Engineering Volumetric Tissue Analogs via Assembly of Endothelial Cell-Covered Spheroidal Microtissues.

Tissue engineering holds a significant promise for the development of bioartificial organs applicable to transplantation. However, the size of engineered tissues remains limited, primarily due to the challenge of establishing microvascular networks within tissue constructs. In this study, engineered tissues are fabricated and embedded with functional microvascular networks by assembling endothelial cell-covered spheroidal microtissues.

Key considerations and recommendations for recruiting older adults in physical activity studies.

Background: Despite substantial evidence supporting the benefits of physical activity (PA) for older adults, participation rates remain low due to physical, psychological, social, and institutional barriers. Recruiting older adults for PA studies thus presents significant challenges, particularly for socially vulnerable populations and those facing digital literacy limitations in technology-assisted PA interventions. The present study aimed to articulate and establish a consensus among multidisciplinary and multinational PA experts regarding key considerations and requirements for designing and implementing recruitment of older adults for PA studies.

A one-step strategy for synthesizing -formanilide benzamide activation and oxalic acid-driven reduction.

A one-step synthetic strategy for directly converting benzamides into -formanilide derivatives has been developed using oxalic acid as a hydride source. This strategy involves the selective cleavage of the amide C-N bond through a reaction with sodium azide, generating a benzyl azide intermediate. This intermediate subsequently undergoes Curtius rearrangement to form an isocyanate species, which is then reduced by thermally decomposed oxalic acid, yielding the final -formylated product.

Chemical Perturbations Impacting Histone Acetylation Govern Colorectal Cancer Differentiation.

Background & Aims: Aberrant epigenetic programs that suppress differentiation and enhance plasticity drive colorectal cancer (CRC), yet the molecular determinants underlying these processes remain elusive. We aimed to identify and characterize epigenetic regulators of CRC differentiation, uncovering mechanisms that reprogram cancer cell states.

Methods: A small-molecule library targeting epigenetic regulators was screened using an endogenous dual-reporter system.

Highly reliable organic light-emitting diodes with optimized fill factor based on rotational membrane design for stretchable displays.

Stretchable displays represent a critical advancement in next-generation wearable devices, attracting attention for their potential to address numerous challenges. This study introduces a novel stretching approach for stretchable devices through a rotational membrane design. Patterned substrates offer significant advantages in process compatibility and device performance among various fabrication methods.

Highly stable two-level current fluctuation in complex oxide heterostructures.

Two-level systems based on point defects in dielectric oxides offer promising entropy source for random number generators. The random telegraph noise (RTN) generated by the two-level systems is ideal for creating random bit-strings for advanced computing and cryptographic technologies. However, in classical oxide systems, RTN signals often suffer from instability due to undesired defect migration and metastable electronic states.

Palladium-Catalyzed Aminocarbonylation Using Nitroarenes under NMP-Mediated Photochemical Conditions.

A photochemical approach enabling mild amide synthesis from aryl iodides, carbon monoxide, and nitroarenes at 25 °C under 1 atm of CO is disclosed. Under a PdCl/Xantphos-FeCl catalyst in -methylpyrrolidone, broad functional group tolerance is observed. Mechanistic studies reveal that nitroarenes form a base-activated -methylpyrrolidone-bound adduct, which generates an aniline-like intermediate that couples with the acyl-palladium complex to deliver the desired amides.

Electrochemical C-H Sulfonylation of ,-Dialkylanilines: Sequential Dehydrogenative Cross-Coupling and Sulfonylation.

An electrochemical method enables direct sulfonylation of ,-dialkylaniline derivatives through sequential dehydrogenative cross-coupling and C-H-activated sulfonylation. This method utilizes sulfonyl hydrazides, facilitating the one-pot synthesis of ,,','-tetramethyl-3-arylsulfonyl-[1,1'-biphenyl]-4,4'-diamine derivatives from ,-dimethylaniline. Furthermore, it efficiently introduces arylsulfonyl groups at the ortho position of various ,-dialkylanilines.

Machine Learning Approach to Characterize Ferromagnetic LaSrMnO Thin Films via Featurization of Surface Morphology.

Ferromagnetic perovskite oxides, particularly LaSrMnO (LSMO), show significant promise for spintronics and electromagnetic applications due to their unique half-metallicity and colossal magnetoresistance properties. These properties are known to arise from Mn-O-Mn double-exchange interactions, which are directly related to microscopic lattice structures. However, since the microscopic structure in LSMO is highly sensitive to various material parameters, such as thickness, lattice strain, oxygen deficiency, and cation stoichiometry, understanding the intricate relationship between the microscopic structures and the resulting physical properties of LSMO remains challenging.

Photocatalytic Synthesis of Diaryl Amides via Direct Coupling of Methyl Arenes and Nitroarenes.

A direct and effective method for synthesizing diaryl amides has been developed through the photocatalytic coupling of methyl and nitroarenes. This method employs FeCl as a redox-active photocatalyst under mild conditions to enable selective benzylic C-H activation and concurrent nitro group reduction, eliminating the necessity for pre-functionalization. This method exhibits a broad substrate scope, high functional group tolerance, and improved atom economy, offering a sustainable and practical alternative to amide bond formation.

Cobalt-Catalyzed C─H Oxidation of Alkanes and Postfunctionalization of Polyolefin Elastomers.

This study focuses on the postfunctionalization of polyolefin elastomers (POEs) through direct C─H activation using a novel cobalt-based catalytic system. The investigation, initiated with the oxidation of cyclohexane, identified the cumene hydroperoxide (CumHPO) as the optimal oxidant and ligands L3, L4, and L7 as effective in chlorinated benzene solvents. Cobalt catalyst (Cat.

Palladium-catalyzed reductive cross-coupling reaction of carboxylic acids with thiols: an alternative strategy to access thioesters.

A practical and alternative approach to access thioesters is presented, utilizing readily available starting precursors such as carboxylic acids and thiols direct reductive C-S cross-coupling reactions under palladium catalysis. The present protocol features good atom economy, excellent yields, wide functional group tolerance, broad substrate scope, operational simplicity, and mild reaction conditions with no additional steps.

Gyro-Mag: Attack-Resilient System Based on Sensor Estimation.

Several researchers recently demonstrated that attackers can interfere with an inertial measurement unit (IMU) sensor's normal function or take complete control of sensor measurements by physically injecting malicious signals into the sensor. Although there are existing methods for detecting such signal injection attacks, most do not provide resilience. Indeed, detection-only methods cannot respond when attacks have already occurred, which results in accidents such as crashes or falls.

Correction: Stimuli-responsive Zn(ii) complexes showing the structural conversion and on/off switching of catalytic properties.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1039/D4RA06058J.].

Differential neuropilin isoform expressions highlight plasticity in macrophages in the heterogenous TME through profiling.

Introduction: The nuanced roles of neuropilin (NRP) isoforms, NRP1 and NRP2, have attracted considerable scientific interest regarding cancer progression. Their differential expressions across various cancer types are specific to NRP isoforms which are shown in a cancer type-dependent manner. It accounts for the different mechanisms involved, driven by a co-expression of gene-sets associated with overexpressed or .

Real Steps or Not: Auto-Walker Detection in Move-to-Earn Applications.

In recent times, the emergence of Move-to-Earn (M2E) applications has revolutionized the intersection of digital innovation and physical wellness. Unlike their predecessors in the Play-to-Earn (P2E) domain, M2E apps incentivize physical activity, offering rewards for real-world movement such as walking or running. This shift aligns with a growing global focus on health consciousness that is propelled by the widespread adoption of smartphones and an increased awareness of the benefits of maintaining an active lifestyle.

Selective Synthesis of Acyl-Sulfonyl Hydrazide Isomers: The Role of the Countercation of Base Selection in Palladium-Catalyzed Aminocarbonylations.

Selective synthesis of isomeric -acyl--sulfonyl and ,-acyl-sulfonyl hydrazides is achieved via palladium-catalyzed aminocarbonylation of aryl iodides with sulfonyl hydrazides under CO. The base's countercation, rather than its basicity, controls product isomerism. Conventional bases yield linear isomers, whereas sodium-based bases favor branched ones.

Chemical perturbations impacting histone acetylation govern colorectal cancer differentiation.

Dysregulated epigenetic programs that restrict differentiation, reactivate fetal genes, and confer phenotypic plasticity are critical to colorectal cancer (CRC) development. By screening a small molecule library targeting epigenetic regulators using our dual reporter system, we found that inhibiting histone deacetylase (HDAC) 1/2 promotes CRC differentiation and anti-tumor activity. Comprehensive biochemical, chemical, and genetic experiments revealed that on-target blockade of the HDAC1/2 catalytic domain mediated the differentiated phenotype.

Self-healing electronic skin with high fracture strength and toughness.

Human skin is essential for perception, encompassing haptic, thermal, proprioceptive, and pain-sensing functions through ion movement. Additionally, it is mechanically resilient and self-healing for protection. Inspired by these unique properties, researchers have attempted to develop stretchable, self-healing sensors based on ion dynamics.

Palladium-Catalyzed One-Pot Synthesis of -Formylaniline Derivatives Using Oxalic Acid as a Dual Carbon Monoxide and Hydrogen Donor.

A palladium-catalyzed three-component reaction enabled the synthesis of -formylanilines from aryl iodides, NaN, and oxalic acid. This one-pot process involves aminocarbonylation, the Curtius rearrangement, and reduction using oxalic acid as both a carbon monoxide and hydrogen donor. The method has a broad substrate scope, tolerates various functional groups, and delivers -formylanilines in high yields, making it a green and useful synthetic approach.

Integrated Approach for Allyl Amine Synthesis Combining the Decarboxylative Coupling of Arylacrylic Acids with the Petasis Reaction.

A metal-free multicomponent reaction strategy for synthesizing allyl amines through decarboxylative coupling combined with the Petasis reaction is described. Utilizing ()-3-(2,4,6-trimethoxyphenyl)acrylic acid, various boronic acids, a formaldehyde solution, and primary amines, the method operates efficiently without metal catalysts. Investigations reveal that electron-donating substituents in cinnamic acid derivatives significantly enhance reactivity, which is crucial for effective transformations.

Synthesis of Aryl Alkyl Thioethers via a Copper-Catalyzed Three-Component Reaction with DABSO, Aryldiazonium Salts, and Alkyl Bromides.

We developed a method for synthesizing aryl alkyl thioether compounds via a three-component reaction involving aryldiazonium salts, 1,4-diazabicyclo[2.2.2]octane bis(sulfur dioxide), and alkyl bromides.

The Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor Regulates Invasiveness and Motility in Acute Myeloid Leukemia Cells through Expressional Regulation of Non-Muscle Myosin Heavy Chain IIA.

Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is the most prevalent type of hematopoietic malignancy. Despite recent therapeutic advancements, the high relapse rate associated with extramedullary involvement remains a challenging issue. Moreover, therapeutic targets that regulate the extramedullary infiltration of AML cells are still not fully elucidated.