Artificial Intelligence-Driven Automated Design of Anterior and Posterior Crowns Under Diverse Occlusal Scenarios.

Objective: To evaluate the impact of occlusion type and artificial intelligence-based computer-aided design (CAD) software on the geometric accuracy and clinical quality of auto-generated anterior and posterior crown designs.

Methods: Five typodont models representing various occlusion types (normal, Class I anterior diastema, Class II division 1, Class II division 2, and Class III anterior crossbite occlusion) underwent crown preparation for the maxillary right central incisor and first molar. Ten sets of intraoral scans were obtained from each prepared model, and crown designs were automatically generated using two software programs: deep learning-based (DL; Dentbird) and conventional automated (CA; Auto Workflow, 3Shape) (n = 10).

ZnO electrocatalyst integrated onto carbon paper for efficient non-aqueous Li-O batteries.

The development of high-performance lithium-oxygen (Li-O) batteries is hindered by challenges including high overpotential and limited cycle life. In this paper, we report the cost-effective and scalable synthesis of a ZnO electrocatalyst directly integrated onto carbon paper a simple dipping and thermal treatment method. The resulting ZnO-on-carbon composite (ZnO on P50) was employed as the cathode in a non-aqueous Li-O battery.

A phase 1 safety and feasibility trial of a ketogenic diet plus standard of care for patients with recently diagnosed glioblastoma.

Despite great interest, there is limited clinical evidence to support the use of a ketogenic diet (KD) for cancer patients. We conducted a single-arm phase 1 trial of a KD among patients with recently diagnosed glioblastoma (GBM) receiving standard-of-care (SOC) treatment. Adults with GBM within 3 months of diagnosis followed a supervised 16-week intervention of a 3:1 KD (Fat(g): Carbohydrate + Protein(g)) plus SOC chemoradiation.

Lifetime Smoking History and Marijuana co-use in Patients With Alcohol-related Acute Pancreatitis.

Objectives: Smoking increases the risk of the first episode of acute pancreatitis (AP), its recurrence, and progression to chronic pancreatitis. Co-use of cigarettes with marijuana may exacerbate health risks, complicating pancreatitis management. Our study aims to investigate the lifetime smoking history and co-use of cigarettes and marijuana in AP patients.

Relationship Between Cognitive and Daily Living Functions and Insight in Patients with Schizophrenia.

Objective: To investigate the relationships between insight, cognition, and daily living functions in patients with schizophrenia.

Method: Fifty-six clinically stable patients with schizophrenia were evaluated for clinical symptoms using the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) and Apathy Evaluation Scale (AES). Self-rated insight was assessed using the Insight Scale for Psychosis (ISP), while the interviewer-rated insight was determined by the PANSS item G12 score.

Growth Hormone Replacement in Craniopharyngioma: Analysis of the Hypopituitary Control and Complications Study (HypoCCS).

Context: Patients with adult-onset craniopharyngioma (CP) show metabolic dysfunction and panhypopituitarism. Growth hormone (GH) deficiency is often left unaddressed despite the benefits of GH replacement on body composition and lipoprotein metabolism in the general population.

Objective: The aim was to analyze data from Hypopituitary Control and Complications Study (HypoCCS), a global prospective surveillance study of adult GH replacement, and assess the impact of GH replacement on metabolic outcomes in adult-onset CP.

Toward Circular Polymer Materials and Manufacturing: Dynamic Bonding Strategies for Upcycling Thermoplastics and Thermosets.

The global production of plastics has reached unprecedented levels, with <10% being recycled and even fewer recycled more than once. This lack of circularity poses critical environmental threats. However, upcycling-recycling materials while improving their properties and functionality-through dynamic bonding strategies offers a promising approach to enhancing polymer sustainability.

Modeling reproductive and pregnancy-associated tissues using organ-on-chip platforms: challenges, limitations, and the high throughput data frontier.

Over the past decade, organ-on-chip technology (microphysiological systems or tissue chips) has reshaped physiological and pathological modeling and pharmaceutical drug assessment. FDA Modernization Act 2.0 allows for alternatives to animal testing or the use of appropriate non-animal models/new approach methods (NAMs), such as Organ-on-chips (OC) platforms or simulation models, to generate pre-clinical drug trial data for regulatory purposes primes the microfluidic field to have exponential growth in the coming years.

Assessing the Effect of Automated Thermo-Mechanical Therapy on Abdominal Blood Flow With Magnetic Resonance Imaging.

Thermal and mechanical tissue stimulation is widely utilized in various medical contexts, particularly to enhance local circulation, alleviate pain, and restore movement. Techniques to objectively quantify the physiological effects of these interventions support therapeutic efficacy and explain clinical benefits. Here we conducted a pilot trial to evaluate the feasibility of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) technology to provide an objective assessment of acute treatment effects in enhancing blood flow.

Clinician and Patient Perspectives on a Patient-Facing Online Breast Cancer Symptom Visualization Tool.

Purpose: Endocrine treatments for patients with hormone-sensitive breast cancer are associated with significant side effects that can negatively affect health-related quality of life and result in treatment discontinuation. The objective of this qualitative study was to obtain feedback from stakeholder clinicians and patients about an online interactive tool that was designed to provide information and visualizations of breast cancer symptoms.

Methods: The online Breast Cancer Symptom Explorer tool was developed to allow patients to visualize trajectories for common symptoms associated with tamoxifen and anastrozole using symptom data from the NSABP B35 breast cancer clinical trial.

Feasibility of frequent monitoring of symptoms using the PRO-CTCAE in the NRG-BR004 clinical trial.

Background: The PRO-CTCAE Measurement System was designed to enhance the quality of the standard toxicity evaluation in clinical trials. We developed a substudy within NRG-BR004, a phase III clinical trial in patients with newly documented HER2-positive metastatic breast cancer (MBC), to examine the added value and feasibility of frequent PRO-CTCAE data collection.

Methods: Patients were asked to complete 23 PRO-CTCAE items assessing 12 symptoms.

Diversify and Conquer: Open-Set Disagreement for Robust Semi-Supervised Learning With Outliers.

Conventional semi-supervised learning (SSL) ideally assumes that labeled and unlabeled data share an identical class distribution; however, in practice, this assumption is easily violated, as unlabeled data often includes unknown class data, i.e., outliers.

Cholesterol sulfate as a negative regulator of cellular cholesterol homeostasis.

Cholesterol sulfate (CS), one of the most abundant cholesterol derivatives, recently emerged as a key regulatory molecule in several physiological processes. Here, we demonstrate multiple mechanisms by which CS reduces intracellular cholesterol levels. CS promotes the proteasomal degradation of 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA reductase reductase by enhancing insulin-induced gene-mediated ubiquitination, thereby inhibiting cholesterol synthesis.

Gender Differences in X (Formerly Twitter) Use Among Oncology Physicians at National Cancer Institute-Designated Cancer Centers: Cross-Sectional Study.

This cross-sectional study evaluated gender parity in the oncology workforce on social media, demonstrating that women oncologists are enriched on X, with higher self-engagement, suggestive of a heightened motivation for professional X use.

Proxy-based Masking Module for Revealing Relevance of Characteristics in Motor Imagery.

Brain-computer interface (BCI) has been developed for communication between users and external devices by reflecting users' status and intentions. Motor imagery (MI) is one of the BCI paradigms for controlling external devices by imagining muscle movements. MI-based EEG signals generally tend to contain signals with sparse MI characteristics (sparse MI signals).

A Therapeutic Approach of Chitosan-loaded p-Coumaric Acid Nanoparticles to Alleviate Diabetic Nephropathy in Wister Rats.

Objective: This study evaluated the renoprotective effects of p-Coumaric acid nanoparticles (PCNPs) in nephropathic rats.

Methods: Six groups of male Albino Wistar rats were randomly assigned. Group 1 was the control, while Group 2 received 45 mg/kg of streptozotocin (STZ) to induce diabetic nephropathy.

Association between Atopic Dermatitis and Dementia: Evidence from Systematic Review, Meta-analysis, and Mendelian Randomization.

Recent cohort studies suggest a potential association between atopic dermatitis and dementia, though the evidence remains conflicting. This study aims to elucidate the association between atopic dermatitis and dementia employing systematic review, meta-analysis, and Mendelian randomization (MR). A comprehensive search was performed to select eligible cohort studies using Medline, Embase, Scopus, ScienceDirect, and the Web of Science database.

Clinical evaluation of the accuracy of two face scanners with different scanning technologies.

Objectives: This study compared the clinical accuracy of two different stationary face scanners, employing progressive capture and multi-view simultaneous capture scanning technologies.

Methods: Forty dentate volunteers participated in the study. Soft tissue landmarks were marked with a pen on the participants' faces to measure the distances between them.

Cardiac events and dynamic echocardiographic and electrocardiogram changes following osimertinib treatment in lung cancer.

Osimertinib is first-line treatment for epidermal growth factor (EGFR)-mutated non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and has been associated with cardiotoxicity. However, the nature of cardiac remodeling and associated risk factors remains incompletely understood. Retrospective analysis of NSCLC patients with ≥1 echocardiogram post-osimertinib between 2007 and 2022 was performed.