Salvage Masquelet Technique for Insufficient Bone Regeneration Following Chipping and Lengthening in Tibial Nonunion: A Case Report.

BACKGROUND The treatment of nonunion with deformity and shortening remains a significant challenge in orthopedic surgery. The chipping and lengthening technique is used for bone reconstruction and new bone formation, without the need for bone grafting. However, inadequate bone regeneration can require additional treatment.

Investigation of 222-nm ultraviolet C irradiation bactericidal effect on the surgical field in a rabbit model.

Ultraviolet C (UV-C) not only has a bactericidal effect, but is also cytotoxic; however, UV-C at a wavelength of 222 nm with a high absorption coefficient for proteins is considered safe. We have previously reported the safety of 222-nm UV-C irradiation in humans and rabbits. This study evaluated the bactericidal effect of 222-nm UV-C irradiation on exposed surgical fields.

Aortitis after granulocyte-colony stimulating factor administration: A case report.

Granulocyte-colony stimulating factor (G-CSF) is commonly used to reduce neutropenia-related complications following chemotherapy. It is a glycoprotein that stimulates the production of granulocytes [white blood cells (WBCs) in the bone marrow. In the present study, the case of a 59-year-old man is presented who received chemotherapy (eribulin) for liver metastases from sacral chordoma and subsequently developed acute aortitis after the administration of G-CSF.

Distribution of interscan measurement error in AI-based 3D MRI analysis of knee cartilage thickness in osteoarthritis.

Purpose: A novel AI-based 3D analysis system was developed to automatically extract bone and cartilage from MRI data and provide average cartilage thickness. This study aimed to analyze the interscan measurement error of knee cartilage thickness in osteoarthritis patients.

Methods: Fifty knee osteoarthritis patients underwent two scans using MRI systems from five different vendors.

Blood type O increased perioperative blood loss in total knee arthroplasty: a propensity score-based inverse probability of treatment weighting matched analysis.

Purpose: The aim of this study was to compare total perioperative blood loss in patients undergoing total knee arthroplasty (TKA) in different ABO blood types.

Methods: This study was approved by the Institutional Review Board of our hospital (IRB No. 1510) on 2 February 2015.

Does hip bone morphology differ depending on the presence of cam lesions in borderline developmental dysplasia of the hip?

Background: The purpose of this study was to divide patients with borderline developmental dysplasia of the hip (BDDH) into two groups according to the presence of Cam lesions, and compare radiographs related to bone morphology between them.

Methods: We retrospectively analyzed consecutive patients with BDDH who underwent hip arthroscopy (HA) or periacetabular osteotomy (PAO) at our institution between October 2013 and October 2019. The patients were classified into two groups according to the presence of Cam lesions.

SIRT1 antisense long noncoding RNA attenuates interleukin-1β-induced osteoarthritic gene expression in human chondrocytes through its mRNA interaction.

Recent studies demonstrated the role of antisense long noncoding RNAs (AS lncRNAs) in regulating gene expression at the transcriptional or translational level. In this study, we assessed the effects of sirtuin 1 (SIRT1) AS lncRNA overexpression and inhibition, along with overexpression of miR-34a, on interleukin (IL)-1β-induced gene expression alterations in human chondrocytes, aiming to understand its role in human chondrocytes. We analyzed gene expression alterations using real-time PCR and assessed SIRT1 protein level alterations through western blotting.

Temsirolimus, a water-soluble mTOR inhibitor, alleviates osteoarthritic changes in human chondrocytes and mouse osteoarthritis models.

Purpose/aim: Temsirolimus is a water-soluble mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) complex inhibitor, potentially suitable for intra-articular administration. The present study aims to evaluate the therapeutic effects of intra-articular administration of temsirolimus on human chondrocytes and osteoarthritis (OA) progression in mice.

Materials And Methods: The beneficial effects of temsirolimus treatment were evaluated in human chondrocytes (Normal Human Articular Chondrocyte-Knee cells) with or without treatment with IL-1β by real-time polymerase chain reaction, TUNEL staining for apoptosis, and CYTO-ID(R) staining for autophagy.

Dynamic Analysis of Ultrasound Images of the Median Nerve Using Particle Image Velocimetry.

Carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) diagnosis is typically confirmed through electrophysiologic studies and ultrasound (US) imaging. Recent studies have suggested that median nerve gliding is reduced in patients with CTS. This study employed particle image velocimetry (PIV) to analyze median nerve dynamics.

Risk Factors for Wound Dehiscence After Spinal Metastasis Surgery and a New Approach to Prevention-Curved Skin Incision.

: Postoperative wound dehiscence is a major complication following spinal metastasis surgery, particularly in patients who receive preoperative radiotherapy or molecular-targeted therapy; however, preventive strategies remain limited. : In this study, we aimed to identify the risk factors for postoperative wound dehiscence and evaluate the clinical utility of a novel curved skin incision (CSI) technique, designed to avoid irradiated areas, in comparison with the conventional midline incision (MI) technique. : Logistic regression analysis was conducted on 107 patients who underwent MI between 2013 and 2018.

Clinical outcomes following anatomic double-bundle ACL reconstruction in skeletally mature adolescent patients: Comparison to single-bundle procedure.

Background: The present study was aimed to compare the clinical outcomes following double-bundle (DB) ACL reconstruction (ACLR) with the outcomes following single-bundle (SB) ACLR in skeletally mature teenagers.

Methods: A total of 113 skeletally mature teenagers with unilateral ACL injury, who underwent primary ACLR using hamstring autograft with minimum 2 years follow-up, were included. This included 82 DB ACLR (median 16.

Same-model and cross-model variability in knee cartilage thickness measurements using 3D MRI systems.

Purpose: Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) based three-dimensional analysis of knee cartilage has evolved to become fully automatic. However, when implementing these measurements across multiple clinical centers, scanner variability becomes a critical consideration. Our purposes were to quantify and compare same-model variability (between repeated scans on the same MRI system) and cross-model variability (across different MRI systems) in knee cartilage thickness measurements using MRI scanners from five manufacturers, as analyzed with a specific 3D volume analysis software.

Successful Correction of Lower-Limb Malunions Using Intramedullary Nailing and Chipping Osteotomy: A Case Series.

BACKGROUND Lower-limb fracture malunion can result in angular deformity that requires surgical correction. Chipping corrective osteotomy (CCO) is a novel method that involves a chipping technique at the center of rotation of angulation, followed by single-stage internal fixation. This case series describes 3 cases of correction of fracture malunion of the lower limb managed using combined CCO and intramedullary nail stabilization.

Achieving a neutral hip-to-calcaneus axis in kinematically aligned total knee arthroplasty equalizes coronal hindfoot pressure balance at initial ground contact in the gait cycle.

Aims: Evaluating plantar pressure distribution and coronal lower limb alignment, including the hindfoot, using the hip-to-calcaneus axis, known as the ground mechanical axis (GA), is valuable in total knee arthroplasty (TKA). This study aimed to compare postoperative changes in plantar pressure distribution and lower limb alignment between mechanically aligned TKA (MA-TKA) and ground kinematically aligned TKA (gKA-TKA), targeting neutral GA.

Methods: After 1:1 propensity score matching, 35 pairs of patients with end-stage osteoarthritis of the knee, who underwent gKA-TKA and MA-TKA with similar preoperative disability between September 2019 and March 2022, were compared.

Changes in metabolism-related RNA expression in circulating white blood cells of aged individual with physical frailty.

Background: Physical frailty is an age-related clinical condition associated with deterioration of physiological capacity. In aged mice, increased RNA expression of metabolism-related genes in circulating white blood cells (WBC) correlates with impaired physical function.

Methods: Twenty elderly volunteers were enrolled in this exploratory analysis and the possible link between RNA expression of metabolism-related genes in WBC and impairment of their physical function was investigated (jRCT1050210166.

Influence of Preoperative Lumbar Deformity on Improvement in Low Back Pain Following Total Knee Arthroplasty.

Purpose: Knee-spine syndrome emphasizes the interplay between knee and spinal alignments. Previous studies have reported that low back pain (LBP) is strongly associated with knee osteoarthritis (OA) pain. Therefore, we investigated how total knee arthroplasty (TKA) influences lumbar alignment and LBP, hypothesizing that LBP improves after TKA in patients without preoperative lumbar deformity.

Quantitative Evaluation of Tendon Gliding Sounds and Their Classification Using Deep Learning Models.

This study aims to develop and evaluate a deep learning (DL) model for classifying tendon gliding sounds recorded using digital stethoscopes (Nexteto, ShareMedical, Japan, Nagoya). Specifically, we investigate whether differences in tendon excursion and biomechanics produce distinct acoustic signatures that can be identified through spectrogram analysis and machine learning (ML). Tendon disorders often present characteristic tactile and acoustic features, such as clicking or resistance during movement.

Potential of boron neutron capture therapy (BNCT) for epithelioid sarcoma.

Epithelioid sarcoma (ES) is a very rare malignant tumor with few effective treatments other than surgical resection. In this study, the efficacy of BNCT for ES was examined using human ES-derived VA-ES-BJ cell-bearing nude mice. Only tumors in the BNCT group injected with p-borono--phenylalanine-fructose complex and irradiated with neutrons were destroyed.

Influence of limb position on femoral neck anteversion angle measurement during computed tomography imaging.

Background: The femoral neck anteversion angle has been used as a surgical indicator for hip and patellofemoral joint disorders. However, the influence of limb position on femoral neck anteversion angle measurements during imaging remains unclear. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the influence of limb position on femoral neck anteversion angle measurements.

Amount of mechanical hip-knee-ankle (mHKA) angle correction by fixed-bearing medial UKA can be predicted using a new morphological assessment method: the arithmetic hip-knee-ankle (aHKA) angle.

Introduction: The amount of change in coronal alignment by unicompartmental knee arthroplasty (UKA) is important when considering its long-term results. This study investigated whether the amount of change in mechanical hip-knee-ankle (mHKA) angle by medial fixed-bearing UKA can be predicted based on the arithmetic hip-knee-ankle (aHKA) angle, an indicator of bony nature that is independent of soft tissue balance.

Materials And Methods: The research involved 101 patients (125 knees) who underwent medial fixed-bearing UKA with the spacer-block technique.

Valgus positioning of the femoral component does not compromise short-term clinical outcomes in fixed-bearing unicompartmental knee arthroplasty.

Purpose: In unicompartmental knee arthroplasty (UKA), the tibial component tends to be placed in a mildly varus position because of the expected improvement in stress distribution and load transfer across the tibia. With the spacer block technique in UKA, if a tibial osteotomy is performed in the varus position, the femoral component is placed in the valgus position. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the impact of valgus positioning of the femoral component on the short-term postoperative clinical outcomes in fixed-bearing UKA using the spacer block technique.

Articular cartilage damage is frequently noted at the time of medial patellofemoral ligament reconstruction and is associated with age and patellofemoral anatomy.

Introduction: Recurrent patellar instability is often managed with medial patellofemoral ligament (MPFL) reconstruction. Recent work has demonstrated poorer outcomes of MPFL reconstruction in patients with articular cartilage damage. We quantified prevalence and location of articular cartilage injuries in patients treated for patellar instability with MPFL reconstruction and identified factors associated with cartilage damage.

Appropriate patient selection based on joint line convergence angle minimizes the difference between the mechanical axis in the standing and supine positions after open-wedge high tibial osteotomy and distal tuberosity osteotomy.

Background: This study aimed to evaluate the differences between the mechanical axis (MA) in standing and supine positions in patients who underwent high tibial osteotomy (HTO) or distal tuberosity osteotomy (DTO) based on the surgical indication for the joint line convergence angle (JLCA).

Methods: Seventy-one knees of 69 patients with JLCA of < 6° in standing position and a difference of < 3° between the JLCA in the standing and supine positions who had undergone medial open-wedge HTO or DTO were included in this study. The %MA in the standing and supine positions (%MAst and %MAsp, respectively) and JLCA in the standing and supine positions (JLCAst and JLCAsp, respectively) were determined using preoperative and postoperative long-leg-view radiographs.

Comparison of short-term clinical outcomes of intra-articular injection of micro-fragmented adipose tissue and stromal vascular fraction cells for knee osteoarthritis treatment: A retrospective single-center cohort study.

Background: Stromal vascular fraction (SVF) cells and micro-fragmented adipose tissue (MFAT) have potential for treating knee osteoarthritis (OA), but their efficacy has not been compared. This study aimed to compare the clinical outcomes of SVF and MFAT for knee OA. We hypothesized that SVF provides stronger short-term effects, while MFAT offers more sustained benefits.

Innovative Management of Brodie's Abscess: Continuous Local Antibiotic Perfusion in a 14-Year-Old Patient.

BACKGROUND Brodie's abscess is a rare form of subacute osteomyelitis that primarily affects the metaphyseal regions of long bones. Conventional treatment involves thorough curettage and systemic antibiotic therapy for ≥6 weeks, with bone grafting required for abscess sizes >3 cm. Continuous local antibiotic perfusion (CLAP) delivers high concentrations of antibiotics directly to the infection site and facilitates preservation of biologically active bone tissue.