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The global production of plastics has reached unprecedented levels, with <10% being recycled and even fewer recycled more than once. This lack of circularity poses critical environmental threats. However, upcycling-recycling materials while improving their properties and functionality-through dynamic bonding strategies offers a promising approach to enhancing polymer sustainability. Dynamic bonds enable polymeric structures to reconfigure under specific conditions, improving thermal, chemical, and mechanical resilience and controllability while facilitating recyclability. This review specifically takes the viewpoint of upcycling existing thermoplastics and thermosets to develop sustainable dynamic covalent networks (DCNs). Integrating these DCN upcycling strategies into the design of additive manufacturing (AM) feedstocks creates unique benefits compared to traditional polymer systems. This approach is briefly highlighted in extrusion-based and light-based AM, assessing the potential for improved material processability, recyclability, and the creation of high-value customized products. The combination of upcycling technologies and AM techniques presents a significant opportunity to advance sustainability in macromolecular science.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/marc.202401011 | DOI Listing |
J Am Chem Soc
September 2025
Institute of Sustainability for ChemicalsEnergy and Environment (ISCE), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 1 Pesek Road, Singapore, Jurong Island 627833, Republic of Singapore.
Thermosets with permanent cross-linked structures provide excellent durability but pose significant challenges for reprocessing and recycling, raising engineering and environmental concerns as their usage expands. The advent of covalent adaptable networks (CANs) with dynamic covalent linkages has improved thermoset recyclability and enabled the fusion of identical polymer networks (A-A type fusion). However, fusing different thermosets (A-B type fusion) remains challenging due to their distinct dynamic behaviors and variable activation energies for bond exchange.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBioresour Technol
September 2025
Department of Chemistry, National Institute of Technology Karnataka, Surathkal, Mangalore 575025 Karnataka, India. Electronic address:
Efficient conversion of biomass into hydrocarbon fuels, organic chemicals, and synthetic polymers promises sustainability of the organic chemical industries and a circular carbon economy. Synthesizing targeted bioproducts bearing more carbon atoms in their skeletal system than the parent carbohydrate molecules require strategic use of various CC bond-forming reactions (e.g.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFTalanta
August 2025
Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Natural and Exact Sciences, Universidad de Oriente, Av. Patricio Lumumba, Santiago de Cuba, 90100, Cuba.
Molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs) have been studied to be used as a platform for electrochemical sensing devices, with special regard to the determination of pesticides. Due to MIP applicability, in the present research, we develop a glassy carbon electrode (GCE) modified with a molecularly imprinted nanocomposite based on the doping of poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT) with chitosan (Chit) and TiO nanoparticles for sensing atrazine in environmental samples. The construction of the MIP nanocomposite was divided into four parts, which include the chitosan-TiO layer formation by simple drop-casting on the GCE, the doping and electropolymerization of the Chit+TiO+PEDOT layer, cavity formation, and elution.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNaturwissenschaften
September 2025
Department of Zoology, University of Calcutta, 35 Ballygunge Circular Road, Ballygunge, Kolkata, 700019, West Bengal, India.
Insect silk is a naturally occurring protein that forms semicrystalline threads when exposed to air. The Asian weaver ant, Oecophylla smaragdina (Formicidae: Hymenoptera), frequently uses silks for leaf weaving in nest construction to maintain its integrity and durability. The silk imparts resilience and durability to the nests, preventing fracturing or breaking during many natural disasters, particularly heavy rainfall and strong winds.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAdv Sci (Weinh)
September 2025
Next-Generation Fuel Cell Research Center (NEXT-FC), Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka, 819-0395, Japan.
Under high current density operation, water generation at the cathode of polymer electrolyte fuel cells (PEFCs) floods the electrode, resulting in severe mass transport limitation and an associated voltage drop. Water management is thus of crucial importance in improving the overall performance of fuel cell systems. Gas diffusion layers (GDLs) with independent pathways for either gaseous oxygen or liquid water transport present a potential solution to this issue.
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