Chemical Ordering in Liquid and Supercooled GeSbTe Phase-Change Materials.

The origin of chemical ordering in liquid and supercooled liquid GeSbTe (GST) was investigated using ab initio molecular dynamics (AIMD) simulations. Bond dynamics were analyzed via continuous (τcon) and intermittent (τint) lifetimes. The intermittent lifetime (τint) reveals that chemically ordered Ge-Te and Sb-Te bonds are the most stable, although τcon exhibits a stability anomaly.

Refining Patient Selection for Prophylactic Cranial Irradiation in Limited-Stage SCLC: A Multicenter Cohort Study.

Background: We aimed to evaluate the efficacy of prophylactic cranial irradiation (PCI) in the contemporary management of limited-stage small cell lung cancer (LS-SCLC) and to identify optimal strategies for patient selection.

Patients And Methods: This multi-institutional cohort study included patients with LS-SCLC who underwent definitive chemoradiation between 2006 and 2022, all staged using brain MRI and PET. We compared the incidence of brain metastases (BM) and overall survival (OS) between patients who received PCI and those who did not.

Interface Formed via Spontaneous Phase Transition from α- to κ-GaO.

In this work, we investigated the heterointerface formed between metastable α-GaO (corundum) and κ-GaO (orthorhombic). When κ-GaO was grow on c-plane sapphire at temperatures above 570 °C via mist chemical vapor deposition, α-GaO initially formed, followed by a spontaneous phase transition from α- to κ-GaO, resulting in an atomically abrupt interface. Despite this abrupt interface, the process was uncontrolled, leading to an uneven interface on a micrometer scale.

Blood Orange ( L. Osbeck) Juice By-Product Extract as a Functional Feed Additive: Effects on Growth Performance, Digestive Enzyme Activity, Antioxidant Status, Immune Parameters, and Disease Resistance Against in Juvenile Black Rockfish ().

This study evaluated the antibacterial activity and residual functional compounds of blood orange ( L. Osbeck) juice by-product extract (BJBE). The effects of dietary BJBE on growth performance, digestive enzyme activity, antioxidant status, immune parameters, and disease resistance against were examined in juvenile black rockfish ().

Microporous polyimine membranes for efficient separation of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures.

Interfacial polymerization has been an industrial standard for preparing desalination membranes. Extending the same concept to molecular separation of organic solvents would be a key enabler for the decarbonization of the chemical and petrochemical industries through energy-efficient crude or biocrude oil fractionation. Here, we report a molecular engineering approach based on acid-catalyzed interfacial polymerization for efficient hydrocarbon separation.

Dynamics in distress and quality of life in patients undergoing radiation therapy: a prospective cohort study.

Purpose: This study used a mobile-based assessment tool to evaluate the dynamics of distress and quality of life (QoL) in patients with esophageal, head and neck, and rectal cancers undergoing radiation therapy (RT).

Methods: A prospective cohort study was conducted between November 2022 and July 2023 and included 100 patients who had completed assessments at pre-RT, weeks 2, 4, and 6 of RT, and 1 month post-treatment. The National Comprehensive Cancer Network Distress Thermometer and European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer Quality of Life Questionnaire were used.

Predicting 30-day mortality with routine blood tests in patients undergoing palliative radiation therapy: A comparison of logistic regression and gradient boosting models.

Purpose: This study aimed to estimate the 30-day mortality (30D_M) and compare models for 30D_M prediction in patients undergoing palliative radiation therapy (RT).

Materials And Methods: Data from 3,756 patients who underwent palliative RT between 2018 and 2020 at two institutions were retrospectively reviewed. From one institution, 3,315 patients were randomly assigned to the training (N = 2,652) and internal validation (N = 663) cohorts.

Distribution and failure patterns of primary central nervous system lymphoma related to the hippocampus: implications for hippocampal avoidance irradiation.

Purpose: Hippocampal injury from WBRT contributes to neurocognitive decline in brain malignancy patients. HA-WBRT may mitigate this by reducing hippocampal radiation exposure, but its feasibility in PCNSL remains unassessed regarding hippocampal involvement and failure rates. This study evaluates hippocampal involvement at diagnosis and after treatment in PCNSL patients.

Long-term outcomes of a modified nonflared fully covered self-expandable metal stent for refractory anastomotic biliary strictures after liver transplantation (with video).

Objectives: Although fully covered self-expandable metal stents (FCSEMS) are used for the management of anastomotic biliary stricture (ABS) after liver transplantation (LT), there is concern about long-term adverse events such as recurrence of stricture. We evaluated the long-term efficacy of a modified nonflared FCSEMS (M-FCSEMS) compared to plastic stents (PS) for refractory ABS after LT.

Methods: Consecutive patients who underwent placement of an M-FCSEMS (M-FCSEMS group) or multiple PS (PS group) for refractory ABS after LT were enrolled.

Efficacy of Biliary Brush Cytology With Rapid On-Site Cytological Evaluation for the Detection of Malignant Biliary Strictures.

Background And Aims: Brush cytology is a widely used diagnostic method in conjunction with intraductal biopsies during endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography, but its diagnostic yield remains a limitation. This study evaluated the efficacy of biliary cytology using a newly developed brush device with rapid on-site cytological evaluation (ROSE) for detecting malignant biliary strictures (MBSs).

Methods: In total, 58 patients with suspected intrinsic MBS identified by intraductal ultrasound were enrolled.

Interplay between Skeletal Muscle Catabolism and Remodeling of Arteriovenous Fistula by Yes-Associated Protein 1 (YAP1) Signaling.

Key Points: Atrophied muscle–derived myostatin stimulated mesenchymal stem cell differentiation and adverse arteriovenous (AV) fistula remodeling through yes-associated protein 1 (YAP1) activation. Treatment with myostatin peptibody inhibited muscle wasting and blocked mesenchymal stem cell activation and AV fistula fibrosis. A light-sensitive drug-release strategy was engineered for the periadventitial delivery of verteporfin to improve AV fistula patency.

Re-intervention Utility After Endoscopic Ultrasound-Guided Hepaticogastrostomy Using a Partially Covered Stent with Anchoring Flange.

Background And Aim: Although long self-expandable metal stent (SEMS) with a sufficient intragastric portion is typically preferred for endoscopic ultrasound-guided hepaticogastrostomy (EUS-HGS), this design can complicate endoscopic re-intervention for recurrent biliary obstruction (RBO). We evaluated the efficacy and safety of endoscopic re-intervention for RBO through the stent after EUS-HGS using a novel partially covered SEMS with an anchoring flange.

Methods: The partially covered SEMS was designed with a intrahepatic uncovered portion measuring 1.

Effect of Blood Orange ( L. Osbeck) Peel Waste as a Feed Additive on the Growth Performance, Digestive Enzyme Activity, Antioxidant Capacity, and Immune Response in Juvenile Black Rockfish ().

This study evaluated bioactive compounds in blood orange ( (L.) Osbeck) peel (BOP) as dietary additives. An 8-week feeding trial was conducted to investigate the effects of dietary supplementation on the growth performance, body composition, digestive enzyme activity, antioxidant capacity, and immune response of juvenile black rockfish.

Relationships between the Microbiome and Response to Neoadjuvant Chemoradiotherapy in Locally Advanced Rectal Cancer.

Purpose: This study aimed to investigate the dynamic changes in the microbiome of patients with locally advanced rectal cancer (LARC) undergoing neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy (nCRT), focusing on the relationship between the microbiome and response to nCRT.

Materials And Methods: We conducted a longitudinal study involving 103 samples from 26 patients with LARC. Samples were collected from both the tumor and normal rectal tissues before and after nCRT.

Combinatorial Effects of Terpene, Chenodeoxycholic Acid, and Ursodeoxycholic Acid on Common Bile Duct Stone Recurrence and Gallbladder Stone Dissolution.

Ursodeoxycholic acid (UDCA), chenodeoxycholic acid (CDCA) plus UDCA (C&U), and terpene are widely administered to prevent common bile duct (CBD) stone recurrence and dissolve gallbladder (GB) stones. We evaluated and compared the combined effects of these agents on CBD stone recurrence and GB stone resolution. This study included patients who underwent endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) at six referral centers, retrospectively.

Synthesis of novel α-spinasterol derivatives and their inhibitory effects on CCL17 and CCL22 chemokine expression.

Natural α-spinasterol is well known for its various biological activities. In this study, we investigated the anti-inflammatory effects of newly synthesized α-spinasterol derivatives by tracking the expression of CCL17 and CCL22 chemokines, which serve as biomarkers for immune cell trafficking in skin inflammation. Initially, the 3-epimer of α-spinasterol, which results from inversion of stereochemistry at the C-3 position of α-spinasterol, was synthesized using the Mitsunobu reaction.

The Catheter Flushing Method Shows a Similar Diagnostic Yield to the Conventional Method in Brushing Cytology for Biliary Strictures.

: Endobiliary brushing is usually performed in the diagnosis of indeterminate biliary strictures; however, in this setting, brush cytology is limited by a low diagnostic yield and sensitivity. Here, we compared the catheter flushing method (CFM) with the conventional cytologic method (CCM) in terms of cellularity and diagnostic performance. : Endobiliary brushings were obtained during endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) from patients with biliary strictures enrolled at six tertiary hospitals.

Effects of pharmacist-led home visit services and factors influencing medication adherence improvement.

Background: The use of medicines is crucial in treatment, but nonadherence poses an important challenge, particularly when managing polypharmacy and long-term conditions. Pharmacist-led home visit services offer a promising solution to enhance the outcomes associated with medication use. However, the effects and the factors contributing to this improvement remain unclear.

Data-Driven Screening and Discovery of Metal-Organic Frameworks as C Adsorbents from over 900 Experimental Isotherms.

The separation of ethylene from ethane accounts for almost 100 million tons of CO emissions annually and 0.3% of global primary energy usage. Replacing current cryogenic distillation units with adsorption separation units, especially for the minor component of ethane, would enable significant efficiency gains.

Significant Influence of Cardiac Radiation Dose on the Risk of Cardiotoxicity in Patients Receiving Adjuvant Trastuzumab and Radiation Therapy for Breast Cancer.

Purpose: This study aimed to analyze the incidence of cancer therapy-related cardiovascular toxicity (CTRCVT) and identify the radiation dosimetric and clinical risk factors for these events in patients with human epidermal growth factor receptor 2-positive breast cancer.

Methods And Materials: Data from 1378 patients who were treated with curative surgery and adjuvant trastuzumab for breast cancer were retrospectively analyzed. A total of 959 patients underwent postoperative radiation therapy (RT), whereas 419 patients were managed without RT (no-RT).

Dual-phase microporous polymer nanofilms by interfacial polymerization for ultrafast molecular separation.

Fine-tuning microporosity in polymers with a scalable method has great potential for energy-efficient molecular separations. Here, we report a dual-phase molecular engineering approach to prepare microporous polymer nanofilms through interfacial polymerization. By integrating two micropore-generating units such as a water-soluble Tröger's base diamine (TBD) and a contorted spirobifluorene (SBF) motif, the resultant TBD-SBF polyamide shows an unprecedentedly high surface area.

Association between residing in municipalities facing population decline and satisfaction with neighboring healthcare infrastructure in older aged adults.

Background: Many municipalities in rural areas of Korea are facing population decline due to the aging population phenomenon. This study examined the relationship between residing in municipalities facing population decline and satisfaction with nearby healthcare infrastructure in older aged adults.

Methods: The 2021 Korea Community Health Survey (KCHS) data were used.

Novel inhibitor N-cyclopropyl-4-((4-((4-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)sulfonyl)piperazin-1-yl)methyl)benzamide attenuates RANKL-mediated osteoclast differentiation in vitro.

Both cyclopropyl amide and piperazine sulfonamide functional groups are known for their various biological properties used for drug development. Herein, we synthesized nine new derivatives with different substituent groups incorporating these moieties and screened them for their anti-osteoclast differentiation activity. After analyzing the structure-activity relationship (SAR), the inhibitory effect against osteoclastogenesis was determined to be dependent on the lipophilicity of the compound.

Discovery of TCP-(MP)-caffeic acid analogs as a new class of agents for treatment of osteoclastic bone loss.

Inhibition of LSD1 was proposed as promising and attractive therapies for treating osteoporosis. Here, we synthesized a series of novel TCP-(MP)-Caffeic acid analogs as potential LSD1 inhibitors to assess their inhibitory effects on osteoclastogenesis by using TRAP-staining assay and try to explore the preliminary SAR. Among them, TCP-MP-CA (11a) demonstrated osteoclastic bone loss both in vitro and in vivo, showing a significant improvement in the in vivo effects compared to the LSD1 inhibitor GSK-LSD1.