Tumor Necrosis Factor Alpha-Mediated Interaction Between Microglia and Müller Cells Exacerbates Retinal Ganglion Cell Damage in Experimental Glaucoma.

Interaction between Müller cells and microglia aggravates neuroinflammation, resulting in retinal ganglion cell (RGC) death in glaucoma. Here, we investigated how tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) produced by activated microglia mediates the crosstalk between Müller cells and microglia and impacts RGC injury in a chronic ocular hypertension (COH) glaucoma model. In COH retinas, elevated TNF-α induced the activation of Müller cells and microglia, and recruited microglia to the ganglion cell layer.

A High-Fidelity RNA-Targeting Cas13X Downregulates Connexin43 in Macroglia: A Novel Neuroprotective Strategy for Glaucoma.

Glaucoma is a neurodegenerative disease characterized by the progressive degeneration of retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) and their axons, ultimately leading to irreversible vision loss. Elevated intraocular pressure (IOP) is one of the significant risk factors in glaucoma; however, neurodegeneration continues even after effective IOP management, underscoring the need for neuroprotective therapies. This study investigates the role of connexin43 (Cx43), which is extensively expressed in retinal macroglia, in regulating microglial activation and optic nerve degeneration in glaucoma.

Extraction, purification, in vitro antioxidant and cytoprotective ability of oligostilbenes from paeonia seeds threshing residues.

Objective: Oligostilbenes, which have been associated with multiple biological activities, are a kind of oligomeric resveratrol compound and widely exist in Paeonia seeds threshing residues. The re-use of the Paeonia seeds threshing residues as value-added materials is, not only cost-effective, but also environmentally beneficial. It is therefore important to develop a high-efficiency method for extraction of oligostilbenes.

Effects of heat reflux extraction on the content, antioxidant, and immune activity of polyphenols and flavonoids from hempseed threshing residues.

Objective: Hempseed threshing residues are rich in phytochemicals such as polyphenols and flavonoids. Phenolic and flavonoid compounds have been associated with antioxidant, antibacterial and anticancer activities. The re-use of the hempseed threshing residues as value-added materials is, not only cost-saving, but also environmentally beneficial.

Meisoindigo Acts as a Molecular Glue to Target PKMYT1 for Degradation in Chronic Myeloid Leukemia Therapy.

Meisoindigo (Mei) has been clinically utilized for the treatment of chronic myeloid leukemia (CML), yet the precise molecular targets by which it exerts effects remain unclear. Through activity-based protein profiling (ABPP), the protein kinase, membrane-associated tyrosine/threonine 1 (PKMYT1) is identified as a direct target of Mei. Specifically, Mei forms a selective and reversible covalent bond with the Cys301 residue of PKMYT1, triggering its K48-linked polyubiquitination and accelerating proteasomal degradation, which is mediated by the E3 ligase TRIM25.

ACAT1 Induces the Differentiation of Glioblastoma Cells by Rewiring Choline Metabolism.

Abnormal differentiation of cells is a hallmark of malignancy. Induction of cancer-cell differentiation is emerging as a novel therapeutic strategy with low toxicity in hematological malignances, but whether such treatment can be used in solid tumors is not known. Here, we uncovered a novel function of acetyl coenzyme A acetyltransferase (ACAT1) in regulating the differentiation of glioblastoma (GBM) cells.

MicroRNA-146a-5p protects retinal ganglion cells through reducing neuroinflammation in experimental glaucoma.

Neuroinflammation plays important roles in retinal ganglion cell (RGC) degeneration in glaucoma. MicroRNA-146 (miR-146) has been shown to regulate inflammatory response in neurodegenerative diseases. In this study, whether and how miR-146 could affect RGC injury in chronic ocular hypertension (COH) experimental glaucoma were investigated.

Neuroprotection of the P2X7 receptor antagonist A740003 on retinal ganglion cells in experimental glaucoma.

The aim of this study was to explore the neuroprotective effects of the P2X7 receptor antagonist A740003 on retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) in chronic intraocular hypertension (COH) experimental glaucoma mouse model. Bioinformatics was used to analyze the glaucoma-related genes. Western blot, real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR, and immunofluorescence staining techniques were employed to explore the mechanisms underlying the neuroprotective effects of A740003 on RGCs in COH retinas.

[Relationship Between Cerebrovascular Reactivity and Depression in Patients With End-Stage Renal Disease].

Objective To investigate the relationship between cerebrovascular reactivity (CVR) and emotional disorders in the patients undergoing continuous hemodialysis for end-stage renal disease (ESRD).Methods The clinical data of the ESRD patients undergoing continuous hemodialysis were collected.Anxiety and depression of the patients were assessed by the Hamilton anxiety scale (HAMA) and Beck depression inventory,respectively.

2D Exfoliation Chemistry Towards Covalent Pseudo-Layered Phosphate Framework Derived by Radical/Strain-Synergistical Process.

2D compounds exfoliated from weakly bonded bulk materials with van der Waals (vdW) interaction are easily accessible. However, the strong internal ionic/covalent bonding of most inorganic crystal frameworks greatly hinders 2D material exfoliation. Herein, we first proposed a radical/strain-synergistic strategy to exfoliate non-vdW interacting pseudo-layered phosphate framework.

Rare earth elements induced electronic engineering in Rh cluster toward efficient alkaline hydrogen evolution reaction.

The unique electronic and crystal structures of rare earth metals (RE) offer promising opportunities for enhancing the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) properties of materials. In this work, a series of RE (Sm, Nd, Pr and Ho)-doped Rh@NSPC (NSPC stands for N, S co-doped porous carbon nanosheets) with sizes less than 2 nm are prepared, utilizing a simple, rapid and solvent-free joule-heat pyrolysis method for the first time. The optimized Sm-Rh@NSPC achieves HER performance.

Cation/Anion-Dual regulation in NaMnTi(PO) cathode achieves the enhanced electrochemical properties of Sodium-Ion batteries.

NaMnTi(PO) (NMTP) emerges as a promising cathode material with high-performance for sodium-ion batteries (SIBs). Nevertheless, its development has been limited by several challenges, including poor electronic conductivity, the Mn Jahn-Teller effect, and the presence of a Na/Mn cation mixture. To address these issues, we have developed a cation/anion-dual regulation strategy to activate the redox reactions involving manganese, thereby significantly enhancing the performance of NMTP.

Formononetin Inhibits Mast Cell Degranulation to Ameliorate Compound 48/80-Induced Pseudoallergic Reactions.

Formononetin (FNT) is a plant-derived isoflavone natural product with anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and anti-allergic properties. We showed previously that FNT inhibits immunoglobulin E (IgE)-dependent mast cell (MC) activation, but the effect of FNT on IgE-independent MC activation is yet unknown. Our aim was to investigate the effects and possible mechanisms of action of FNT on IgE-independent MC activation and pseudoallergic inflammation.

Dopamine receptor-mediated roles on retinal ganglion cell hyperexcitability and injury in experimental glaucoma.

Extraordinary excitability (hyperexcitability) is closely related to retinal ganglion cell (RGC) injury in glaucoma. Dopamine (DA) and its receptors are involved in modulating RGC excitability. We investigated how DA system affects RGC injury in chronic ocular hypertension (COH) experimental glaucoma model.

Salen-based porous aromatic frameworks with multi-active sites as anode materials for lithium-ion batteries.

Porous organic polymers are considered as excellent candidates for the electrode materials in rechargeable battery due to their desirable properties including porosity, customizable structure, and intrinsic chemical stability. Herein a Salen-based porous aromatic framework (Zn/Salen-PAF) is synthesized through a metal directed method and further used as efficient anode materialfor lithium-ion battery. Attributing to the stable functional skeleton, Zn/Salen-PAF delivers a reversible capacity of 631 mAh·g at 50 mA·g, a high-rate capability of 157 mAh·g at 20.

Internet addiction and residual depressive symptoms among clinically stable adolescents with major psychiatric disorders during the COVID-19 pandemic: a network analysis perspective.

To assess the inter-relationships between residual depressive symptoms (RDS) and Internet addiction (IA) using network analysis among clinically stable adolescents with major psychiatric disorders during the COVID-19 pandemic. RDS and IA were assessed using the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) and the Internet Addiction Test (IAT), respectively. Central symptoms and bridge symptoms in the network model were examined.

Proposal to classify phylotype I strains as sp. nov., and a genomic comparison between members of the genus .

A Gram-negative, aerobic, rod-shaped, motile bacterium with multi-flagella, strain RS, was isolated from bacterial wilt of tobacco in Yuxi city of Yunnan province, China. The strain contains the major fatty acids of C, summed feature 3 (C 7 and/or C 6), and summed feature 8 (C 7 and/or C 6). The polar lipid profile of strain RS consists of diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylethanolamine, and unidentified aminophospholipid.

Concentration-modulated global organizational chirality at the liquid/solid interface.

Understanding the origin of homochirality in macroscopic assemblies and manipulating organizational chirality still remain a challenge. Herein, homochirality is achieved by combination of the majority-rules principle and concentration-dependent molecular assembly at the liquid/solid interface. A lower molecular concentration in solution facilitates more efficient amplification of chirality, which is formulated by a cooperative equilibrium model based on the Langmuir adsorption isotherm.

5-epi-ent-Kaurane diterpenoids from the aerial parts of Isodon eriocalyx and their anti-atherosclerotic potential.

The phytochemical investigation of the EtOAc extract from the aerial parts of Isodon eriocalyx afforded seventeen diterpenoids, including eight undescribed compounds. Eriocalyxins H-L have unique structural characteristics featuring a 5-epi-ent-kaurane diterpenoid scaffold with eriocalyxins H-K also possess an unusual 6,11-epoxyspiro-lactone ring while eriocalyxin L, a 1,7:3,20-diepoxy-ent kaurene, features an 1,7-oxygen linkage. The structures of these compounds were elucidated by spectroscopic data interpretation, and the absolute configurations of eriocalyxins H, I, L, and M were confirmed by single-crystal X-ray diffraction.