Multiple substance use and the risk of pancreatitis: a systematic review.

Background: The impact of multiple substance use on the risk of pancreatitis remains underexplored.

Objective: To systematically review peer-reviewed observational studies assessing the association of multiple substance use with the risk of acute pancreatitis (AP) or chronic pancreatitis (CP) in adults.

Design: We conducted a systematic review informed by the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analyses guideline.

Prostaglandin E2 as a Mechanistic Biomarker of Chronic Pancreatitis.

Introduction: Chronic pancreatitis (CP) is a disease associated with chronic inflammation, fibrosis, and pain. There is a lack of tools available that facilitate early diagnosis, when intervention could prevent irreversible damage. Pilot data suggested prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) as a candidate biomarker for early CP.

Type 1 Diabetes Autoantibodies in Acute, Recurrent Acute, and Chronic Pancreatitis.

Type 1 diabetes-associated autoimmune mechanisms have not been thoroughly examined in pancreatitis-associated diabetes. We assessed the prevalence of four islet autoantibodies in serum from a large prospective cohort of patients with acute, recurrent acute, or chronic pancreatitis. Diabetes was present in 11 (12%) of 94 participants with acute pancreatitis, 69 (27%) of 273 with recurrent acute pancreatitis, and 235 (43%) of 560 with chronic pancreatitis.

Oral Indomethacin for Chronic Pancreatitis: Results From the PAIR Randomized Placebo-Controlled Trial.

Introduction: Chronic pancreatitis (CP) remains difficult to manage with few treatment options. Prior studies have implicated prostaglandin E 2 (PGE 2 ) in mediating chronic inflammation in the pancreas. Therefore, we aimed to evaluate whether indomethacin, a cyclooxygenase-2 enzyme inhibitor, would reduce PGE 2 levels in CP.

Lifetime Smoking History and Marijuana co-use in Patients With Alcohol-related Acute Pancreatitis.

Objectives: Smoking increases the risk of the first episode of acute pancreatitis (AP), its recurrence, and progression to chronic pancreatitis. Co-use of cigarettes with marijuana may exacerbate health risks, complicating pancreatitis management. Our study aims to investigate the lifetime smoking history and co-use of cigarettes and marijuana in AP patients.

Management of comminuted scapular fracture by open reduction and internal fixation: A case report.

Introduction: Scapular fracture is rare fracture as it comprises of only 3 % to 5 % of total shoulder fractures also in that, comminuted type is most uncommon type. High velocity force and direct blow are the most common cause of scapular fracture. We report a case of 60 years male with comminuted scapular fracture following physical assault by stick over back.

Pancreatic adenocarcinoma patients with pain have abnormal central pain processing.

Background & Aims: Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is often associated with debilitating abdominal pain that is poorly understood. The aim of this study is to evaluate pain processing in patients with PDAC using Pancreatic Quantitative Sensory Testing (P-QST).

Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional study enrolling histologically confirmed PDAC patients from referral centers in the United States and Germany, and healthy controls from the United States, Germany, and Denmark.

Impact of ultrasound treatment on millets - quality assessment and implications: a review.

Millets are nutritious small-seeded grains that have the potential to help address hidden hunger while also meeting the increasing food demand. The use of ultrasound technology in millet processing has become a highly effective tool that surpasses traditional thermal processing techniques. This review article examines the potential of ultrasound treatment in decreasing antinutrient levels, altering starch and protein functionality, and extracting the bioactive compounds from millets.

Endoscopic and Surgical Treatments for Painful Chronic Pancreatitis: A Scoping Review of Pain Assessment Tools and Meta-analysis of Outcomes.

Objective: Managing painful chronic pancreatitis (CP) often involves invasive treatments, but success rates are variable. We aimed to describe the pain assessment tools used to measure the efficacy of endotherapy and surgery for painful CP and perform a meta-analysis of outcomes.

Design: PubMed, Embase, and Scopus databases were searched for published studies through April 1, 2023.

Health Inequities in Pancreatic Disorders in the Black/African American Community.

Pancreatic diseases, such as acute pancreatitis (AP), chronic pancreatitis (CP), and pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC), disproportionately affect Black/African American (AA) communities in the United States, leading to high incidence, prevalence, and mortality rates. This paper outlines disparities in pancreatic diseases among AAs and explores contributing factors beyond individual biology and behavior, emphasizing the role of social determinants of health (SDoH), including poor access to healthcare, lack of inclusion in research studies, and other crucial systemic and structural factors in historically marginalized AA communities. This review identifies barriers to pancreatic disease research in AAs and advocates for addressing healthcare disparities through community engagement, healthcare workforce diversity, partnerships with minority-serving healthcare facilities, and community-led initiatives targeting lifestyle modification.

Differential impact of recent heavy drinking on first and recurrent acute pancreatitis.

Background: While alcohol is known to sensitize the pancreas to acute injury, the role of short-term episodic drinking in regular drinkers is unknown.

Methods: We conducted a case-crossover study to (1) determine the hazardous period of drinking prior to a first episode of acute pancreatitis (FAP) or recurrent acute pancreatitis (RAP) and (2) evaluate the dose-response association between short-term drinking and FAP/RAP. Patients hospitalized for FAP/RAP with an AUDIT-C score of ≥3 were enrolled.

Prevalence and Patterns of Opioid Use in Chronic Pancreatitis.

Introduction: Opioids are used to treat pain in chronic pancreatitis (CP), but little is known about current use patterns. The aim of this study was to characterize the utilization of opioids and associations with clinical characteristics in adult patients with CP.

Methods: This cross-sectional analysis used baseline data from participants with definite CP enrolled in a cohort study in the United States (PROspective Evaluation of CP for EpidEmiologic and Translational StuDies).

No definite associations between opioid doses and severity of acute pancreatitis - Results from a multicentre international prospective study.

Background: Abdominal pain is the cardinal symptom of acute pancreatitis (AP), often requiring opioid therapy. This study aimed to investigate the dose-dependent relationship between opioid therapy and moderately severe or severe AP.

Methods: This was a post-hoc analysis of the prospective PAINAP database, which recruited patients with first-time AP from 118 centres across 27 countries between April-June 30, 2022.

Genetics of constant and severe pain in the NAPS2 cohort of recurrent acute and chronic pancreatitis patients.

Recurrent acute and chronic pancreatitis (RAP, CP) are complex, progressive inflammatory diseases with variable pain experiences impacting patient function and quality of life. The genetic variants and pain pathways in patients contributing to most severe pain experiences are unknown. We used previously genotyped individuals with RAP/CP from the North American Pancreatitis Study II (NAPS2) of European Ancestry for nested genome-wide associated study (GWAS) for pain-severity, chronicity, or both.

Heterogeneity in Pancreatitis: Recognizing Heterogeneity and Its Role in the Management of Pancreatitis Summary of a National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases Workshop.

Both the clinical management and study of recurrent acute pancreatitis and chronic pancreatitis are complicated by significant heterogeneity in the etiology, mechanisms, symptoms, and complications of pancreatitis. The National Institutes of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Disease recently convened a workshop to address current knowledge and knowledge gaps in the field. Preclinical models that better replicate human disease are important for development of new therapies.

Development of a core outcome set for recurrent acute and chronic pancreatitis: Results of a Delphi poll.

Background/objective: Recurrent acute pancreatitis (RAP) and chronic pancreatitis (CP) lack effective therapies. There is no consensus or guidance on which endpoints or outcome measures should be used in clinical trials. This study aimed to develop a core outcome set aligned with both patient and provider priorities for RAP and CP.

Pancreatitis pain quality changes at year 1 follow-up, but GP130 remains a biomarker for pain.

Background/objectives: Debilitating abdominal pain is a common symptom affecting patients with chronic pancreatitis (CP). CP pain is dynamic due to multiple underlying mechanisms. The objective of this study was to 1) evaluate changes in pain phenotype at one year follow-up and 2) validate putative pain biomarkers in a prospective cohort study.

Multiparametric MRI Scoring System of the Pancreas for the Diagnosis of Chronic Pancreatitis.

Background: Ductal features alone may not offer high diagnostic sensitivity or most accurate disease severity of chronic pancreatitis (CP).

Purpose: Diagnose CP based on multiparametric MRI and MRCP features.

Study Type: Prospective.

Global trends in opioid use for pain management in acute pancreatitis: A multicentre prospective observational study.

Background: Since there is no current international consensus on the optimal approach for pain management in acute pancreatitis (AP), analgesic practices may vary across different healthcare settings.

Objective: This study explored global disparities in analgesic use, in particular opioids, during admission and at discharge in hospitalised AP patients.

Methods: This was a post hoc analysis of the prospective PAINAP database, which included all admissions for AP between April and June 2022 with a 1-month follow-up.

Evaluation of Chronic Pancreatitis Prognosis Score in an American Cohort.

Introduction: Chronic Pancreatitis Prognosis Score (COPPS) was developed to discriminate disease severity and predict risk for future hospitalizations. In this cohort study, we evaluated if COPPS predicts the likelihood of hospitalization(s) in an American cohort.

Methods: The Chronic Pancreatitis, Diabetes, and Pancreatic Cancer consortium provided data and serum from subjects with chronic pancreatitis (N = 279).