-resolution images when desired.

Insights into Photoinduced Carrier Dynamics and Overall Water Splitting of Z-Scheme van der Waals Heterostructures with Intrinsic Electric Polarization.

Using first-principles calculations in combination with nonadiabatic molecular dynamics (NAMD), we propose novel heterostructures of carbon nitride (CN) and the Janus GaSnPS monolayer as promising direct Z-scheme photocatalysts for solar-driven overall water splitting. The out-of-plane electric field due to the electric polarization which is dependent on the stacking pattern alters the band alignment and catalytic activity of the heterostructures. The relatively strong interfacial nonadiabatic coupling and long quantum coherence time accelerate the interlayer carrier recombination, enabling a direct Z-scheme photocatalytic mechanism.

HBO1 catalyzes lysine benzoylation in mammalian cells.

Lysine benzoylation (Kbz) is a newly discovered protein post-translational modification (PTM). This PTM can be stimulated by benzoate and contributes to gene expression. However, its regulatory enzymes and substrate proteins remain largely unknown, hindering further functional studies.

Specific interaction of insulin receptor and GLP-1 receptor mediates crosstalk between their signaling.

Both GLP-1 receptor (GLP-1R) and insulin receptor (IR) transmit signals for insulin release and/or cellular metabolism although using distinct sets of transducing molecules and separate pathways. We proposed a possible association of IR and GLP-1R, since they are coexpressed in diverse tissues including the pancreatic β-cells and crosstalk between their signaling was frequently reported. We showed a specific interaction between GLP-1R and IR which was independent of intracellular receptor domains and not responsive to ligand binding.

The proportion of HIV disclosure to sexual partners among people diagnosed with HIV in China: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Sexual behavior is one of the main routes of HIV/AIDS spread. HIV disclosure to sexual partners has been confirmed to be an important strategy for HIV/AIDS prevention and control. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to pool proportions and characteristics of HIV disclosure to sexual partners among people diagnosed with HIV in China.

Rational Design of Black Phosphorus-Based Direct Z-Scheme Photocatalysts for Overall Water Splitting: The Role of Defects.

Black phosphorus (BP) has received increasing interest as a promising photocatalyst for water splitting. Nevertheless, exploring the underlying hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) mechanism and improving the water oxidizing ability remains an urgent task. Here, using first-principles calculations, we uncover the role of point defects in improving the HER activity of BP photocatalysts.