Enhanced mixing and mass transfer of non-Newtonian fluids for DHA production via Schizochytrium sp. fermentation.

Docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) production via aerobic fermentation of Schizochytrium sp. is a green strategy, and the fermentation broth is a highly viscous, non-Newtonian fluid. In this study, the mixing and mass transfer of non-Newtonian fluids were enhanced using computational fluid dynamics combined with particle image velocimetry.

Hospitalizations trends and co-infection patterns for respiratory virus infections in children in central China 2015 to 2023: a longitudinal surveillance study.

This study presents a comprehensive epidemiological analysis of respiratory viral infections in Henan Province, China, from 2015 to 2023, encompassing 183,771 reported cases. The predominant pathogens included influenza A virus (Flu A), accounting for 58.66% of infections, followed by influenza B virus (Flu B), respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), parainfluenza virus (PIV), and severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), human rhinovirus (HRV), was 19.

Decoding TAGLN2 in cancer: the molecular linchpin bridging actin remodeling, immune dysregulation and therapeutic challenges.

Cancer development involves complex interactions between tumors and the host microenvironment. Throughout this process, dynamic regulation of the actin cytoskeleton is crucial for tumor invasion, metastasis, and immune evasion. Transgelin 2 (TAGLN2), a key regulator of the cytoskeleton, significantly influences tumor progression by integrating actin dynamics, signaling pathways, and epigenetic modifications.

PTPRD pleiotropy, genetically driven childbirth timing, and corpus callosum microstructure as potential mechanisms underlying ADHD-RLS comorbidity.

Objectives: To investigate the genetic mechanisms underlying the comorbidity of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and restless legs syndrome (RLS).

Methods: We conducted a three-stage study to investigate the genetic relationship between ADHD and RLS. In the first stage, we used linkage disequilibrium score regression (LDSC) and high-definition likelihood (HDL) to assess genome-wide genetic correlations.

Facilely Fabricating Bimetallic Ir/Co Nanozymes with High Oxidize-like Activities for Sensitive Detection of Malathion with Portable Swabs.

Bimetallic nanozymes not only have strong synergistic catalysis ability but also may improve the catalytic specificity of the nanozymes. Herein, the oxidase (OXD)-mimic Ir/Co bimetallic nanozymes were prepared through a coordination reaction between the Ir(III) complex with the 2-methylimidazole (MeIm) ligands in ZIF-67 under mild conditions without the pyrolysis and physical doping procedures. It is found that the trace amount of Ir-modified ZIF-67 (Ir@ZIF-67) possesses 18.

Engineering PUFA Synthase for Enhanced Production of Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids: Insights and Applications.

Polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) are essential for maintaining human health, playing a critical role in preventing cardiovascular diseases and promoting brain development. PUFAs can be synthesized through two independent biosynthetic pathways: the desaturase/elongase pathway and the PUFA synthase pathway. Among these, PUFA synthase is a crucial enzyme analogous to fatty acid synthase (FAS) and iterative polyketide synthase (PKS).

Comparative metabolomics reveals streptophenazines with anti-methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus activity derived from Streptomyces albovinaceus strain WA10-1-8 isolated from Periplaneta americana.

Background: Streptophenazines, a class of phenazine compounds with a variety of alkyl side chains and activity against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), are mainly derived from soil or marine microbial secondary metabolites. However, the discovered phenazine compounds still do not meet the needs of the development of anti-MRSA lead compounds. Here, we examined secondary metabolites of Streptomyces albovinaceus WA10-1-8 isolated from Periplaneta americana, for streptophenazines with anti-MRSA activity.

Modification of hempseed protein isolate using a novel two-stage method applying high-pressure homogenization coupled with high-intensity ultrasound.

Hempseed protein isolate (HPI), a novel plant protein, possesses advantages as an alternative food protein from a nutritional and sustainable perspective. This study investigated HPI modification by examining the effects of high-pressure homogenization combined with high-intensity ultrasound (HPH + HIU) on the physicochemical and functionality of HPI. Firstly, the optimal homogenization pressure (180 MPa) was selected based on the solubility and particle size of HPI.

Variations in volatile components and biological activities of essential oils from Citrus aurantium 'changshanhuyou' at different growth and ripening stages.

Citrus aurantium 'Changshanhuyou' is one kind of fruit that is beneficial to human health. Most research focus on active substances such as flavonoids and limonoids, but few on the essential oils from its peels. This study analyzed the volatile components of Huyou peel essential oil (HYEO) throughout the growth and ripening stages including beginning, middle, end of growth period, and post- ripening stage (60 days of storage) by GC-MS.

Pain, obesity, adenosine salvage disruption, and smoking behavior mediate the effect of gut microbiota on sleep disorders: results from network Mendelian randomization and 16S rDNA sequencing.

Objectives: The objective of this study is to investigate the indirect causalities between gut microbiota and sleep disorders.

Methods: In stage 1, we utilized 196 gut microbiota as the exposure factor and conducted a two-sample univariable Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis on five sleep disorders: insomnia, excessive daytime sleepiness (EDS), sleep-wake rhythm disorders (SWRD), obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), and isolated REM sleep behavior disorder (iRBD). In stage 2, we validated the MR findings by comparing fecal microbiota abundance between patients and healthy controls through 16S rDNA sequencing.

Can different information channels promote farmers' adoption of Agricultural Green Production Technologies? Empirical insights from Sichuan Province.

Information accessibility is a pivotal factor influencing farmers' adoption of Agricultural Green Production Technologies (AGPT). However, the widespread issue of information poverty presents a significant obstacle to this adoption process, thereby hindering the progression towards sustainable agricultural development. To address this information deficit, farmers have begun to utilize the Internet and participate in government-led onsite assembly training programs to acquire the necessary knowledge.

Synergistic manipulation of sulfur vacancies and palladium doping of InS for enhanced photocatalytic H production.

In this study, a simple one-pot synthesis process is employed to introduce Pd dopant and abundant S vacancies into InS nanosheets. The optimized Pd-doped InS photocatalyst, with abundant S vacancies, demonstrates a significant enhancement in photocatalytic hydrogen evolution. The joint modification of Pd doping and rich S vacancies on the band structure of InS result in an improvement in both the light absorption capacity and proton reduction ability.

Causal associations between modifiable risk factors and isolated REM sleep behavior disorder: a mendelian randomization study.

Objectives: This Mendelian randomization (MR) study identified modifiable risk factors for isolated rapid eye movement sleep behavior disorder (iRBD).

Methods: Genome-wide association study (GWAS) datasets for 29 modifiable risk factors for iRBD in discovery and replication stages were used. GWAS data for iRBD cases were obtained from the International RBD Study Group.

Effects of ultrasound-assisted intermittent tumbling on the quality of cooked ham through modifying muscle structure and protein extraction.

Background: Tumbling treatment is widely used in the production of cooked ham. However, traditional intermittent tumbling (IT) treatment is time-consuming. To enhance the tumbling efficiency, high-intensity ultrasound was used to assist IT treatment (UIT).

PAF-6 Doped with Phosphoric Acid through Alkaline Nitrogen Atoms Boosting High-Temperature Proton-Exchange Membranes for High Performance of Fuel Cells.

High-temperature proton-exchange-membrane fuel cells (HT-PEMFCs) can offer improved energy efficiency and tolerance to fuel/air impurities. The high expense of the high-temperature proton-exchange membranes (HT-PEMs) and their low durability at high temperature still impede their further practical applications. In this work, a phosphoric acid (PA)-doped porous aromatic framework (PAF-6-PA) is incorporated into poly[2,2'-(p-oxydiphenylene)-5,5'-benzimidazole] (OPBI) to fabricate novel PAF-6-PA/OPBI composite HT-PEMs through solution-casting.

Plasma Soluble Podoplanin as a Biomarker of Hypercoagulability and Cellular Immunity Status in Patients With Non-small Cell Lung Cancer.

Podoplanin (PDPN) is known to play a role in thrombosis, metastasis of tumor cells, the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), and immune response. The present study aim to evaluate the clinical significance of soluble PDPN (sPDPN) in hypercoagulability and cellular immune status in patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was used to determine plasma sPDPN levels, and T-lymphocyte distribution was determined using flow cytometry.

Comparison of oil-in-water emulsions prepared by ultrasound, high-pressure homogenization and high-speed homogenization.

This study was designed to compare the properties of myofibrillar protein (MP) stabilized soybean oil-in-water emulsions fabricated by ultrasound-assisted emulsification (UAE), high-pressure homogenization (HPH) and high-speed homogenization (HSH). The emulsion properties, droplet characteristics, interfacial proteins, protein exposure extent, microrheological properties, multiple light scattering results, and 7 d storage stabilities of the three emulsions were specifically investigated. Our results indicate that UAE and HPH were better emulsification methods than HSH to obtain high-quality emulsions with higher emulsifying activity index (UAE 20.