Development of an efficient mice model of cancer-associated cardiac cachexia.

Background: Cancer-associated cardiac cachexia (CACC) refers to cardiac injury in cancer patients in a malignant state, but preclinical animal models remain inadequately developed.

Methods: This study established CACC models in C57BL/6J and BALB/c mice using orthotopic, intra-abdominal, and hematogenous metastatic tumor induction. Multimodal cardiac assessments, including echocardiography, transmission electron microscopy for myocardial ultrastructural and mitochondrial analysis, and ex vivo cardiomyocyte contractility assays, were systematically applied.

Metabolic Coordination Structures Contribute to Diabetic Myocardial Dysfunction.

Background: Individuals with diabetes are susceptible to cardiac dysfunction and heart failure, potentially resulting in mortality. Metabolic disorders frequently occur in patients with diabetes, and diabetes usually leads to remodeling of heart structure and cardiac dysfunction. However, the contribution and underlying mechanisms of metabolic and structural coupling in diabetic cardiac dysfunction remain elusive.

extract and cordycepin ameliorate LPS-challenged colonic damage in piglets by modulating the microbiota and metabolite profiles.

Introduction: extract (CME) and cordycepin (CPN) are biomolecules with a wide range of biological activities, including anti-inflammatory, antioxidant and anti-tumour effects. The research objective wasto investigate the influences of CME and cordycepin CPN on colonic morphology, microbiota composition and colonic metabolomics in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-challenged piglets.

Methods: Twenty-four weaned castrated piglets were randomly divided into four groups: control group (fed basal diets), LPS group (fed basal diets), CPN-LPS group (basal diets + 60 mg/kg cordycepin), and CME-LPS group (basal diets + 60 mg/kg sextract).

Time-restricted feeding promotes glucagon-like peptide-1 secretion and regulates appetite via tryptophan metabolism of gut in pigs.

Previous clinical trials have shown that time-restricted feeding can be involved in regulating the metabolic health of humans and animals. However, the underlying mechanism has not been fully explored. In this study, the pig model was employed to simulate four prevalent human eating habits, with the aim of investigating the impact of gut microbiota and microbial metabolites on gut hormone secretion and appetite regulation.

Multicolor Emission in Indium-Doped Amorphous Boron Nitride Integrated on Silicon for Self-Biased and High-Speed Photodetection.

Boron nitride (BN), as an emergent wide-bandgap material, is gaining considerable attention as a solid-state deep ultraviolet source and quantum emitter from the ultraviolet to the near-infrared spectral ranges. However, studies of the defect structure of BN and efforts at scalable BN emitters in photonic devices are limited. Controlling the BN doping is of particular interest in view of the light emission of defects.

Complete genome sequence of X14-67 with antimicrobial properties isolated from aged "Chachiensis".

X14-67 was isolated from "Chachiensis," the natural aged pericarps of Blanco. It had inhibitory activity against , , , and . Here, its genome was sequenced and annotated to understand its antimicrobial properties.

SREBP1 induction mediates long-term statins therapy related myocardial lipid peroxidation and lipid deposition in TIIDM mice.

Statins therapy is efficacious in diminishing the risk of major cardiovascular events in diabetic patients. However, our research has uncovered a correlation between the prolonged administration of statins and an elevated risk of myocardial dysfunction in patients with type II diabetes mellitus (TIIDM). Here, we report the induction of sterol regulatory element-binding protein 1 (SREBP1) activation, associated lipid peroxidation, and the consequent diabetic myocardial dysfunction after statin treatment and explored the underlying mechanisms.

Transcriptomic and Metabolomic Analyses Reveal the Attenuating Role of Cordycepin and Extract on Acute Liver Injury Induced by LPS in Piglets.

extract (CME) contains many bioactive compounds, mainly cordycepin (CPN). This study aimed to investigate the possible mechanisms underlying the amelioration of LPS-induced acute liver injury in piglets by CME or CPN supplementation using multi-omics analysis. Twenty-four weaned piglets were randomly distributed into 4 groups ( = 6): the control and LPS groups were fed basal diets; the CPN + LPS (CPN-LPS) and CME + LPS (CME-LPS) groups were fed the basal diets supplemented with CME or CPN.

Extract and Cordycepin Alleviate Oxidative Stress, Modulate Gut Microbiota and Ameliorate Intestinal Damage in LPS-Induced Piglets.

Cordycepin is considered a major bioactive component in extract. This study was performed to evaluate the ameliorative effect of extract (CME) and cordycepin (CPN) supplementation on intestinal damage in LPS-challenged piglets. The results showed that CPN or CME supplementation significantly increased the villus height ( < 0.

Optical color routing enabled by deep learning.

Nano-color routing has emerged as an immensely popular and widely discussed subject in the realms of light field manipulation, image sensing, and the integration of deep learning. The conventional dye filters employed in commercial applications have long been hampered by several limitations, including subpar signal-to-noise ratio, restricted upper bounds on optical efficiency, and challenges associated with miniaturization. Nonetheless, the advent of bandpass-free color routing has opened up unprecedented avenues for achieving remarkable optical spectral efficiency and operation at sub-wavelength scales within the area of image sensing applications.

Light-Emitting Microfibers from Lotus Root for Eco-Friendly Optical Waveguides and Biosensing.

Optical biosensors based on micro/nanofibers are highly valuable for probing and monitoring liquid environments and bioactivity. Most current optical biosensors, however, are still based on glass, semiconductors, or metallic materials, which might not be fully suitable for biologically relevant environments. Here, we introduce biocompatible and flexible microfibers from lotus silk as microenvironmental monitors that exhibit waveguiding of intrinsic fluorescence as well as of coupled light.

Improvement on the Radiation Stability of Multi-scale Supramolecular Assembly in Ionic Liquid-Based Extraction.

The multi-scale supramolecular assembly (MSSA)-based extraction strategy with hydroxyl-functionalized ionic liquid (IL) is promising in the separation of metal ions from radioactive environments for which a comprehensive understanding toward the radiation stability of the MSSA system is necessary. Herein, we report on the analyses of the radiation stability of MSSA in extraction, especially the adopted ILs 1-(2-hydroxyethyl)-3-methylimidazolium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl) imide () and 1-(2-hydroxyethyl)-2,3-dimethylimidazolium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl) imide (), by UV-vis, H NMR, and ESI-HRMS. It was found that the macroscopic assembly (MA) sphere could not be formed after γ irradiation on the extraction system with .

Retinol dehydrogenase 10 reduction mediated retinol metabolism disorder promotes diabetic cardiomyopathy in male mice.

Diabetic cardiomyopathy is a primary myocardial injury induced by diabetes with complex pathogenesis. In this study, we identify disordered cardiac retinol metabolism in type 2 diabetic male mice and patients characterized by retinol overload, all-trans retinoic acid deficiency. By supplementing type 2 diabetic male mice with retinol or all-trans retinoic acid, we demonstrate that both cardiac retinol overload and all-trans retinoic acid deficiency promote diabetic cardiomyopathy.

Long-term statins administration exacerbates diabetic nephropathy via ectopic fat deposition in diabetic mice.

Statins play an important role in the treatment of diabetic nephropathy. Increasing attention has been given to the relationship between statins and insulin resistance, but many randomized controlled trials confirm that the therapeutic effects of statins on diabetic nephropathy are more beneficial than harmful. However, further confirmation of whether the beneficial effects of chronic statin administration on diabetic nephropathy outweigh the detrimental effects is urgently needed.

Insights into the spontaneous multi-scale supramolecular assembly in an ionic liquid-based extraction system.

Herein, we report a four-step mechanism for the spontaneous multi-scale supramolecular assembly (MSSA) process in a two-phase system concerning an ionic liquid (IL). The complex ions, elementary building blocks (EBBs), [EBB] clusters and macroscopic assembly (MA) sphere are formed step by step. The porous large-sized [EBB] clusters in the glassy state can hardly stay in the IL phase and they transfer to the IL-water interface due to both electroneutrality and amphiphilicity.

Coordination of Actinide Single Ions to Deformed Graphdiyne: Strategy on Essential Separation Processes in Nuclear Fuel Cycle.

The coordination of actinides and lanthanides, as well as strontium and cesium with graphdiyne (GDY) was studied experimentally and theoretically. On the basis of experimental results and/or theoretical calculations, it was suggested that Th , Pu , Am , Cm , and Cs exist in single-ion states on the special triangular structure of GDY with various coordination patterns, wherein GDY itself is deformed in different ways. Both experiment and theoretical calculations strongly indicate that UO , La , Eu , Tm and Sr are not adsorbed by GDY at all.

Controlling Electron Spin Decoherence in Nd-based Complexes via Symmetry Selection.

Long decoherence time is a key consideration for molecular magnets in the application of the quantum computation. Although previous studies have shown that the local symmetry of spin carriers plays a crucial part in the spin-lattice relaxation process, its role in the spin decoherence is still unclear. Herein, two nine-coordinated capped square antiprism neodymium moieties [Nd(CO)HO] with slightly different local symmetries, C versus C (1 and 2), are reported, which feature in the easy-plane magnetic anisotropy as shown by the high-frequency electron paramagnetic resonance (HF-EPR) studies.

Construction and application of a dual promoter system for efficient protein production and metabolic pathway enhancement in Bacillus licheniformis.

Promoter plays the critical role in regulating gene transcription, and dual-promoter has received the widespread attentions due to its high efficiency and continuity, here, we want to construct an efficient dual-promoter for protein production and metabolic pathway enhancement. Firstly, our results indicated that P43 promoter efficiently transcribed at logarithmic period, while the σ-type promoters (PylB, PgsiB, PykzA) were active at stationary phase. Then, several dual promoters were constructed by coupling these σ-type promoters with P43, and the attained dual-promoter PykzA-P43 showed the best performance, which led to 1.

Controlled fiberization of dipeptide in merging phases leads to collagen-level strength and opto/electric mechanofunctionalities.

Artificial synthesis and manipulation of functional amyloid-like fibrils with both positive and negative biological roles in living organisms are still major challenges. As a kind of typical building sequences, diphenylalanine and its derivatives have attracted substantial interests due to their outstanding self-assembly ability and unique combinations of biological, physical, and chemical properties. Herein, inspired by the thermodynamic behavior of cellular fiberization, we describe a novel approach which utilizes a phase merging process in the water/hexafluoroisopropanol binary solutions to initiate and modulate self-assembly of diphenylalanine monomers.

Strong Coupling of Folded Phonons with Plasmons in 6H-SiC Micro/Nanocrystals.

Silicon carbide (SiC) has a large number of polytypes of which 3C-, 4H-, 6H-SiC are most common. Since different polytypes have different energy gaps and electrical properties, it is important to identify and characterize various SiC polytypes. Here, Raman scattering is performed on 6H-SiC micro/nanocrystal (MNC) films to investigate all four folded transverse optic (TO) and longitudinal optic (LO) modes.

Phase-Engineering-Induced Generation and Control of Highly Anisotropic and Robust Excitons in Few-Layer ReS.

The anisotropic exciton behavior in two-dimensional materials induced by spin-orbit coupling or anisotropic spatial confinement has been exploited in imaging applications. Herein, we propose a new strategy to generate high-energy and robust anisotropic excitons in few-layer ReS nanosheets by phase engineering. This approach overcomes the limitation imposed by the layer thickness, enabling production of visible polarized photoluminescence at room temperature.

Enhancement of Ferromagnetism in Nonmagnetic Metal Oxide Nanoparticles by Facet Engineering.

Ferromagnetism in semiconducting metal oxide nanoparticles has been intensively investigated due to their potential applications in spintronics, information storage, and biomedicine. Ferromagnetism can be produced in nonmagnetic metal oxide nanoparticles by a variety of methods or factors, but the saturated magnetization is typically of the order of 10 emu g and too small to be useful in practice. In this work, it is demonstrated theoretically and experimentally that stronger ferromagnetism can be achieved in undoped nonmagnetic metal oxide semiconductors by exposing some specific polar crystal facets with carvings of special bonds via the interaction with underlying vacancies.

Brianyoungite/Graphene Oxide Coordination Composites for High-Performance Cu(2+) Adsorption and Tunable Deep-Red Photoluminescence.

Graphene oxide (GO) is a good adsorbent for heavy-metal ions because the oxygen functional groups offer active adsorption sites, but a small-size GO with dense oxygen-containing groups has high water solubility causing difficulty in separation. Herein, GO is bound to large brianyoungite (BY) by Zn-O coordination via a hydrothermal reaction that produces BY-GO composites with hollow spherical and flakelike morphologies that are easy to remove. By producing abundant oxygen-containing groups on GO, the Cu(2+) adsorption capacity increases to 1724.

Synergistic WO3·2H2O Nanoplates/WS2 Hybrid Catalysts for High-Efficiency Hydrogen Evolution.

Tungsten trioxide dihydrate (WO3·2H2O) nanoplates are prepared by in situ anodic oxidation of tungsten disulfide (WS2) film on carbon fiber paper (CFP). The WO3·2H2O/WS2 hybrid catalyst exhibits excellent synergistic effects which facilitate the kinetics of the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER). The electrochromatic effect takes place via hydrogen intercalation into WO3·2H2O.