Neurotoxic Domino Effect: Dietary Silica Nanoparticles Spark Microglial Extracellular Traps and Neuronal Pyroptosis.

Silica nanoparticles (SiO-NPs) are increasingly detected in environmental and food systems, raising concerns about their potential health risks via dietary exposure. Neurotoxicity assessment of SiO-NPs is a critical aspect, yet the mechanisms underlying their neurotoxic effects remain poorly understood. This study examined depression-like behaviors in mice following 21-day oral administration of three distinct-sized SiO-NPs (1 μm, 300 nm, and 50 nm), with particular focus on microglia-neuron crosstalk.

Selenomethionine alleviates LPS-induced PANoptosis in chicken cecum through the ROS/MAPK pathway, thereby mitigating inflammation and microbial dysbiosis.

Selenomethionine (SeMet), a vital organic selenium compound, plays a pivotal role in maintaining redox homeostasis and is extensively utilized as a dietary supplement. The ROS/MAPK signaling axis has been implicated in mediating the detrimental effects of exogenous toxins on biological systems. However, the potential involvement of the ROS/MAPK signaling pathway in the protective mechanism of organic selenium against LPS-induced cecal injury in chickens remains to be elucidated.

Independent and synergistic effects of extreme heat and NO pollution on diabetic nephropathy in a type II diabetes mouse model.

Extreme heat and traffic-related air pollution (TRAP) have been linked to worsening chronic health disorders, however, their combined effects on diabetic nephropathy (DN) are little understood. Type II diabetic mice were exposed to heat (40 °C) and NO (5 ppm) separately for 4 h per day over 6 weeks to investigate the synergistic effects on the progression of DN. We found that exposure to high temperature and NO elevated blood glucose levels and exacerbated histopathological changes.

Effects of early-life air pollution exposure on childhood COVID-19 infection and sequelae in China.

Background: While ambient air pollution has been associated with COVID-19 outcomes, the role of early-life exposure in childhood COVID-19 infection and sequelae remains unexplored.

Objectives: To assess the associations between early-life exposure to ambient air pollutants during and childhood COVID-19 infection and sequelae.

Methods: This cross-sectional retrospective cohort study surveyed families with children aged 3-6 years in families across nine Chinese cities between December 2019 and May 2023.

Emamectin Benzoate and Microplastics Led to Skeletal Muscle Atrophy in Common Carp via Induced Oxidative Stress, Mitochondrial Dysfunction, and Protein Synthesis and Degradation Imbalance.

Pesticides and plastics have brought convenience to agricultural production and daily life, but they have also led to environmental pollution through residual chemicals. Emamectin benzoate (EMB) is among the most widely used insecticides, which can cause environmental pollution and harm the health of organisms. Additionally, microplastics (MPs), a relatively new type of pollutant, not only are increasing in residual amounts within water bodies and aquatic organisms but also exacerbate pollution by adsorbing other pollutants, leading to a mixed pollution scenario.

Synergistic effect of canine FGF-21 combined with insulin in the treatment of canine diabetes.

Previous studies have shown that FGF-21 can ameliorate hyperglycemia and improve the level of oxidative stress in vivo in diabetic mice. The hypoglycemic effect is safe and lasting, but it takes a longer time to exert its effect. Insulin treatment of canine diabetes takes effect quickly; however, its action time is short, and it is prone to cause hypoglycemia.

Childhood Helicobacter pylori infection: Impacts of environmental exposures and parental stress.

Background: Helicobacter pylori infection (HPI) is extremely common in the world, particularly in less developed areas, but the primary causes of childhood HPI are unspecified.

Objectives: To determine the influences of exposure to home environmental factors (HEFs), outdoor air pollutants (OAPs), and parental stress (PS), as well as their interactions on children's HPI.

Methods: We implemented a retrospective cohort study with 8689 preschoolers from nine districts at Changsha, China, was conducted using questionnaires to collect data of health and HEFs.

Evaluation of the immune responses of biological adjuvant bivalent vaccine with three different insertion modes for ND and IBD.

Infectious bursal disease (IBD) is a widespread problem in the poultry industry, and vaccination is the primary preventive method. However, moderately virulent vaccines may damage the bursa, necessitating the development of a safe and effective vaccine. The Newcastle disease virus (NDV) has been explored as a vector for vaccine development.

Study on the Occurrence Characteristics of the Remaining Oil in Sandstone Reservoirs with Different Permeability after Polymer Flooding.

After polymer flooding, the heterogeneity between different layers intensifies, forming intricate seepage channels and fluid diversions, which results in decreased circulation efficiency and lower recovery rates, leaving a significant amount of residual oil trapped within the reservoir. Understanding the characteristics of residual oil occurrence is crucial for enhancing oil recovery post-polymer flooding. This study focused on sandstone reservoirs with varying permeability in the Saertu block of the Daqing oilfield.

Oncolytic Newcastle disease virus carrying the IL24 gene exerts antitumor effects by inhibiting tumor growth and vascular sprouting.

The second-leading cause of death, cancer, poses a significant threat to human life. Innovations in cancer therapies are crucial due to limitations in traditional approaches. Newcastle disease virus (NDV), a nonpathogenic oncolytic virus, exhibits multifunctional anticancer properties by selectively infecting, replicating, and eliminating tumor cells.

Fibroblast growth factor 21 mitigates lupus nephritis progression via the FGF21/Irgm 1/NLRP3 inflammasome pathway.

As an endocrine cytokine, fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF21) exhibits anti-inflammatory properties. With the development of lupus nephritis (LN), which is tightly related to pathogenic factors, including inflammation and immune cell dysregulation, we explored the impact of Fibroblast Growth Factor 21 (FGF21) as well as its underlying mechanism. We induced an in vivo LN model using pristane in both wild-type C57BL/6 and FGF21 knockout (FGF21) mice.

BPA and low-Se exacerbate apoptosis and mitophagy in chicken pancreatic cells by regulating the PTEN/PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway.

Introduction: Bisphenol A (BPA) is a widespread environmental pollutant which has serious toxic effects on organisms. One of the crucial trace elements is selenium (Se), whose shortage can harm biological tissues and enhance the toxicity of contaminants, in which apoptosis and autophagy are core events.

Objectives: An in vivo model was established to investigate the effects of BPA and low-Se on chicken pancreatic tissue, and identify the possible potential molecular mechanism.

Selenomethionine modulates the JAK2 / STAT3 / A20 pathway through oxidative stress to alleviate LPS-induced pyroptosis and inflammation in chicken hearts.

Selenium (Se) is involved in many physiopathologic processes in humans and animals and is strongly associated with the development of heart disease. Lipopolysaccharides (LPS) are cell wall components of gram-negative bacteria that are present in large quantities during environmental pollution. To investigate the mechanism of LPS-induced cardiac injury and the efficacy of the therapeutic effect of SeMet on LPS, a chicken model supplemented with selenomethionine (SeMet) and/or LPS treatment, as well as a primary chicken embryo cardiomyocyte model with the combined effect of SeMet / JAK2 inhibitor (INCB018424) and/or LPS were established in this experiment.

Neutrophil depletion attenuates antibody-mediated rejection in a renal transplantation mouse model.

Antibody-mediated rejection (AMR) can cause graft failure following renal transplantation. Neutrophils play a key role in AMR progression, but the exact mechanism remains unclear. We investigated the effect of neutrophils on AMR in a mouse kidney transplantation model.

SeMet alleviates LPS-induced eggshell gland necroptosis mediated inflammation by regulating the Keap1/Nrf2/HO-1 pathway.

Exposure to lipopolysaccharide (LPS) can lead to inflammation in a variety of tissues and organs. Selenium (Se) plays a crucial role in mitigating inflammatory damage. Compared with inorganic selenium, organic selenium, such as selenomethionine (SeMet), has the advantages of a higher absorption rate and lower toxicity in animals.

Sodium selenite (NaSeO) attenuates T-2 toxin-induced iron death in LMH cells through the ROS/PI3K/AKT/Nrf2 pathway.

T-2 toxin, is a monotrichous mycotoxin commonly found in animal feed and agricultural products that can damage tissues and organs through oxidative stress. Selenium is a trace element with favorable antioxidant effects. However, it is unclear whether T-2 toxin-induces ferroptosis in LMH cells and whether NaSeO has a protective role in this process.

BPA and low-Se exacerbate apoptosis and autophagy in the chicken bursa of Fabricius by regulating the ROS/AKT/FOXO1 pathway.

Bisphenol A (BPA) is a ubiquitous environmental pollutant that can have harmful effects on human and animal immune systems by inducing oxidative stress. Selenium (Se) deficiency damages immune organ tissues and exhibits synergistic effects on the toxicity of environmental pollutants. However, oxidative stress, cell apoptosis, and autophagy caused by the combination of BPA and low-Se, have not been studied in the bursa of Fabricius of the immune organ of poultry.

Eucalyptol alleviates avermectin exposure-induced apoptosis and necroptosis of grass carp hepatocytes by regulating ROS/NLRP3 axis.

The wide application of Avermectin (AVM) has caused pollution of surface water and damage to non-target organisms. A growing body of evidence supports the most prominent role of Eucalyptol (EUC) is antioxidation. To the purpose of explore the injury mechanism of Avermectin on grass carp hepatocytes and the antagonistic effect of Eucalyptol, 5.

Genome-wide analysis of blueberry B-box family genes and identification of members activated by abiotic stress.

Background: B-box (BBX) proteins play important roles in regulating plant growth, development, and abiotic stress responses. BBX family genes have been identified and functionally characterized in many plant species, but little is known about the BBX family in blueberry (Vaccinium corymbosum).

Result: In this study, we identified 23 VcBBX genes from the Genome Database for Vaccinium (GDV).

Evodiamine alleviates DEHP-induced hepatocyte pyroptosis, necroptosis and immunosuppression in grass carp through ROS-regulated TLR4 / MyD88 / NF-κB pathway.

Di (2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) is a neuroendocrine disruptor that can cause multi-tissue organ damage by inducing oxidative stress. Evodiamine (EVO) is an indole alkaloid with anti-inflammatory, antitumor, and antioxidant pharmacological activity. In this manuscript, the effects of DEHP and EVO on the pyroptosis, necroptosis and immunology of grass carp hepatocytes (L8824) were investigated using DCFH-DA staining, PI staining, IF staining, AO/EB staining, LDH kit, qRT-PCR and protein Western blot.

Co-exposure of avermectin and imidacloprid induces DNA damage, pyroptosis, and immune dysfunction in epithelioma papulosum cyprini cells via ROS-mediated Keap1/Nrf2/TXNIP axis.

Pesticide mixtures can reduce pest resistance, however, their overuse severely threatens aquatic animal survival and public health. Avermectin (AVM) and imidacloprid (IMI) are potent insecticides often employed in agriculture. By inducing oxidative stress, these chemicals can induce cell death.