Characteristics and management of mechanically ventilated patients in South Korea compared with other high-income Asian countries and regions.

Background: This study investigated the characteristics of mechanically ventilated patients in South Korean intensive care units (ICUs).

Methods: We conducted a subgroup analysis of a multinational observational study. Data from 271 mechanically ventilated patients in South Korean ICUs were analyzed for demographics, ventilation practices, and mortality, and were compared with those of 327 patients from other high-income Asian countries.

COSINE-100 full dataset challenges the annual modulation signal of DAMA/LIBRA.

For over 25 years, the DAMA/LIBRA collaboration has claimed to observe an annual modulation signal, suggesting the existence of dark matter interactions. However, no experiment using different target materials has observed a dark matter signal consistent with their result. To address this puzzle, the COSINE-100 collaboration conducted a model-independent test using sodium iodide crystal detectors, the same target material as DAMA/LIBRA.

Impact of the 2024 medical-policy conflict on hepatocellular carcinoma management in Korea.

In 2024, a nationwide conflict between the South Korean government and the medical community, the medical-policy conflict, profoundly impacted healthcare delivery. This study aimed to evaluate the changes in the management of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) following this crisis. We analyzed retrospective real-world data from university hospitals in the Seoul metropolitan area, supplemented with national healthcare data from the Health Insurance Review and Assessment Service.

Optimal Number of Lymph Nodes Retrieved to Lower the Risk of False N0 for Patients with Pancreatic Cancer Undergoing Curative Surgery.

Background: Accurate LN examination is critical for staging and prognosis in pancreatic cancer. However, the ideal number of LNs required for precise staging and improved survival remains unclear. This study aimed to determine the optimal number of lymph nodes (LNs) to retrieve during pancreatectomy for pancreatic cancer to minimize false node-negative (false N0) rates and assess its impact on survival outcomes.

Comprehensive Analysis of Chyle Leak in Resected Pancreatic Head Cancer: Impact on Clinical, Oncologic, and Nutritional Outcomes.

Background: Chyle leak (CL) is a relevant complication of pancreatic surgery, but its incidence, risk factors, clinical and oncologic impacts, and nutritional relevance remain inconsistent and limited.

Methods: We retrospectively reviewed patients who underwent pancreaticoduodenectomy for pancreatic head cancer from 2007 to 2023 at a single institution. The clinical impact of CL was evaluated by prolonged hospital stays and immune-nutritional status, assessed using the Controlling Nutritional Status (CONUT) score at discharge.

Long-term results of a randomized controlled trial of biosimilar CT-P16 and reference bevacizumab in patients with metastatic or recurrent non-small cell lung cancer.

Purpose: Data from the CT-P16 3.1 study demonstrated equivalent efficacy between CT-P16, a bevacizumab biosimilar, and European-approved reference bevacizumab (EU-bevacizumab) for the primary endpoint of objective response rate (ORR) during induction treatment in patients with metastatic or recurrent non-squamous non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). We now present long-term findings.

A novel multi-target compound mitigates amyloid plaques, synaptic deficits, and neuroinflammation in Alzheimer's disease models.

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is characterized by progressive cognitive decline, amyloid plaque accumulation, synaptic dysfunction, and neuroinflammation. This study reports the therapeutic potential of (S)-4-amino-5,5-difluoro-N'-methyl-N'-phenylpentanehydrazide hydrochloride (RA-058HM), a novel compound, in ameliorating these pathological features of AD in the 5xFAD mouse model. RA-058HM was administered orally for 8 weeks, and its multi-target effects - including relief from neuroinflammation, normalization of synaptic transmission, reduction of amyloidogenesis (plaque and soluble oligomers, as well as BACE1 levels), and rescue of cognitive function-were evaluated.

A Wearable Electrochemical Biosensor for Salivary Detection of Periodontal Inflammation Biomarkers: Molecularly Imprinted Polymer Sensor with Deep Learning Integration.

The work presented here introduces a developed electrochemical biosensor for the salivary detection of matrix metalloproteinase-8 (MMP-8), utilizing a molecularly imprinted polymer (MIP) matrix based on poly(o-phenylenediamine). To enhance detection sensitivity and modulate impedance responses, graphene oxide (GO) is incorporated as an interlayer, providing a conductive and chemically stable matrix for precise electrochemical sensing. Density functional theory simulations confirm the formation of highly selective binding sites, further reinforcing the sensor's specificity for MMP-8 detection.

Long-term oncologic benefit of postoperative chemotherapy in the resected ampulla of Vater cancer: hope or hype? A propensity score matching analysis.

Purpose: The oncologic benefits of adjuvant chemotherapy for resected ampulla of Vater cancer (AoVCa) remain contentious. This study aimed to evaluate the long-term oncologic effects of postoperative adjuvant chemotherapy (PACT) in patients who underwent radical surgery for AoVCa.

Methods: From 2005 to 2019, clinical and pathological data of 306 AoVCa patients who underwent pancreatoduodenectomy were retrospectively reviewed.

Efficacy and Safety of Biosimilar CT-P47 Versus Reference Tocilizumab: 1-Year Results of a Randomised, Active-Controlled, Double-Blind, Phase III Study in Patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis.

Background And Objective: This phase III study conducted in 22 centres in Poland assessed the efficacy equivalence of candidate tocilizumab biosimilar, CT-P47, and European Union-approved reference tocilizumab (r-TCZ) in rheumatoid arthritis. We report 1-year data, including switching from r-TCZ to CT-P47.

Methods: This active-controlled, double-blind, multicentre trial randomised (1:1) adults (aged 18-75 years) with moderate-to-severe rheumatoid arthritis diagnosed for ≥ 24 weeks and treated with methotrextate for ≥ 12 weeks before the first study drug administration, to receive CT-P47 or r-TCZ every 4 weeks (8 mg/kg, intravenous) up to week 20.

Real-World Comparison of Carfilzomib, Lenalidomide, and Dexamethasone Versus Ixazomib, Lenalidomide, and Dexamethasone in Patients With Relapsed/Refractory Multiple Myeloma: KMM2004 Study.

Background: Lenalidomide-based triplet regimens, specifically carfilzomib, lenalidomide, and dexamethasone (KRd) and ixazomib, lenalidomide, and dexamethasone (IRd), are recognized as effective treatments for relapsed/refractory multiple myeloma (RRMM). Since 2020, South Korea's National Health Insurance Service has covered these combinations, prompting a need for real-world comparisons of their efficacy and safety.

Methods: A retrospective analysis of 182 RRMM patients treated with KRd (112) or IRd (70) at 17 South Korean centers from May 2020 to April 2021 was conducted.

A Phase II Study of Daratumumab in Combination with Bortezomib and Dexamethasone in Patients with Multiple Myeloma Who Received One Prior Line of Therapy (KMM1906).

Purpose: Daratumumab combined with bortezomib and dexamethasone (DVd) has been established as the standard treatment for relapsed/refractory multiple myeloma (MM) based on pivotal phase 3 trials. A subgroup analysis demonstrated enhanced efficacy in the second-line setting, although the fixed duration of bortezomib administration remained a limitation. Therefore, we conducted a phase II trial evaluating continuous bortezomib as maintenance in a DVd regimen for second-line treatment.

Serial next-generation sequencing for detecting germline predisposition in acute myeloid leukemia.

Not available.

Perioperative Clinical Usage of Phellinus Linteus as a Nutraceutical for Non-FOLFIRINOX-Based Postoperative Adjuvant Chemotherapy for Resected Pancreatic Cancer: A Retrospective Cohort Study.

Introduction: Most patients with pancreatic cancer experience systemic recurrence within 1 to 2 years after radical pancreatectomy. Phellinus linteus (PL) has demonstrated anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and anti-cancer properties, suggesting potential as an adjunct to cancer therapy. This study aimed to evaluate the long-term oncological impact of perioperative PL in resected pancreatic cancer.

Laparoscopic omentopexy as a spacer for carbon-ion radiotherapy in locally advanced pancreatic cancer.

Although half of the patients with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) are diagnosed at an advanced stage, surgical interventions needed at this stage are currently limited. Carbon-ion radiotherapy (CIRT) has emerged as a promising treatment modality for PDAC owing to its superior physical and radiobiological properties. However, a major challenge in this treatment is the proximity of the pancreas to radiosensitive organs including the stomach and duodenum, which limits dose escalation and increases the risk of severe complications, including ulceration and perforation.

Design and implementation of modular laparoscopic general surgery models for surgical education.

Appendectomy, cholecystectomy, and inguinal herniorrhaphy are fundamental procedures in general surgery. These surgeries help trainees develop essential surgical skills, including technical proficiency and surgical planning. In this study, we aimed to design and produce modular laparoscopic surgical training models tailored to the needs of surgical education.

New Constraints on Axionlike Particles with the NEON Detector at a Nuclear Reactor.

We report new constraints on axionlike particles (ALPs) using data from the NEON experiment, which features 16.7 kg of NaI(Tl) target located 23.7 m from a 2.

Diffusion of DNA on Atomically Flat 2D Material Surfaces.

Accurate localization and delivery of biomolecules are pivotal for building tools to understand biology. The interactions of biomolecules with atomically flat 2D surfaces offer a means to realize both the localization and delivery, yet experimental utilization of such interactions has remained elusive. By combining single-molecule detection methods with computational approaches, we comprehensively characterize the interactions of individual DNA molecules with hexagonal boron nitride (hBN) surfaces.

Is There a Potential Oncologic Role for Local Therapy on Hepatic Metastasis in Patients Who Undergo Curative Pancreatectomy for Pancreatic Cancer?

Purpose: In pancreatic cancer, therapeutic investigations targeting liver metastases could improve survival. However, the use of local treatment for oligometastasis in pancreatic cancer remains controversial. This study aimed to investigate the oncological role of local therapy in patients who underwent curative pancreatectomy and subsequently developed liver metastases.

Oncologic impact of statin use on patients treated with hepatectomy for intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma.

Aim: Currently, the only recognized curative treatment for intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC) is surgical resection. However, the impact of various clinical factors, including patient history and pharmacological interventions, on survival outcomes is still not fully understood. We aimed to bridge this knowledge gap by identifying clinical determinants that may influence the prognosis of ICC after surgical resection.

Comparing Outcomes With Subcutaneous Infliximab (CT-P13 SC) by Baseline Immunosuppressant Use: A Post Hoc Analysis of the LIBERTY-CD and LIBERTY-UC Studies.

Background: Superior efficacy of subcutaneous infliximab (CT-P13 SC) over placebo for maintenance therapy in patients with Crohn's disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC) was demonstrated in the randomized LIBERTY-CD and LIBERTY-UC studies. The current post hoc analysis compared outcomes with CT-P13 SC by baseline immunosuppressant use.

Methods: Patients with moderately to severely active CD or UC randomized to the CT-P13 SC maintenance arm of the 54-week LIBERTY trials at week 10 and who were treated in the open-label extension (weeks 56-102) were included.

Non-PDC-based local stabilization conditions of discrete-time nonhomogeneous fuzzy Markov jump systems with dynamic event-triggered mechanism.

Centered on the non-parallel distribution compensation (non-PDC) control scheme, this paper attempts to tackle the issue of event-triggered local stabilization for nonhomogeneous Takagi-Sugeno (T-S) fuzzy Markov jump systems (FMJSs) that take mismatched fuzzy basis functions (FBFs) into consideration. With this aim, this paper presents a framework for formulating local stabilization criteria built on fuzzy Lyapunov functions, establishing criteria for defining an attraction region within an invariant ellipsoidal set and incorporating the occurrence of energy-constrained disturbances into the local control problem. In addition, the mismatch problem encountered in designing an event-triggered fuzzy controller is resolved by integrating a congruent transformation matrix that relies on mismatched fuzzy basis functions while preserving the dependence of the Lyapunov function on the original premise functions.

CT-P17 Adalimumab Biosimilar in Patients with Moderate-to-Severe Chronic Plaque Psoriasis: An Open-Label Extension of a Phase 3 Interchangeability Study.

Introduction: A 27-week analysis of this phase 3 study demonstrated the interchangeability of the adalimumab biosimilar CT-P17 and reference adalimumab. The current 52-week analysis reports secondary data from the open-label extension period (OLE) of the study.

Methods: In this randomized, double-blind, active-controlled phase 3 study, adults with moderate-to-severe chronic plaque psoriasis received (via prefilled syringe) 80 mg subcutaneous reference adalimumab on day 1, then 40 mg 1 week later, and every other week (EOW) until week 11.