Dynamic Profiling of Lipoteichoic Acid (LTA) and/or Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) Positive Extracellular Vesicles in Plasma as Diagnostic and Prognostic Biomarkers for Bacterial Infection.

Bacterial extracellular vesicles (EVs) are emerging as promising biomarkers for diagnosing bacterial infections. This study explores the diagnostic potential of plasma EVs carrying bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS) or lipoteichoic acid (LTA). Using immunoelectron microscopy (IEM) and nanoflow cytometry (nano-FCM), LTA is confirmed on cytoplasmic membrane vesicles (CMVs) from Gram-positive bacteria and LPS on outer membrane vesicles (OMVs) from Gram-negative bacteria, and quantified LTA-positive or LPS-positive (LTA/LPS) EVs in plasma.

SOBIR1 Links Potato Responses to Potato Tuber Moth Attack and High Temperature Stress.

Herbivory and high temperature stress affect plant performance and frequently co-occur under natural conditions. The molecular mechanisms by which plants coordinate responses to these two stresses deserve more attention. Here, we explored how StSOBIR1, a leucine-rich repeat receptor-like kinase gene, modulates plant responses to herbivory and high temperature stress using genetic, molecular, biological, and chemical analysis approaches.

Metarhizium anisopliae as a potential biocontrol agent to suppress the tomato leafminer Phthorimaea absoluta in China.

Background: Phthorimaea absoluta, an invasive pest, has recently become a devastating threat to China's tomato cultivation industry. Chemical insecticides have historically constituted the primary control strategy against this pest, but their intensive application has led to widespread development of resistance in P. absoluta populations.

Forest canopy closure estimation in mountainous southwest China using multi-source remote sensing data.

Forest canopy closure (FCC) is an important biological parameter to evaluate forest resources and biodiversity, and the use of multi-source remote sensing synergy to achieve high-accuracy estimate regional FCC at low cost is a current research hotspot. In this study, Shangri-La City, a mountainous area in southwest China, was considered as the research area. The satellite-borne LiDAR ICESat-2/ATLAS data were used as the main information source.

Dynamic Profiling of Penicillin-Binding Protein 2a (PBP2a)-Positive Extracellular Vesicles: Implications for Early Diagnosis and Treatment Monitoring of Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus Infections.

Infections caused by methicillin-resistant staphylococci (MRS), such as methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), pose significant challenges to public health. The early detection of MRS infections and monitoring of antibiotic resistance profiles are critical for patient management and infection control strategies. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) have emerged as promising biomarkers in infectious disease.

Self-Assembled Monolayer-Mediated Crystallization Improvement and Energy Level Optimization in Inverted Perovskite Solar Cells.

The improved crystallization and precise energy level alignment achieved through self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) implementation constitute a critical technological advancement, facilitating inverted perovskite solar cells (PSCs) with simultaneously enhanced power conversion efficiency (PCE) and operational stability. Here, a benzocarbazole-derived SAM, BCPPA, is designed and synthesized as a hole-transporting layer (HTL) by fusing an additional benzene ring in one side of the carbazole core. In comparison to the commonly used carbazole-derived SAM of MeO-2PACz, BCPPA exhibits a larger molecular dipole moment, a deeper HOMO energy level, and a more hydrophobic character.

Enhanced Electric Field via Multicomponent Synergistic Coordination on Single-Atom Catalysts for Antibiotic Mineralization in Water.

The persistence of antibiotics in aquatic ecosystems poses significant long-term ecological and public health risks. Nevertheless, current remediation approaches face critical limitations, including high energy consumption and interference from dissolved organic carbon (DOC). To address these challenges, we developed an innovative N,O-doped graphene-like coordinated single-atom iron catalyst (Fe-N,O-GO) using silkworm excrement as a sustainable precursor.

Efficient mineralization of PFAS by electric energy from multicomponent coordination on cation-π systems in waters.

Removing per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) in water resources at trace concentrations (ng/L) is scientifically challenging. Herein, a cation-π system was constructed comprising a Fe(II)/Fe(III) coordinated graphene-like structure encapsulating Fe° catalyst (Fe(II)/Fe(III)-GL@Fe), realizing rapid PFAS mineralization in municipal wastewater and raw drinking water under ambient atmospheric conditions without external energy input. The strong electric field was generated from DOC-PFAS-HO-O synergistic coordination at Fe species area and GL area on Fe(II)/Fe(III)-GL@Fe via surface charge rearrangement by Fe-π interaction, triggering surface electrochemical-like redox reactions: sequential adsorbed C-F bond oxidation, adjacent bond homolysis, and O reduction until complete PFAS mineralization.

Estimation of chlorophyll content in based on GEDI data optimized by EBKRP method.

Chlorophyll content is a crucial parameter for evaluating forest health and vegetation growth. It is an urgent to accurately estimate chlorophyll content at the regional scale with low cost by using remote sensing techno-logy. In this study, we took Xinping County, Yuxi City, Yunnan Province, as the research area, and used GEDI data as the main information source.

Praseodymium-regulated microregion electron structures of BiWO nanosheets to construct non-radical platforms for the photocatalytic decontamination of water by hydrogen peroxide activation.

HO-based photo-Fenton-like systems are promising technologies for the generation of singlet oxygen (O) aimed at water decontamination. However, in conventional systems, the yield of O is relatively low owing to competition among free radicals. The oriented construction of a non-radical system could address this issue but challenging.

"Gas-Thermal-Humidity" Microenvironment for Accelerating the Aging Process of Chinese Baijiu: A Novel Framework.

Understanding the aging mechanism of Chinese baijiu is essential for improving both the efficiency and quality. However, existing studies have largely overlooked the comprehensive consideration of external thermal and humidity environments, leaving the mechanisms underlying aging microenvironment formation underexplored. To address this, the present study reviews the research about the aging environment, systematically constructs a knowledge framework, and identifies key challenges in the existing literature.

Comparative metabolomics elucidates the early defense response mechanisms to Plutella xylostella infestation in Brassica napus.

Plutella xylostella (diamondback moth; DBM) is a significant pest of Brassica crops, causing billions of dollars in annual global damage and developing resistance to many insecticides. Climate change is increasing the frequency and severity of infestations by influencing the moth's reproduction and expanding its range, leading to increased crop losses. In this study, we examined the early metabolomic responses of four Brassica napus accessions to DBM infestation, focusing on identifying the metabolic basis of tolerance.

Role of AMP-activated protein kinase in regulating hatching of Nilaparvata lugens.

Background: RNA interference (RNAi) has been proposed as a promising strategy for sustainable and eco-friendly pest management. Nutrient and energy signals are vital for embryonic development and hatching in insects. A key player in cellular energy sensing is adenosine monophosphate (AMP)-activated protein kinase (AMPK), which functions in embryonic development and hatching, and remains poorly understood.

Manipulating stomatal aperture by silencing StSLAC1 affects potato plant-herbivore-parasitoid tritrophic interactions under drought stress.

The effects of drought stress on stomatal opening dynamics, plant volatile organic compound (VOC) emissions and plant-insect interactions have been well-documented individually, but how they interact mechanistically remains poorly studied. Here, we studied how drought-triggered stomatal closure affects VOC emission and plant-trophic interactions by combining RNAi silencing, molecular biological and chemical analyses (GC-MS) of a potato-tuber moth-egg parasitoid tritrophic system. Drought stress attenuated stomatal apertures and VOC emissions, which made the potato (Solanum tuberosum L.

Forest aboveground biomass estimation based on spaceborne LiDAR combining machine learning model and geostatistical method.

Estimation of forest biomass at regional scale based on GEDI spaceborne LiDAR data is of great significance for forest quality assessment and carbon cycle. To solve the problem of discontinuous data of GEDI footprints, this study mapped different echo indexes in the footprints to the surface by inverse distance weighted interpolation method, and verified the influence of different number of footprints on the interpolation results. Random forest algorithm was chosen to estimate the spruce-fir biomass combined with the parameters provided by GEDI and 138 spruce-fir sample plots in Shangri-La.

Unlocking vegetation health: optimizing GEDI data for accurate chlorophyll content estimation.

Chlorophyll content is a vital indicator for evaluating vegetation health and estimating productivity. This study addresses the issue of Global Ecosystem Dynamics Investigation (GEDI) data discreteness and explores its potential in estimating chlorophyll content. This study used the empirical Bayesian Kriging regression prediction (EBKRP) method to obtain the continuous distribution of GEDI spot parameters in an unknown space.

Type I Porous Liquids with Super-Low Viscosities: the Construction through a Rather Simple One-Step Covalent Linkage Strategy and Its Facile Regulation by a Mixed-Ligand Strategy.

Porous liquids (PLs) are a novel class of flowing liquid systems that possess accessible permanent porosity, exhibiting great prospects in gas capture and separation. Nevertheless, the further development of PLs lies in the facile synthesis and regulation of PLs with low viscosities. Herein, a novel strategy of preparing type I PLs with super-low viscosity is proposed through a simple one-step covalent linkage reaction using UiO-66-NH as the pore generator and monoglycidyl ether terminated polydimethylsiloxane (E-PDMS) as the sterically hindered solvent, respectively.

Risk assessment and source analysis of trace elements in soils around county landfills in Tibet.

The ecology of the Qinghai‒Tibet Plateau is fragile, and the ecosystems in the region are difficult to remediate once damaged. Currently, landfilling is the mainstay of domestic waste disposal in China, and numerous, widely distributed county landfills exist. trace elements (TEs) in waste are gradually released with waste degradation and cannot be degraded in nature, affecting environmental quality and human health.

RNAi-mediated knockdown of papilin gene affects the egg hatching in Nilaparvata lugens.

Background: The brown planthopper (BPH), Nilaparvata lugens, is one of the most destructive pests of rice. Owing to the rapid adaptation of BPH to many pesticides and resistant varieties, identifying putative gene targets for developing RNA interference (RNAi)-based pest management strategies has received much attention for this pest. The glucoprotein papilin is the most abundant component in the basement membranes of many organisms, and its function is closely linked to development.

Acceleration of Zeolite Crystallization: Current Status, Mechanisms, and Perspectives.

Zeolites are important classes of crystalline materials and possess well-defined channels and cages with molecular dimensions. They have been extensively employed as heterogeneous catalysts and gas adsorbents due to their relatively large specific surface areas, high pore volumes, compositional flexibility, definite acidity, and hydrothermal stability. The zeolite synthesis normally undergoes high-temperature hydrothermal treatments with a relatively long crystallization time, which exhibits low synthesis efficiency and high energy consumption.

Gut microbiota facilitate adaptation of invasive moths to new host plants.

Gut microbiota are important in the adaptation of phytophagous insects to their plant hosts. However, the interaction between gut microbiomes and pioneering populations of invasive insects during their adaptation to new hosts, particularly in the initial phases of invasion, has been less studied. We studied the contribution of the gut microbiome to host adaptation in the globally recognized invasive pest, Hyphantria cunea, as it expands its range into southern China.

Knocking down a DNA demethylase gene affects potato plant defense against a specialist insect herbivore.

DNA demethylase (DML) is involved in plant development and responses to biotic and abiotic stresses; however, its role in plant-herbivore interaction remains elusive. Here, we found that herbivory by the potato tuber moth, Phthorimaea operculella, rapidly induced the genome-wide DNA methylation and accumulation of DML gene transcripts in potato plants. Herbivory induction of DML transcripts was suppressed in jasmonate-deficient plants, whereas exogenous application of methyl jasmonate (MeJA) improved DML transcripts, indicating that the induction of DML transcripts by herbivory is associated with jasmonate signaling.