Clinical manifestations of anxiety and depression in sepsis-associated encephalopathy and multi-omics identification of cluster of differentiation 38 as an early biomarker.

Background: Sepsis-associated encephalopathy (SAE) is a common complication of sepsis, characterized by cognitive impairment, altered consciousness, and psychiatric symptoms, including anxiety and depression. These psychiatric symptoms often exacerbate the overall prognosis and quality of life of affected patients. However, the underlying metabolic and proteomic features associated with SAE-induced psychiatric symptoms remain poorly understood.

Comparative efficacy of low-level diode laser therapy with different wavelengths in burning mouth syndrome: a randomized, single-blind trial.

Burning mouth syndrome (BMS) is a chronic condition with no effective treatment currently available. Low-level laser therapy (LLLT) shows promise for neuropathic pain management, but evidence comparing its efficacy across different wavelengths in BMS patients remains limited. This study aimed to assess the clinical efficacy of LLLT with three distinct wavelengths in BMS patients, and to determine the optimal therapeutic wavelength.

Causal role of immune cells in diabetic nephropathy: a bidirectional Mendelian randomization study.

Background: Diabetic nephropathy (DN) stands as a pervasive chronic renal disease worldwide, emerging as the leading cause of renal failure in end-stage renal disease. Our objective is to pinpoint potential immune biomarkers and evaluate the causal effects of prospective therapeutic targets in the context of DN.

Methods: We employed Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis to examine the causal associations between 731 immune cell signatures and the risk of DN.

Analysis of risk factors associated with pre-myopia among primary school students in the Mianyang Science City.

Objectives To find out the prevalence rate of pre-myopia among primary school students in the Mianyang Science City Area, analyze its related risk factors, and thus provide a reference for local authorities to formulate policies on the prevention and control of myopia for primary school students. Methods From September to October 2021, Cluster sampling was adopted by our research group to obtain the vision levels of primary school students employing a diopter test in the Science City Area. In addition, questionnaires were distributed to help us find the risk factors associated with pre-myopia.

Hyperbaric oxygen therapy promotes the browning of white fat and contributes to the healing of diabetic wounds.

Non-healing wounds are one of the chronic complications of diabetes and have remained a worldwide challenge as one of the major health problems. Hyperbaric oxygen (HBO) therapy is proven to be very successful for diabetic wound treatment, for which the molecular basis is not understood. Adipocytes regulate multiple aspects of repair and may be therapeutic for inflammatory diseases and defective wound healing associated with aging and diabetes.

Quercetin-loaded mesoporous nano-delivery system remodels osteoimmune microenvironment to regenerate alveolar bone in periodontitis via the miR-21a-5p/PDCD4/NF-κB pathway.

Background: Impaired osteo-/angiogenesis, excessive inflammation, and imbalance of the osteoimmune homeostasis are involved in the pathogenesis of the alveolar bone defect caused by periodontitis. Unfortunately, there is still a lack of ideal therapeutic strategies for periodontitis that can regenerate the alveolar bone while remodeling the osteoimmune microenvironment. Quercetin, as a monomeric flavonoid, has multiple pharmacological activities, such as pro-regenerative, anti-inflammatory, and immunomodulatory effects.

Deformed Complex Vertebral Osteotomy Technique for Management of Severe Congenital Spinal Angular Kyphotic Deformity.

Objectives: To (i) introduce the deformed complex vertebral osteotomy (DCVO) technique for the treatment of severe congenital angular spinal kyphosis; (ii) evaluate the sagittal correction efficacy of the DCVO technique; and (iii) discuss the advantages and limitations of the DCVO technique.

Methods: Multiple malformed vertebrae were considered a malformed complex, and large-range and angle wedge osteotomy was performed within the complex using the DCVO technique. Patients with local kyphosis greater than 80° who were treated with DCVO and did not have tumors, infections, or a history of surgery were included.

Ghrelin up-regulates cartilage-specific genes via the ERK/STAT3 pathway in chondrocytes of patients with adolescent idiopathic scoliosis.

Adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) is a severe spinal deformity that often occurs during puberty. The occurrence of AIS is suggested to be related to abnormal development of cartilage. Our previous study found increased serum ghrelin levels in AIS patients that may linked to the development of AIS.

Inhibition of miR-19a protects neurons against ischemic stroke through modulating glucose metabolism and neuronal apoptosis.

Background: Accumulating evidence has shown that altered microRNA (miR) modulation is implicated in the pathologies of ischemic stroke. However, it is unclear whether and how hsa-miR-19a-3p mediates cerebral ischemic injury. Herein, we investigated the functional role of miR-19a-3p in cerebral ischemic injury and explored its underlying regulatory mechanism.

Degradation of TRPML1 in Neurons Reduces Neuron Survival in Transient Global Cerebral Ischemia.

Postcardiac arrest syndrome yields poor neurological outcomes, but the mechanisms underlying this condition remain poorly understood. Autophagy plays an important role in neuronal apoptosis induced by ischemia. However, whether autophagy is involved in neuron apoptosis induced by cardiac arrest has been less studied.

Hyperbaric Oxygen Protects Against Cerebral Damage in Permanent Middle Cerebral Artery Occlusion Rats and Inhibits Autophagy Activity.

Background: To investigate the effects of hyperbaric oxygen (HBO) on brain damage and autophagy levels in a rat model of middle cerebral artery occlusion.

Methods: Neurologic injury and infarcted areas were evaluated according to the modified neurological severity score and 2,3,5-triphenyltetrazolium chloride staining. Western blots were used to determine beclin1, caspase-3 and fodrin1 protein expression.

Opposite Function of ERα and ERβ in Controlling 17β-Estradiol-mediated Osteogenesis in Osteoblasts.

Estrogen receptor plays critical roles in osteogenesis but the underlying mechanism remains unclear. In order to determine the effect of ERα and ERβ on several critical factors in regulating osteogenesis in human osteoblasts. Cell based assy, RT-PCR and immunoblot analyses were used in the research.

Endothelial nitric oxide synthase protects neurons against ischemic injury through regulation of brain-derived neurotrophic factor expression.

Aims: Several lines of evidence demonstrated that endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) confers protective effects during cerebral ischemia. In this study, we explored the underlying cellular and molecular mechanisms of neuroprotection by eNOS.

Methods: A series of in vivo and in vitro ischemic models were employed to study the role of eNOS in maintaining neuronal survival and to identify the downstream factors.

Sulforaphane ameliorates the development of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis by antagonizing oxidative stress and Th17-related inflammation in mice.

Sulforaphane (SFN) is an organosulfur compound present in vegetables and has potent anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory activities. This study was aimed at investigating the effect of treatment with SFN on inflammation and oxidative stress, and the potential mechanisms underlying the action of SFN in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) in C57BL/6 mice. Treatment with SFN significantly inhibited the development and severity of EAE in mice, accompanied by mitigating inflammatory infiltration and demyelination in the spinal cord of mice.